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Black Friday

    Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday. The day after it has been known as Black Friday. It is the start of the holiday shopping season, and it has been the busiest shopping day of the year in the US since 2005.

Most stores offer big sales on Black Friday. They open their doors quite early in the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts (打折). Some items (商品)like TVs and cloths are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store.

Black Friday is a great time to go shopping. However, there are problem. The biggest one is that there are not enough low-priced items. Each store may only have a few. These items are in great need, so people stand in long lines to get them. They may wait three to four hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or computer, but not everybody can get one. Some people leave, disappointed.

    The situation makes people worried. Some Black Friday events have been crazy. There have been fights over toys among shoppers. Some workers have even been hurt by large crowds. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan to go, you will expect large crowds and a bit of pushing.

    So where does the name “Black Friday” come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it caused. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day “Big Friday”. It did not stick. The name “Black Friday” continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay.

   Now people all over the country take part in Black Friday events. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the UK, Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Mexico, stores offer a weekend of discounts every year. They call it “El Buen Fin”, which means “the good weekend” in Spanish. I guess people everywhere like to buy things on sale. 

      Many teenagers (青少年) feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite usual for brothers and sisters to fight with each other, and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.

      It is very important to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when teenagers are not with their friends, they usually   A   a lot of time talking with them on the phone. This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friends can discuss things. Today some things are difficult to discuss with their family members.

      However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents may even   B   their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?

      ·Who chooses your friends?

      ·Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?

      ·Have you got a good friend your parents don't like?

      Your answers are welcome.

    David found that he was a bit fat these days. He went to buy an exercise machine so that he could try to lose some weight(减肥).

    At first, he put it in the basement(地下室).But he did not use it often. He seldom went into the basement.

    Next, he moved it into his bedroom. But he still didn't use it very often. That's because he would only go into the bedroom when it was time for him to go to sleep.

    Finally, he moved it into the living room. He put the machine next to the window. His wife thought maybe this would finally work. He could exercise and look outside at the beautiful garden at the same time.

    After a week or so, his wife asked David how his exercise was going. He said, "Well, yes, I do a little more exercise these days. Every time I want to open the window, I have to walk around the exercise machine."

    It is necessary for children to help their parents with housework. But most parents may find it difficult to get their children to help with it, because children usually enjoy playing games instead of doing housework. However, I have some good ways to get my children to do housework. Here is an example.

    "Mum, what's next week's housework? Let Kitty and me choose the cards. I can't wait. It's interesting!"

    When my son, 7-year-old Tommy shouted, I began to put all the cards on the sofa. On the cards, I wrote some words like these, "wash the car, take out the rubbish, make the bed, do the dishes, clean the living room, sweep the floor, wash the clothes, take the dog for walks, water the flowers" and so on.

    Kitty and Tommy chose two cards for each day from Monday to Friday. Then they wrote them down on their notebooks. Tommy likes to take the dog for walks best while Kitty enjoys cleaning the living room. Soon the two kids had fun taking away all the cards. And I didn't need to worry about the housework again. Of course, on weekends, I usually do the housework myself and set the children free.

    Leonardo da Vinci (莱奥纳多·达多奇) was a famous artist who was born in Italy. He was also a great inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern life. Although Leonardo hated war, he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun, which was produced and used in war. Besides, Leonardo spent days thinking about how to save time. He developed ideas for something like cutting machines.

    Leonard was a strange man. He never ate meat. That was very unusual in those times ( 时代). He never published (发表) scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like usual writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left side.

    Only a few of his paintings are left today. Many paintings were not finished because he thought they were not perfect.

    Leonardo was talented and creative. He was regarded as one of the most intelligent men in the world.

A.

Cutting up the chicken Heating up the oil Putting in the chicken Adding some salt

B.

2 kg of chicken 0.5 kg of carrots 1 bottle of cooking oil 1 bottle of cooking wine

C.

Taking pictures Doing interviews Making a report…

D.

Starting a discussion

Making a decision

Telling group members what to do

...

E.

Washing the dishes

Cleaning the table

Sweeping the floor

Taking away the trash

...