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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

     "Earworms", some people call them. Songs that get stuck in your head go round and round, sometimes for days, sometimes for months. For no clear reason you cannot help yourself from humming or singing a tune by Lady Gaga.
      To a psychologist, the most interesting thing about earworms is that they show a part of our mind that is clearly outside of our control. Earworms arrive without permission and refuse to leave when we tell them to. They are parasites (寄生虫) living in a part of our minds.
      If you have got an earworm you can suffer an attack of it simply by someone mentioning the tune, without having to hear it. This proves that earworms are a part of long-term memory. Humans have an "inner ear", for remembering phone numbers, for instance. When it gets infected with earworms, rather than review our plans for the day, or lists of things to remember, the inner ear gets stuck on a few short bars of music or a couple of phrases from a song. A part of us that we normally do not have to think about, that should just do what we ask, has been turned against us, upsetting us with a request that we never asked for. The mind is an inner world which we do not have complete knowledge of, or have control over.
       Fortunately psychology can provide some advice on how to deal with an uncontrollable mind. Consider the famous "don't think of a white bear" problem, which tells you to try not to think about white bears, or to do something else, to avoid both thinking of the white bear and not thinking of the white bear. For earworms, the solution may be the same. Our inner ear has become infected with an earworm. This is a part not under our control, so just sending in instructions to "shut up" is unlikely to be of much help (and has been shown to make it worse). Much better is to employ the inner ear in another task. If your mind is poisoned by Brittany Spears' Toxic, for instance, then try singing Kylie Minogue's Can't Get You out Of My Head. Let me know if it works!

(1)、According to the passage, earworms are ______.

A、songs that keep going round in our mind B、worms that live in a part of our brain C、tunes by pop singers like Lady Gaga D、parasites clearly under our control
(2)、Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A、Singing songs may get earworms out of your head B、Earworms are used for keeping long-term memory C、Humans do not have complete control over their mind D、You won't suffer from earworms unless you hear the song.
(3)、What does “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A、The instruction to shut up your mind. B、Don't think of the white bear”problem. C、Kylie Minogue's Can't Get You out Of My Head D、Using the earworm-infected inner ear in another task.
(4)、What is the passage mainly about?

A、The causes and influences of earworms. B、What earworms are and how to deal with them. C、How to clear earworms out of your head. D、The relation between earworms and popular songs.
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    Could smells affect your lifespan? Female fruit flies (果蝇) without the ability to smell food live longer than other fruit flies.The sense of smell may be connected to the cellular ageing (细胞老化) process in many other living things  even people.Such connection has recently been found in both worms and flies.For example, scientists found that removing fruit flies' ability to smell made them live nearly 20 percent longer than flies with a sense of smell.

    They confirmed that food smells were the ones most likely to affect ageing, as nutrition (营养) and lifespan are known to be connected in many living things.To test the idea that food smells affect lifespan, they removed flies' ability to smell carbon dioxide, which is produced by some fly foods.They left the rest of the smelling system.

    This action had no effect on male flies, but the females lived 30 percent longer than normal.Removing the ability to smell CO2 may stop flies getting information about food availability.This could mean that food is not enough, causing processes that encourage flies to survive.Scientists found that the female flies from stored extra fat and that both males and females immune (免疫) to CO2 were stronger against the stress than normal flies.It is suggested that females may simply be easily influenced by the smells of CO2

    Scientists point out that people don't know whether ageing and smell are connected in animals and humans.But they clearly experience physical changes after smelling food.

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