题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：困难
江苏省南通中学2016-2017学年高二上册英语10月月考试卷
Celebrating Sleep
World Sleep Day, observed on 21 March, was created to bring attention to the growing number of sleep problems worldwide. Sleep is a natural part of human life, but many people in the modern world ignore its importance. As a result, sleep problems are increasingly common.In 2002, scientists at the University of Athens in Greece conducted a survey of over 35,000 people in 10 countries around the world, including China, Belgium and South Africa. Of the people that responded to the survey, 24 percent said that they did not sleep well, and based on their responses, 31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia(失眠) and another 17.5 percent were diagnosed with borderline(边界线) insomnia. In addition, 30.7 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a doctor for help with sleep problems and 11.6 percent said that they felt very sleepy during the day.
Overall, the survey found that many people suffer the effects of poor quality sleep, some examples of which are being unable to fall asleep and waking up in the middle of the night. The main factors causing these problems are pressure from school or work and a fast pace of life, but noise pollution and light pollution also interfere with sleep and contribute to poor quality sleep. The survey's findings are particularly troubling because large numbers of people were found to have difficulty sleeping at night. The short-term effects of this are tiredness and trouble concentrating. If this happens for a long time, the risk of gaining weight and having a heart attack may increase.
There are many things you can do to improve the quality of your sleep. First, you should have regular sleep habits. Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. You also need to make your bedroom a cool, dark, quiet place to sleep so that heat, light and noise do not disturb you. At night, you should also avoid things that contain caffeine, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and many soft drinks, as caffeine may keep you from sleeping.
Getting a good night's sleep is important for everyone. By following the advice above, you can rest better at night and work better during the day.
Topic | Context |
World Sleep Day | Due to ignorance of sleep problems, people observed Mar. 21, World Sleep Day, attention to the importance of sleep. |
Responses of the survey | ◆Of 3, 5000 people in 10 countries in the world, there were 24 percent of the people saying they didn't sleep well. ◆31.6 percent were diagnosed with insomnia and another 17.5 percent were on the of sleeplessness. ◆The of the people feeling sleepy during the day is 11.6. ◆30.7 percent reported to a doctor for sleep problems. |
Factors sleep problems and their consequences | ◆Under from school or work, people may have sleep problems. ◆A fast pace of life causes sleep problem as well. ◆Poor quality sleeps also from noise or light pollution. ◆There is much that sleepless people easily gain weight and have a heart attack. ◆Feeling tired and sleepy, people find it hard to concentrate. |
to take to improve sleep quality | ◆Have regular sleep habits ◆Make your bedroom cool, dark and quiet ◆Avoid things caffeine |
Every animal sleeps,but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} We know that, while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强)connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information —our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapscs become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before. B. Ti's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories. C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. |
A rejection letter is one of those letters that are not very easy to write.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. For example, organizations usually have to send rejection letters to applicants they cannot hire. So how to write a rejection letter?
Make the words professional and proper
What matters most in a rejection letter is the professional tone and wording. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Instead, your choice of words should make the reader feel that he or she would do the same thing if they were in your place.
Keep it clear and simple
{#blank#}3{#/blank#}. Nobody likes to read a long, winding rejection letter. Therefore, it is better to deliver the message of rejection in the beginning itself. Clearly state that you have decided to reject the request or application. Don't beat about the bush and don't try to give the impression that your decision could change{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Explain why your decision is good for everyone.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#}
Conclude with a statement of goodwill(友好). You may have rejected this application, but if you intend to consider this person for another job in the future, you may express that as well. However, that isn't always necessary. In some situations such endings might offend(冒犯) the reader.
A. End on a positive note B. Make your decision as soon as possible C. Never give away what you are going to do D. Briefly state how you came to your decision E. A rejection letter doesn't have to be necessarily long F. Don't write anything that may make the reader feel bad G. Although writing a rejection letter can be difficult, there are situations when it's absolutely necessary. |
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