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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

湖南省长沙一中2016-2017学年高一上学期英语第三次月考试卷

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

  ben

    “People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship,” said social worker Ken Yip, “and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.” When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is a seal of consent, an agreement to take the matter seriously. Most governments and many organizations will not process written complaints if they do not bear the writer's signature. The absence of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.

    There are people who wish to remain anonymous(匿名的) for various reasons. Multi-billionaire Mr. King donates generously to charity several times a year. He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring, and he does not want his good deeds to make news. In other cases, people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity. Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police, but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.

    Name or no name? The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved. We all have a name. It is a matter of responsibility to use it when we make a statement, a claim or an accusation. We all want to honor our own name, and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honor what we say.

(1)、What does the writer mean by saying “Responsibility is the name of the game”?
A、Writers need to provide their personal information in the game. B、Publication must bear the writer's full name, address and phone number. C、Writers should be responsible for their names. D、Names are required to indicate writers' responsibility for what they say.
(2)、The second paragraph suggests that a paper without a signature may _______.
A、not get a reply B、help to end a relationship C、be accepted all the same D、become a family problem
(3)、Some people don't want their names known because they are ________.
A、hesitant to make a donation B、unwilling to draw public attention C、afraid of an accusation D、ready for involvement
(4)、The passage is mainly about _______.
A、honor and writers B、identity and signature C、signature and responsibility D、anonymity and signature
举一反三
阅读理解

    Shenzhen is a shopping paradise for visitors. Following is a list of the most popular shopping areas in the city.

    North Huaqiang Area

    The most prosperous shopping area in Shenzhen, it is home to dozens of market places for electronic products, home appliances, timepieces, clothing and jewelry. Some market places each house hundreds of shops, from flagship stores selling big brands to small boutiques where you can bargain.

    It is also a great place to dine, with plenty of restaurants offering various Chinese cuisines and foreign brands like Pizza Hut, Hagen Dazs and AijiSen.

    Dongmen Area

    One of the oldest commercial centers in Shenzhen, this area highlights a walking street flanked by humming stores. It is a good place to buy clothes, handbags, fashion accessories, jewelry, handicrafts, toys and small electronic gadgets.

    MixC Shopping Mall

    It is the city's largest shopping mall and one of the most luxurious, selling clothes, cosmetics and fashion accessories.  There is a large indoor ice skating rink, a movie theater and a super market selling many imported goods. You can also find quite a few foreign restaurant brands here, including Pizza Hut, Starbucks and a Japanese noodle house.

    Shekou

    Sitting by a beautiful cove in western Nanshan District, this quiet place is frequented by many expatriates living in Shenzhen. There are stores selling antiques, collectibles, handicrafts and souvenirs, as well as bars and restaurants offering Western food.

阅读理解

    The human body is designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely give us the chance to move around. As we know, we're sitting while we're eating; we sit in the car and we sit while we watch TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work.

    New research shows that sitting less than three hours a day might extend your life by two years. Peter Katzmarzyk, a scientist at the University of Louisiana in the southern United States, says that sitting is ubiquitous in our lives, meaning it is something we do all the time, everywhere.

    However, Mr. Katzmarzyk says that does not mean you can sit for the rest of your waking hours. He also says you may exercise often, "We can't throw away physical activity. It's extremely important. We have 60 years of research showing us that."

    Mr. Katzmarzyk and his colleagues are part of a new generation of researchers studying how sitting all day affects length of life. "Studies that have assessed the relationship between sitting and mortality (死亡率) or television viewing and mortality are very rare. There's only been a few of them, actually five or six now, in the last four or five years." They found that cutting television time to less than two hours a day could add one point four years to life.

    Luckily, change is already coming to some offices, especially in the design of desks. A "standing desk" lets people stand while they work. Another new design is called the "treadmill desk." A treadmill is an exercise machine that lets you walk in one place. Even some U.S. schools are beginning to experiment with desks that are part bicycle to keep children moving. That's one of the strategies that many companies are using now.

    Mr. Katzmarzyk also says studying this problem has inspired his team to make a few changes in their own lives.

阅读理解

    If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how "foolish" the Finnish people are.

    Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high­class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one,tell the driver to drop you at any place,say that you have some business to attend to,and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety.

    The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests,but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter. With such a loose check,you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.

The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.

