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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

四川省成都七中2015-2016学年高二下学期英语开学考试试卷

阅读理解

    Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.

    Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't?

    To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科).Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.

    On the whole, Brooks's story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.

(1)、The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________.

A、illustrate where science can be applied B、demonstrate the value of Brooks's new book C、remind the reader of the importance of science D、explain why many writers use science in their works
(2)、According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?

A、Its strong basis. B、Its convincing points. C、Its clear writing. D、Its memorable characters.
(3)、What is the author's general attitude towards the book?

A、Contradictory. B、Supportive. C、Cautious. D、Critical.
(4)、What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?

A、Problems with the book. B、Brooks's life experience. C、Death of the characters. D、Brooks's translation skills.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    New Yorkers and visitors to the Big Apple will get to ring in the Lunar New Year,also known as Chinese New Year in the U.S.,in style with a fireworks display on the Hudson River set to music written by Academy Award﹣winning composer Tan Dun.

    The display is part of the second annual"Happy Chinese New Year:Fantastic Art China"festival held in New York on February 5﹣10,2016.The China Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA),the U.S.﹣China Cultural Institute and the Cultural Associate of the Committee of 100announced this year's events on November 18at a press conference at the Lincoln Center.

    The"Fantastic Art China"festival will feature a larger and more diverse series of artistic and cultural events across New York's top cultural venues (地点) and landmarks,including the Lincoln Center,Empire State Building and Jacob K.Javits Convention Center.

    This year's theme focuses on exploring the complicated relationship between sound and image,said Professor Yu Ding from CAFA,who is also president of Fantastic Art China and in charge of the festival's design.Lunar New Year,which celebrates the"Year of the Monkey"in 2016,is an opportunity to bring China's modern art to mainstream America,and the festival serves as  an innovative approach to establishing cultural exchange between China and New York City,Yu said.

    UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador Tan Dun's music is a new edition that will be featured  at several venues,including a major art exhibition at the Javits Center,events at the Lincoln Center and the fireworks display on the Hudson,which will take place on the evening of February 6.Five barges (游艇) on the river will launch the fireworks designed by CAFA that will tell a story about celebration and conservation.

    "We Chinese are fond of nature,so the best way to celebrate the Lunar New Year is to salute with the sounds of nature,such as sounds of water,stone and bamboo,"said Tan Dun at the press conference,"And it will be fun to use the music of water during the firework display."

    In addition to the fireworks,a special lighting show at the Empire State Building will illuminate New York City during the holiday.

    Chinese New Year is being recognized as a public school holiday for the first time in New York.Children from the National Dance Institute,which represents 75schools,will perform traditional Chinese dances at the Lincoln Center and the Javits Center.And,in celebration of the"Year of the Monkey"events will feature a conservation message about the endangered golden monkey in China.

阅读理解

    Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) . Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way -- by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years' experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.

    Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents.

    The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1, 600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study.

    As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.

阅读理解

    If you've been diagnosed with high blood pressure, you might be worried about taking medication to bring your numbers down. Chronic(慢性的) stress may contribute to high blood pressure. More research is needed to determine the effects of chronic stress on blood pressure. Occasional stress also can contribute to high blood pressure if you react to stress by eating unhealthy food, drinking alcohol or smoking.

    Take some time to think about what causes you to feel stressed, such as work, family, finances or illness. Once you know what's causing your stress, consider how you can rid or reduce stress. If you can't rid all of your stressors, you can at least handle them in a healthier way. Try to:

    Change your expectations. For example, plan your day and focus on your strengths. Avoid trying to do too much and learn to say no. Understand there are some things you can't change or control, but you can focus on how you react to them.

    Focus on issues you can control and make plans to solve them. If you are having an issue at work, try talking to your manager. If you are having a conflict with your kids or spouse, take steps to resolve it.

    Avoid stress triggers(诱因). Try to avoid triggers when you can. For example, if rush-hour traffic on the way to work causes stress, try leaving earlier in the morning, or take public transportation. Avoid people who cause you stress if possible.

    Make time to relax and to do activities you enjoy. Take time each day to sit quietly and breathe deeply. Make time for enjoyable activities or hobbies in your schedule, such as taking a walk, cooking or volunteering.

    Practice gratitude. Expressing gratitude to others can help reduce your stress.

    If you successfully control your blood pressure with reducing stress, you might avoid, delay or reduce the need for medication.

阅读理解

    I was a shy girl. I didn't even like to answer the telephone for fear I'd have to talk to somebody I didn't know. I enjoyed the loneliness of exploring nature. However, at school I had to spend all day in the company of others. My escape was reading. I spent a lot of time studying and was rewarded with good grades. My only failure was Spanish—I'd get all. As on my written work and tests, but Ds and Fs on the spoken part.

    Eventually I went to college. During my third year of college, I had enough of being shy and determined to change my outlook and behavior. One day while at school, I noticed an advertisement for positions on the local classical music radio station. I had grown up listening to classical music, and I could easily pronounce names such as Tchaikovsky, Albinoni, and Chopin.

    I had absolutely no background in radio, and absolutely no hope of getting the job. The idea of talking to thousands of listeners in “radio land” terrified me. However, I luckily survived the interview. I was given brief descriptions of symphonies(交响乐)and a public service announcement to read, and a list of composers' names to pronounce. It wasn't hard for me. I left the recording session(录音时段)with a sense of relief and a sense of accomplishment. About two weeks later I actually landed the job. It was a challenging job, but I grew to enjoy it greatly. I began to feel comfortable talking to people.

    Although I now spend many hours each week talking with people, I'm still basically a quiet person. Perhaps it is my soft voice and my quiet nature that helps draw people out as they respond to my questions as I interview them. My former shyness is a fortune, as I can relate to people who feel discomfortable when they talk to newspaper reporters. I still enjoy moments of loneliness and the peace found in nature. But I'm also glad I decided to make a change in my life that has opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed.

阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

The Amazing Penguin Rescue

    The summer of 2016, the ship MV Treasure sunk, creating an oil spill. Thirteen hundred tons of fuel oil were flowing right in the middle of the African Penguins' habitat. Soon the oil covered about 20, 000 penguins. Without swift help, the seabirds would have no chance for survival. Volunteers were showing up by the thousands and I also took part in what was the largest animal rescue operation ever.

    A warehouse was turned into a rescue center near the habitat and hundreds of pools were built to hold about 100 oiled birds each. When walking into the center, I couldn't believe my ears. I had expected to walk into a chorus of honking and squawking (叫声). Instead, the center sounded like a library. The penguins were dead silent. My heart ached for the painful birds. Cleaning them all seemed like an impossible task. But we had to carry on like doctors in an emergency room. There was no time for doubt. Cleaning oil off a penguin wasn't easy. Even with more than 12, 500 volunteers, it took a month to bathe all 20, 000 birds at the center.

    While volunteers were busy bathing the oiled penguins, another crisis (危机) was developing. Oil from the spill had started moving north. Tens of thousands of penguins were in the oil's path. But we already had our hands full with 20, 000 recovering birds. If any more birds were oiled, we wouldn't have enough resources to save them.

    One researcher came up with an idea: What if the penguins were temporarily moved out of harm's way? Experts decided to have a try. Volunteers rounded up the penguins and released them 500 miles away. The hope was that by the time the seabirds swam home, the oil would be gone. The plan worked! Another 20, 000 penguins were saved.

    The entire penguin rescue took about three months. More than 90% of the oiled penguins were successfully returned to the wild. Looking back on the rescue, I am still amazed by the work of the volunteers. What I could hardly believe was that we accomplished an impossible task.

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