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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

2016-2017学年广东实验中学高二上期中考英语卷

阅读理解

    In 1905, as part of his Special Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein published the point that a large amount of energy could be released from a small amount of matter. This was expressed by equation E = me 2(energy = mass times the speed of light squared). But bombs were not what Einstein had in mind when he published this equation.

    In 1929, he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would “refused to do war service, direct or indirect…” His position would change in 1933, as the result of Adolf Hitler's coming into power in Germany.

    Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb. Among those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner. But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power. So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did: Albert Einstein. After talking with Einstein, in August 1939 Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's signature on it, which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939.

    Germany has invaded Poland the previous month; the time was ripe for action. That October research of a-bomb began but proceeded slowly because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and unlikely. In April 1940 an Einstein letter, ghost-written by Szilard, pressed the researchers on the need for “greater speed”.

    As the realization of nuclear weapons grew near, Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could bring. He wrote to his friend about his fear about the future use of the a-bomb.

    The atomic bombings of Japan occurred three months after Germany gave in.

In November 1954, five months before his death, Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb: “I made one great mistake in my life… when I signed a letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made; but there was some justification—- the danger that the Germans would make them”.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。

(1)、What can we learn about Szilard and Wigner?

A、They were not as influential as Einstein. B、They were responsible for the invention of nuclear weapons C、They had cheated their friend Albert Einstein. D、They had an intention to destroy the world.
(2)、Einstein realized his mistake of ___________.

A、co-operating with his workmates B、inventing the atomic bomb C、publishing his equation D、signing the letter to President Roosevelt
(3)、We can conclude that Einstein ___________.

A、was important in the development of atomic bomb B、was not involved in the invention of atomic bomb C、directly participated in the invention of the atomic bomb D、helped with the invention of atomic bomb
(4)、Why did Einstein suggest making atom bombs?

A、Because President Roosevelt asked to do so. B、Because it was likely that Hitler would make them. C、Because it was not in favor of President Roosevelt. D、Because it was not necessary to do so.
(5)、The best title for the passage would be __________.

A、A Story of Albert Einstein B、Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb C、It was Unfair for Einstein D、How the Atomic Bomb was Invented
举一反三
阅读理解

    In the traffic lights,red means "stop",green means "go",and yellow means "hurry": Why those colors, though? Why not blue,purple,and brown?The following are transponded from others WeChat.

●Red is an inherited symbol from railroads

    Red symbolizes danger in many cultures,which makes sense,considering it has the longest wavelength of any color,meaning you can see it from a greater distance than other colors.Red has meant "stop" since long before cars existed,with railway signals use of red dating bake to the days when mechanical arms lifted and lowered to indicate whether the rail ahead was clear.So that one's simple.

●Green meant "caution" at first

    Green's role in lights has actually changed dramatically over time.Its wavelength is next to (and shorter than) yellow's,meaning it's still easier to see than any color other than red and yellow.Back in the early days of railway lights,green originally meant "caution",while the "all-clear" light was,well,clear or white.Trains,of,course,take an unlimitedly long time to stop,and legend has it that several disastrous collisions happened after an engineer mistook stars in the night horizon for an all-clear.Thus,green became "go",and for a long time,railways used only green and red to signal trains.

●Yellow means "caution" because it's almost as easy to see as red

    From the earliest days of motoring up until the mid-1900s,not all stop signs were red-many were yellow, because at night it was all but impossible to see a red stop sign in a poorly lit area.The yellow stop-sign craze began in Detroit in 1915,a city that five years later installed its first electric traffic signal,which happened to include the very first amber traffic light,at the corner of Michigan and Woodward Aves.

阅读理解

    Food is one of the necessities in our daily life. It serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between countrysides and cities within one country.

    Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.

    Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.

    Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.

    Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.

阅读理解

    One of the simplest and the most effective forms of communication involves nothing more than the movement of facial muscles. What am I talking about? Smiling! Everyone understands what a smile means, and everyone also understands what a frown means. In fact, these two basic facial expressions can be recognized across countries, across the world and across the globe, regardless of the language spoken or the culture lived in.

    Moreover, hugs are so beautiful! When you give someone a hug or someone comes up and gives you a hug, this simple act of a hug can “speak” volumes about how much you care for the other person, how much love you want to share with the other person, how much you have missed the other person. This hug has so much to say, and yet there never has to be any words spoken.