    With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take "petty advantages". But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”.

阅读理解

    A recent study followed nearly 1,500 old people for 10 years. It found that those who had a large network of friends lived longer than those with fewer friends by more than 20%.This study isn't the only one that shows friendships can be good for our health.

    Lots of research has shown social support and good health are connected. One recent study focuses on people with ovarian cancer. It says those with lots of social support had much lower levels of a protein connected to more dangerous cancers. This made their treatments (治疗) work better. In another study, women with breast cancer in a support group lived twice as long as those not in a support group. They also had much less pain.

    Sheldon Cohen, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, says strong social support helps people deal with stress. "There may be more benefits as well," Cohen says. "Friends encourage you to look after yourself better. And people with more friends have higher self­confidence, so they feel they have more control over their lives."

    Other studies show people with fewer friends are likely to die sooner after having a heart attack, compared with people having a strong social network. Having lots of friends may even lower your chance of catching a cold. "People with social support have fewer immune (免疫的) problems and lower levels of stress," says Tasha Howe, who works at Humboldt State University. "We are social animals, and we were born to be in groups," Howe says. "We have always needed others to survive better. It's in our genes." People with a big social group are likely to be more at peace, which leads to better health, Howe says.

阅读理解

When Jenny Benson was eight, her mother took her to soccer practice for the first time.

"She's never played soccer before," Mrs Benson told the coach. "I'm not sure how she'll do. "

Jenny ran onto the field and joined the other players. Over the next hour, Mrs Benson and the coach watched as Jenny outran many of the more experienced players.

"I knew then that soccer would be Jenny's sport. " Mrs Benson recalls. And she was right.

It may have helped that Jenny had spent much of her time trying to keep up with her three brothers. "I wanted to be just like them," Jenny says. "My family has inspired me for my entire life. "

Jenny has retired from the United States women's national soccer team. She started out on her professional career in the Philadelphia Charge, a team in the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA). Later on, she joined FC Energy Voronezh, and then New Jersey Wildcats.

When the WUSA was being formed, league officials watched many college soccer games, looking for players good enough to join the league. They were very interested in Jenny, who played for the University of Nebraska.

"Throughout that college season, I knew I was being watched," Jenny says, "I knew I couldn't be perfect, so I just tried to be very consistent and have fun. "

As a professional, Jenny relied on her focused but funloving attitude. "In a game, I try never to put too much pressure on myself. The more I concentrate on having fun, the better I play. " She says. "I have good and bad days, just like everyone else, but I know the sun will always come up after a bad day. So all I have to do is to adjust myself, either to the change of my inner feelings or to the change of circumstances. That helps me get through anything. "

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    Spiders are master builders, expertly turning silk into complex 3D webs that serve as their home and hunting ground. To gain a deeper understanding of their world, scientists have translated the structure of a spider's web into music, which could have applications ranging from better 3D printers to cross-species communication. 

    "The spider lives in an environment of vibrating strings, "says Markus Buehler, the project's principal investigator. "They don't see very well, so they perceive their surroundings by detecting vibrations, which have different frequencies." Such vibrations occur, for example, when the spider stretches a strand of silk during construction or when the wind or a trapped fly moves the web. 

    The researchers scanned a natural spider web to capture 2D cross-sections and reconstructed its 3Dnetwork using a mathematical model. They assigned different frequencies of sound to strands of the web, creating musical "notes" that they combined in patterns based on the web's 3D structure to generate music. Then they made a harp-like (像竖琴的) virtual instrument and played the spider web music in several live performances around the world, creating an inspiring harmony of art and science. 

    To gain insights into how spiders build webs, the researchers also scanned a web during construction. transforming each stage into music with different sounds. "The spider's way of ‘printing' the web is remarkable because no support material is used, as is often needed in current 3D printing methods," Buebler says. This knowledge could help develop new 3D printers that work like spiders, enabling them to construct complex structures without using additional materials for support. 

    The team is also interested in learning how to communicate with spiders in their own language. They recorded web vibrations produced when spiders performed different activities. such as building a web. communicating with other spiders or sending signals to admirers. "Now we're trying to generate signals to basically speak the language of the spider, "Buehler says. "If we expose them to certain patterns of vibrations, can we affect what they do or can we begin to communicate with them? Those are really thrilling ideas, and I believe they could be achieved in the near future."

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