题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
2016-2017学年黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷
If you need glasses to read this, you are among the majority of Chinese students. That's because most students in China are short-sighted which means they can only see things close up and distant things will be blurry. Four-fifths of high school students wear glasses and now more and more children in primary school need glasses, too.
This epidemic of poor eyesight has two very simple causes: too much time spent indoors studying and too little time spent outdoors playing. Reading and writing for hours and hours, sometimes in poorly lighted rooms, causes eyesight to weaken. But students have to do this because there is so much pressure on them to succeed in school. And because they spend so much time indoors at school and at home, they have less time to spend outdoors enjoying the sun.
The sun, as a consequence, is important in developing good eyesight. Exposure to daylight releases a chemical in the eyes that prevents, or at least delays, short-sightedness. According to a study by Ian Morgan of Australian National University, Australian children and Chinese children have the same level of eyesight before they start school, but once they enter primary school, Chinese children only spend about an hour a day outside, while Australian children spend three to four hours each day in the sunshine. The result is that while about 40 percent of Chinese primary school students need glasses, only three percent of Australian children do.
Wearing glasses may not seem like a big deal. For some, wearing glasses can even be an opportunity to make a fashion statement. But poor eyesight at a young age can have serious long term consequences. As you get older, your eyesight can worsen and lead to things like macular degeneration(黄斑变性), a condition of the eyes for which there is no cure and which can eventually lead to blindness.
With all that in mind, don't you think it's time to give your eyes a break? Try spending a little less time inside and go for a walk in the park, instead. It's the healthy thing to do and your eyes will thank you for it.
A.apply B.broadly C.complicated D.downside E.hardly F.neighbors G.overburdened H.pills I.re-labeling J.turning K.worse |
Britain appears to be in a mental-health crisis. In the past decade no European country has seen a greater increase in the use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药); now only the Portuguese and Icelanders are popping more of the {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Around 4.5m Britons were in contact with mental-health services in 2021-22, a rise of almost l m in five years.
There are a few reasons why Britons might be unhappier than their {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. One global poll found that teenagers in Britain were some of the loneliest in the world, with few supportive relationships and a low sense of purpose and meaning: all risk factors for poor mental health. Britain's poorest households are also {#blank#}3{#/blank#} off than their equivalents in France and Germany, for example, which makes them more vulnerable to conditions such as anxiety and depression. And Britain's health system can seem more {#blank#}4{#/blank#} than those in most other rich countries. In England alone, some 3.8 m are waiting for mental-health treatment.
Those factors might explain why more people are {#blank#}5{#/blank#} to medication. Another reason is increased awareness. Campaigns around depression and anxiety have been particularly successful in Britain. That is {#blank#}6{#/blank#} a good thing. A reduction in humiliation (蒙羞) has encouraged more people to seek help. Taking antidepressants – or using mental-health services — has become much more acceptable.
But there is a {#blank#}7{#/blank#} to this, as The Economist recently reported. Surveys suggest that Britons are increasingly {#blank#}8{#/blank#} common human emotions, such as stress and grief, as mental illnesses. "You're going to lose any sense of what mental illness is if you start to {#blank#}9{#/blank#} it to 30%, 50% of the population," says Adrian Massey, author of a book called "Sick-Note Britain".
For all the focus on anxiety and depression in campaigns, severe mental illnesses still receive too little attention. This is a problem: according to the GBD, Britain has the highest rates of severe mental illness in Europe. The causes of such conditions are unclear, but seem to involve a {#blank#}10{#/blank#} interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Illegal drug misuse, for which Britain has among the highest rates in the region, also plays a role.
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