Astronauts are not like pilots, who fly into sky. They need some special trainings. They will fly into space. First they go to the Johnson space center in Houston Texas. They are tested there. Space doctors want to know how strong and smart they are.

      First of all, their hearts are tested. The people walk or run. Next, the space doctors see how fast their hearts are beating.

      Then it is another important test. In this test the person must curl his body up in a ball. And when he is in that position, he will be put into a round cloth bag. The doctors don't tell him how long he will have to stay in the bag. If a spaceship broke down in space, the astronauts would get into bags like these. Then they would have to wait, curled up in darkness, until they are saved. You can know that an astronaut must not be afraid of tight spaces or darkness.

      After these tests, scientists only choose the best people to start astronaut training in a training center. They will learn many other things in training. They will learn how to jump out of moving airplane, to blow up a lifeboat and get into it while they are in the ocean.

They also have to learn how to get lifted out of the ocean by a helicopter.

      When they finish training, the astronauts go on to work. They stay in good situation by running and doing exercise. They read about the special jobs. In that way they will be able to learn new facts about space travel.

      Finally, the astronaut is told to go to work on a flight into space. The members begin to know each other first. Then they can learn which jobs each will do.

    The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication equipment(通讯设备). Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, people moved to another place. They are slowly polluting the whole world.

    Air pollution is still the most serious. It's bad for all living things in the world but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.

Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.

Pollution by SO₂ is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.

    The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.

    Birdwatching is becoming more and more popular in many parts of the world．

    Birdwatchers enjoy looking for and listening to different kinds of birds．To watch birds, all you need is a pair of binoculars, a field guide and love for birds．

    If you are just starting birdwatching, buy one of the cheaper pairs of binoculars．You can choose better ones when your needs and skills grow．A field guide helps you leam about the birds' appearances, calls and habits before birdwatching．

    When you are ready, it's best to go to the wild with someone who is more experienced．You can join a birdwatching group to learn about some beginning skills．A local bird club is ideal．

    Start birdwatching in the morning, when birds are searching for food．Most of the time, you will hear bird calls from all around you, but will not see any birds easily．Look for movement in trees, and bring your binoculars to your eyes．

    The most important work for a birdwatcher is to identify the birds he/she sees．A bird's shape, size, colour and habits can help a birdwatcher identify it．When you identify a bird, don't forget to take notes about it on your notebook．

    To find more and different birds, you may wish to plan trips to birds' different living areas： forests, lakes, rivers, wetlands, etc．

    When watching the birds, you should always keep in mind： respect wildlife and protect its living areas．

    Many people are trying to save the earth with special days like "Meatout Day", "Earth Day" and "Buy Nothing Day".

    "Meatout Day" is on March 20. Many people around the world don't eat any meat for one day. In this way, they'll get healthier and reduce greenhouse gases (减少温室气体).

    "Earth Day" is on April 22nd. Many people all over the world try to do something green on this day. In Italy, people don't use plastic bags. In Canada and Norway, people ride bicycles and don't use their cars. In the USA, people dress up like plants and animals to dance in Times Square, New York.

    "Buy Nothing Day" is usually on the fourth Friday in November. On this day many people don't buy anything. "Buy nothing" means "make no rubbish". When you make less rubbish, you can make a cleaner earth.

    Do you want to join them? Then you can remember these special days and do something green.

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