题型：阅读理解 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
浙江省绍兴市2019-2020学年高一下学期英语期末调测卷
Jane Goodall was born in Bournemouth, England, on April 3, 1934. As a child, she had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. When Jane was about eight she read the Tarzan and Dr. Dolittle series and, in love with Africa, dreamed of traveling to work with the animals.
Finally, at age 23, she left for Nairobi, Kenya. There, Jane met famed Dr. Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey, who offered her a job at the local natural history museum. She worked there for a time before Leakey decided to send her to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study wild chimpanzees. He felt her strong interest in animals and nature, and her knowledge as well as high energy made her a great candidate to study the chimpanzees.
In December 1958, Jane returned home to England and Leakey began to make arrangements for the expedition (考察), securing the appropriate permissions from the government and raising funds. In May 1960, Jane learned that Leakey had gained funding from the Wilkie Brothers Foundation.
Jane arrived by boat at the Gombe Stream Game Reserve on the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika with her mother. The early weeks at Gombe were challenging. Jane developed a fever that delayed the start of her work. Finally, an older chimpanzee named David Greybeard, began to allow Jane to watch him. As a high ranking male of the chimpanzee community, his acceptance meant other group members also allowed Jane to observe. It was David Greybeard whom Jane first witnessed using tools. Excited, she telegraphed Dr. Leakey about her observation. He wrote back, “Now we must redefine 'tool, ' and 'man, ' or accept chimpanzees as humans.”
Jane continued to work in the field and, with Leakey's help, began her doctoral program without an undergraduate degree in 1962. At Cambridge University, she found herself at odds with senior scientists over the methods she used — how she had named the chimpanzees rather than using the more common numbering system, and for suggesting that the chimps have emotions and personalities. She further upset those in power at the university when she wrote her first book, My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees, aimed at the general public rather than an academic audience. The book was wildly popular, and her academic peers were outraged. Dr. Jane Goodall earned her Ph.D. on February 9, 1966, and continued to work at Gombe for the next twenty years.
The best books of the year
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Fiction | Simon &Schuster $26. | Asymmetry By Lisa Halliday The first section, "Folly," is the story of a love affair between a book editor and an elderly novelist. The second section, "Madness" describes an Iraqi-American economist who is being held up at Heathrow airport. In "Asymmetry," two seemingly unrelated sections are connected by a shocking finale. |
| Fiction | Viking. $27. | The Great Believers By Rebecca Makkai Set in the Chicago of the mid-80s and Paris at the time of the 2015 terrorist attacks, Makkai's deeply affecting novel uses the AIDS epidemic and a mother's search for her distant daughter to explore the effects of senseless loss and our efforts to overcome it. |
| Nonfiction | Random House $28. | Educated By Tara Westover Westover's extraordinary memoir (回忆录)is an act of courage and self-invention. The youngest of seven children, she grew up in Idaho, in a survivalist family lacking even a birth certificate (证明) and did not attend school until she went to college. The reward for her efforts Is a book that shows to a great thirst to learn. |
| Nonfiction | Simon & Schuster $37.50. | Frederick Douglass By David W. Blight Douglass wrote three autobiographies (自传）himself, describing his rise from slavery to a role as one of the greatest figures of the 19th century, but Blight's work is fuller than any of those, relating both the public and private life in a way that Douglass either could not or would not undertake. |
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