题型:阅读理解 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通
云南省昆明市2020届高三英语“三诊一模”教学质量检测试卷
Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers (肝脏)live outside of the body for one week. At present, technology and methods are only able to keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. The new machine is able to keep the liver active by performing several functions normally carried out by the human body.
Scientists from the University of Zurich in Switzerland developed the machine. The researchers say the purpose of their "Liver4Lifb" machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other fluids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. It uses a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a replacement for a human heart. The machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste.
The research team began their experiments using livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, the team said it was able to get the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine.
They also discovered that the system can work to repair damaged livers. In one test, the team connected the machine to 10 injured human livers that had been rejected for transplantation by all European medical centers. After seven days of perfusion treatment from the machine, six of the human livers fully regained important liver functions, the researchers reported.
The success of this unique perfusion system, developed over a four-year period by a group of surgeons, biologists and engineers, clears the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine, helping patients with no liver grafts (移植)available.
Zero Waste Awards
Who should enter?
Entries(参赛作品) are welcomed from anyone who processes waste. While we expect
most entries to come from the UK, we welcome international entries, too. Entrants have been split into the following groups: private sector, public sector, community sector and partnerships.
What are the categories?
There're five categories which are based on the Waste Hierarchy(层级). We appreciate that companies will have different strengths within those categories as they work towards Zero Waste. The broad categories are: waste prevention, re-use, recycle/recover, energy recovery, general.
How do I enter?
Submitting an entry is really easy! Just follow these few simple steps:
1) Carefully read through the category information;
). Write your entry--it should be a maximum of 1,500 words and a word document;
3) Arrange your supporting material into a single document--maximum six pages long;
4) Complete the simple online entry form.
Important dates
While entries are welcomed all year round, these are key dates—this is to give the judges plenty of time to read through all the entries! These are listed in entry deadlines column below. Don't worry if you have just missed one of the entry deadlines, your submission will be automatically entered into the next session.
Entry deadlines | Judging dates | Awards presentation dates |
1st March | 12th March | 4th April |
1st June | 12th June | 4th July |
1st Sept. | 12th Sept. | 4th Oct. |
1st Dec. | 12th Dec. | 4th Jan. |
You can submit a maximum of two entries per year—six months apart.
Awards
We understand that working towards Zero Waste is an ongoing journey and as such the
Zero Waste Awards scheme offers organizations a structure to celebrate their progress along the way. The four awards are: Gold (76-100), Silver (51-75), Bronze (26-50), Highly Commended(0-25).
试题篮