    And, who needs to say the words “yes” or “no” when a movement of the head says the same thing. These basic examples show just how powerful body language can be. Just knowing how to read and use body language effectively, makes it really easy to see why it is not always a bad thing to be lost for words.

    Body language in the world of love is a very common thing and sometimes the only thing. And, most of the time, body language is the very first words “spoken” before any words are. The old saying is “love at first sight”, not “love at first word”. Across a crowded room, their eyes meet and linger, he winks at her, and she raises an eyebrow. The connection is made without any words needed. These displays of body language say it all. In fact, sometimes they can say more than words can.

阅读理解

    About aspirin:

    Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.

    Who can take aspirin?

    Adults and children over 16 years of age.

    Who should not take aspirin?

    Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.

    Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.

    People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.

How to take aspirin:

    Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.

    The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.

    You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.

    How to store aspirin:

    Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.

    Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.

    Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.

    Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.

    Possible side effects:

    Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.

    Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.

阅读理解

    The man who walked into Dave Cutlip's tattoo parlor(纹身店)in Brooklyn Park. Maryland, in January was tough to miss. His face bore a gang(帮派)tattoo. The man sought Cutlip's help in covering up his violent past. He was determined to turn over a new leaf. "I could see the hurt in his eyes," Cutlip, 49, told The Washington Post.

    Cutlip couldn't help the man—the tattoo were too close to the eyes. But it got him thinking. Many young people get tattoos that hey come to regret. A few can mark them for the rest of their days. Then they're" always going to be a victim." said Cutlip." If I can help, that's my ultimate(最终的)goal."

    Inking over a tattoo costs hundreds of dollars, and getting one removed by laser(激光)is even pricier. So Cutlip decided he would help by hiding racist or gang-related tattoos for free. He put the word out via Facebook:" Sometimes people make bad choices and sometimes people change. We believe there is enough hate in this world, and we want to make a difference."

    One man, Casey Schaffer, showed up with the word "white" on one forearm and "power" on the other. He'd served a year in prison on drug charges, he told The Washington Post, and had joined a white group there because they" took care of me. I thought of it as paying them back." But employers would take one look at the tattoos and turn him down. So he had Cutlip obscure(使不分明)one of the words with a heat and roses and tattoo an eagle over the other.

    Cutlip has done nine such jobs, each of which took several hours. He told People that a client(顾客)let him know that he quickly found a job once his tattoo was obscured. Such victories inspired Cutlip to found the Random Acts of Tattoo project with three like-minded(志同道合的)tattoo studios from around the country, and now hundreds of clients are on a wait list. As he told National Public Radio." If we can just erase hate, then we're doing something."

阅读理解

    Food festivals are a common occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times. Whatever your taste, there's a food festival to match -no matter how specialized.

    Meatopia

    This three-day, London-based festival takes place at the end of August and is a meat lover's paradise. In addition to a range of meat products, from burgers to steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery shows, and attend informal meat-based workshops.

    Vegfest

    If you prefer a festival that will help you meet your five a day, then Vegfest fest is for you. This vegan-friendly event takes place several times a year. Here you can enjoy a wide selection of freshly prepared vegetables, learn cooking tips and hear talks on nutrition to help you make the most of your plant-based search.

    The Marmalade Festival

    Held in Cumbria, this festival has been running for 13 years. It includes a competition to find the best homemade marmalade. There are thousands of entries from over 30 different countries across the globe.

    The Ginger (姜) and spice Festival

    The Ginger and spice Festival, held in Market Drayton, celebrates its town's historic connection to Robert Clive, who returned from India with ginger. Because of this, they specialize in baking gingerbread, but also sell a range of spices from mild to hot.

    The National Honey show

    It started in 1921 and is the largest event of its kind. This three-day event attracts over 2000 participants to their traditional competition and offers lectures and workshops on beekeeping and, of course, that syrupy golden honey.

    While people's tastes are different from each other, the UK has something to offer most people. From large-scale festivities, to the smaller gatherings, one thing is certain: people are passionate about their food. And while some of the products on offer might be strange to someone, when food is given that much attention, it's unlikely to leave a bad taste in anyone's mouth.

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