How much do you know about A.I. (Artificial Intelligence)?Artificial means‘man-made', and intelligence means‘the ability to learn. understand and think about things'. A.I. is about making machines think, talk, do and see. A.I. is used in many fields from、playing games to helping doctors. Many machines around us work very well because they work with the help of A.I. Man has always dreamed of building‘thinking machines'. In 1770, Wolfgand Kempelen(1 734—1804)built a wooden robot called Turk that was able to play chess(SUR). It played very well and even beat some of the top chess players of the time! Later it was found that Turk was not real. Inside the box machine was a chess player.
John McCarthy(1927—)is thought as the‘Father'of A.I. He invented the word‘A.I.'and the LISP computer programming language that many A.I. developers use today. How does A.I. work?
A.I. uses ideas from many fields:

    As our closest neighbor in space, the moon has been the subject of popular legends, songs and poems since ancient times. And it also attracts scientists deeply.

    But even after centuries of research, many questions remain to be answered about the Earth's only satellite.

    Perhaps the Chang'e-4 lunar probe will be able to find out more of its secrets. On Dec 8, 2018 the probe lifted off from Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan province. It is the first probe to the far side of moon in human history.

    The Earth's gravity slows the moon's rotation, matching it to the speed of its orbit. Thus, the far side of the moon is always dark and has never been seen.

    It's this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space exploration. Long exposed to solar winds, the far side may have the special soil and minerals in its upper mantle.

    For this reason, Chang'e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any minerals found beneath the probe. Chang'e-4 is also carrying flower seeds and potato and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon will become a more likely destination for space travel in the future.

    However, because of communication problems, exploring the dark side will not be easy. As the far side is blocked off from us, radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China launched the relay satellite Queqiao in May, 2018, so that communication between Earth and the probe could go ahead.

    Power supply is also a challenge to the mission. Chang'e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. However, a lunar day has the length of 28 Earth days. It means that the probe will need to orbit the moon for over 20 days to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and so use its solar panels.

    According to Xinhua, theChang'e-4 lunarprobe landed on the far side of the moon on Jan 3, 2019 successfully, and everything goes well.

    The New York Times described the journey as "groundbreaking", and wrote that it would "give clues to the history and development of the moon".

    Big data (数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies, and governments. One set of data can have people's names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.

    Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.

    Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.

    How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.

    If you look at the top of your phone, you'll usually see a little symbol that says 3G or 4G.The "G" stands for the "generation (代)" of your mobile phone network. But these symbols will become things of the past after 5G networks fully arrive.

    On March 30, Shanghai vice-mayor Wu Qing made the first 5G video call on a Huawei Mate X smartphone, CGTN reported. Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks.

    About 100 times faster than 4G networks, 5G will let people download and upload data faster than ever before. But 5G won't just bring faster mobile Internet. People can use it to do many other things as well.

    For example, 5G will help to make self-driving cars safer. Today's self-driving test cars have one problem-lag (延迟). When the car "sees" an obstacle (障碍物), it sends he information to a data center and receives instructions. However, it takes time to send and receive the information with this kind of lag, the cars might crash because they don't receive instructions in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer according to CNN.

    5G could also be used to power the Internet of Things (IoT). This means a large online network that connects all things and people. Fast Internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology. The IoT could be used in a lot of ways. For example, with IoT, your fridge could automatically (自动地) place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left.