题型:任务型阅读 题类:真题 难易度:困难
2017年高考英语真题试卷(江苏卷)含听力
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Population Change
Why is the world's population growing?The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In 1900,people died at the average age of 30.By 2000 the average age was 65.But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.
Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the world's population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level(i.e.2.1 births per woman)and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up the loss(especially since80% of the world's people now live in such nations),but you'd be wrong, Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.
A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply? First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.
Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%,Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.Why is this occurring? Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet an above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends don't bend. Russia's population will be about the size of Yemen's by the year 2050.
In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total,25% of India's working-age population has no education. In 2030,a sixth of the country's potential work force could be totally uneducated.
One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010-2030,Moreover,the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.
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When was the last time you read a book or a magazine article? Do your everyday reading habits centre around updates on the Internet? In case you are one of innumerable individuals who don't make a habit of reading consistently(持续的)you may be passing up a great opportunity: Reading has a remarkable number of advantages and only a couple of advantages of reading are recorded below.
Everything you read fills your head with new bits of information and you never know when it might be useful to you. The more knowledge you have, the better-equipped you are to overcome any challenge you'll ever face. Additionally, here's a bit of food for thought: Should you ever find yourself in terrible circumstances, remember that although you might lose everything else—your job, your possessions, your money, even your health—knowledge can never be taken from you.
At the same time, the more you read, the more words you gain exposure to, and they'll surely make their way into your everyday vocabulary. Being able to express your ideas clearly in words is of great help in any profession and knowing that you can speak to higher-ranking people with self-confidence can be a great encouragement to your self-esteem(自尊). It could even aid in your career as those who are well-read, well-spoken, and knowledgeable on a variety of topics tend to get promotions more quickly (and more often) than those with smaller vocabularies and lack of awareness of literature, scientific advances, and global events. Reading books is also vital for learning new languages, as non-native speakers gain exposure to words used in context, which will improve their own speaking and writing fluency.
When you read a book, you have to remember a lot of characters, their backgrounds, ambitions, history as well as a variety of plots that weave their way through every story. That's a fair bit to remember, but brains are wonderful things and can remember these things with relative ease. Amazingly enough, whenever you remember something new, new synapses(神经元的突触)are formed and existing ones are strengthened. How cool that is!
No matter how much stress you have at work, in your personal relationships, or countless other issues faced in daily life, it all just slips away(溜走)when you lose yourself in a great story. A well-written novel can transport you to other realms(领域)while an interesting article will distract you and keep you in the present moment, letting tensions drain away and allowing you to relax.
You Should Read Every Day | |
Knowledge accumulation | ◆ The more you read, the more adequately it {#blank#}1{#/blank#} you for various troubles in life. ◆ Knowledge is what will stay with you {#blank#}2{#/blank#} . |
Vocabulary expansion | ◆ You can enlarge your vocabulary by reading, which may favour you in your job and make you {#blank#}3{#/blank#} when you talk with your leaders. ◆ Your rich vocabulary means you are a great reader with rich knowledge, which offers you a big {#blank#}4{#/blank#} over others in promotions. ◆ Words in context will help a foreign language learner use the language {#blank#}5{#/blank#} . |
{#blank#}6{#/blank#} improvement | ◆ You will try to keep in mind the {#blank#}7{#/blank#} of a book while reading and that is somewhat {#blank#}8{#/blank#} for your brain. ◆ The more you try to remember, the {#blank#}9{#/blank#} you will be at remembering. |
Stress reduction | ◆ An interesting writing will transfer your attention to its plot so that you feel {#blank#}10{#/blank#} and forget about your worries. |
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