题型:阅读表达 题类:常考题 难易度:困难
高中英语-牛津译林版-高二上册-模块6 Unit 1 Laughter is good for you
A life coach is somebody who helps you reach all kinds of personal and professional goals (目标) .Each of us has the ability to be our own life coach.Here are some tips for you:
♦ Pay attention to your relationships with others
Ask yourself the following questions: How do you deal with disagreements? When was the last time you showed your family members that you care for them? Your relationships with friends, family members and teachers show a lot about the kind of person you are.
♦ Face the fears about the future
Now, imagine that one of your good friends told you that he or she was not strong enough to go back to school. We often give better advice than we are willing to take ourselves.Remember that even the most successful people were probably told that what they wanted to do was impossible, but they followed their dreams and succeed.
♦ Develop your talents
If you want to reach your goals, you will have to spend more time developing the talents you already have, and uncovering any hidden talents that you haven't discovered yet.So you can take classes in subjects that you are interested in, even if you have no experience.
♦ Be thankful
Take some time to be thankful for the things you do have.Remember positive memories. Think of the best day(s) you have had in the past month or year.Remember special parties, vacations and holidays.Appreciate the wonderful people you have in your life.
“The gaokao,China's national college entrance exam,is winning more recognition as a way for universities overseas to evaluate Chinese students,”recruiting officers said.
Stanley Nel,vice-president of international relations at the University of San Francisco in the United States,who is responsible for the university's admissions from China,said he had had several inquiries from US universities about how to recruit Chinese students on the basis of their gaokao scores.
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) have long been two musts for students from other counties,including China,to apply to study in the US.
USF,a private university in California,started a pilot program to accept Chinese students based on their gaokao scores in 2015.The idea came from USF President Paul Fitzgerald's belief that standardized tests like the SAT are not very good predictors of how well students will do at the university."We are aware of the many criticisms that have been made of the gaokao,but it has the advantage of being what educational experts call a 'criterion-referenced' exam: It tests whether students are able to master a given body of knowledge,"he said.
Currently,at least four higher education institutions in the US are recruiting Chinese students based on their gaokao performances.The Illinois Institute of Technology,a private institution in Chicago,started the practice first,in 2009.Outside the US,countries including Spain,Italy,Singapore,France and Australia also recognize gaokao scores.
More than 200 students from China requested an interview with USF last year.74 of them were selected for a follow-up interview,44 received offers and 20 accepted the invitation and joined USF for the 2015 fall semester. Students admitted in this way have done "exceptionally well" in the past academic year,Nel added."The average GPA for all gaokao students is about 3.5 out of 4.For all other students—American and non-gaokao international students—American and non-gaokao international students—the average GPA is 3.2,"he said.
Zhu Zihao gained admission in computer sciences at USF in 2015 through the program and performed well in his first academic year.He said that students who had experienced China's gaokao usually had comprehensive basic knowledge,which helps them excel in studies.
Nel said,"students admitted through China's gaokao are not only smart but extremely conscientious(认真的)and hardworking."
"This year we hope to recruit about 50 students in this way,and even more in years to come,"he said.
The gaokao | ||
Past situation | Universities in the US evaluated Chinese students according to two{#blank#}1{#/blank#}: The Test of English as a Foreign Language and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. | |
{#blank#}2{#/blank#}situation | The gaokao is increasingly{#blank#}3{#/blank#}as a way of evaluating Chinese students by universities abroad. | |
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}of the people concerned | Stanley Nel—the person responsible for the university's admissions from China | ●Chinese students having received good scores in the gaokao performed academically well when studying in America. ●Chinese students admitted through China' gaokao are smart, conscientious and{#blank#}5{#/blank#}. |
Paul Fitzgerald—USF President | ●Despite the{#blank#}6{#/blank#}the gaokao has received,it has its advantages.It tests students'{#blank#}7{#/blank#}to master a given body of knowledge. ●Some standardized tests cannot{#blank#}8{#/blank#}students' performance at the university well. | |
Zhu Zihao—a student admitted to USF in 2015 | The{#blank#}9{#/blank#}of the gaokao is helpful for the performance at the university well. | |
Future situation | More Chinese students will be recruited by the universities overseas{#blank#}10{#/blank#}on their performance in the gaokao. |
Fighting the curse of presenteeism
"It's true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance?" Beyond a certain level, extra effort seems to be selfdefeating. Studies suggest that, after 10 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.
But that doesn't stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently applauded the "996" model, where employees work from 9am to 9pm, six days a week, as a huge blessing". However, to modern office workers presenteeism is a curse.
There will be days when you do not have much to do, just waiting for someone else to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more important, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.
If bosses do not like to go home before their underlings (下属)and underlings fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees5 performance, use time in the office as a measurement.
But presenteeism has more serious consequences. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study, these costs can be six time: higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. To take one example, research found that Japanese employees with lowerback pain were three times more likely to turn up for work than in Britain. As a result, those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. What could be more discouraging than being in pain while feeling trapped at work?
"None of this is to say that employers are not entitled to expect workers to be in the office for a small amount of time. Unavoidably there will be a need for some (preferably short)meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face develops friendships, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their common needs.
With portable smart phones and laptops, we can work at home as easily as in the office. Turning an office into a prison does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automatic. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
Fighting the curse of presenteeism | |
{#blank#}1{#/blank#} | Modern office workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. |
Contributing factors | •The staff think it may give them a(n){#blank#}2{#/blank#} to get a pay rise, or a promotion. •Employees' performance is{#blank#}3{#/blank#}in terms of working hours. |
Consequences | •Employees work less {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, some pretending to be busy. •More medical expenses have to be {#blank#}5{#/blank#} by employers for their staff. •Workers have a{#blank#}6{#/blank#}to be both physically and mentally. unhealthy. •It is of no {#blank#}7{#/blank#}to the development of creativity. |
{#blank#}8{#/blank#} of facetoface contact | •It develops friendships. •It makes a useful exchange of ideas {#blank#}9{#/blank#}. •It enables workers to {#blank#}10{#/blank#}each other's needs. |
Conclusion | To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh. |
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