The Aborigines (澳洲土著) have lived in Australia for about 60,000 years. They painted pictures inside caves, and...

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The Aborigines (澳洲土著) have lived in Australia for about 60,000 years. They painted pictures inside caves, and these are the rock paintings that have given us so much information about Aboriginal life. For example, some of the paintings that are about 10,000 years old show men with boomerangs. From this we know that the Aborigines started using boomerangs for hunting at that time. Other pictures show kangaroos, so we know that there were kangaroos at that time.
The Aborigines believed that spirits made people, animals and plants, and that these spirits still live in the earth. For Aborigines, no one can own the earth—the earth belongs to the spirits.
In 1700, there were many Aboriginal groups with a population of 750,000 all over Australia, and there were probably more than 240 different Aboriginal languages. The groups did not have a leader. Instead, things were decided by the older men in a group. People from different groups often travelled hundreds of miles to meet each other.
Aboriginal life changed when an English boat arrived in Australia in 1770. Many Aborigines were killed in the wars that they had with the English. More Europeans came, and they started taking land from the Aborigines. The Europeans also brought new illnesses that killed the Aborigines. The result is that today there are only about 300,000 Aborigines in Australia.

（1）、The Aborigines painted pictures .

A、on animals' fur B、on the land C、on the tree D、on the rock

（2）、What do you think the Aborigines used boomerangs to do?

A、To paint. B、To hunt. C、To fight. D、To play.

（3）、The Aborigines thought were the most important on the earth.

A、people B、animals C、spirits D、plants

（4）、In an Aboriginal group decided things.

A、the older men B、the leader C、the English D、the Europeans

（5）、The number of the Aborigines is small today .

A、because their living condition was very bad B、because the English killed a lot of them in the wars C、because of the new illnesses the Europeans brought them D、because of the wars and the new illnessesB．because the English killed a lot of them in the wars

举一反三

   One thing that British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea. Today, when we think of Western tea culture, we often think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.
Afternoon tea
   People believe that an English lady, Anna, first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the English ate only two main meals each day: breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening. As a result, people often got very hungry during the long wait between these two meals. To solve this problem, Anna came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o'clock. This meal included cakes and sandwiches. And tea was served(供应) to wash down the food. In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used. Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions. Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life in modern Britain.
Will you come for coffee?
Coffee also has an important role in British culture. People often use the words "Will you come for coffee"to mean "Would you like to come to my home for a chat?"Normally, several different drinks such as tea, hot chocolate or a soft drink like orange juice will be served as well as coffee, and you will be asked what you would like. However, you will not normally be offered wine at a "coffee" party.
Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange
   In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. Businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as to drink coffee. In fact, the London Stock Exchange(伦敦股票交易所) is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.

      If we find a bird nest (巢), we will have a good place of watching and knowing about birds. Birds sit on eggs and take care of their babies from April to June. Because the baby birds are too young to leave the nest, parents often go to look for food and come back in several minutes. So it is good to watch birds. When we watch birds, we'd better hide ourselves in a close place to the nest, and it's better to use binoculars (双筒望远镜).
     But how do we make a bird nest? A good bird nest must be very fine, strong, thick and comfortable. If you want to make one, please follow these:
a) Each nest must have six boards (木板) for its cover and floor, for its left and right sides, and for its front and back sides. Don't make the boards too slippery (滑的).
b) Dig a small hole in the front of the nest as a "door". The "door" is big enough so birds can fly in or out easily.
c) Make sure the rainwater can't go into the nest.
d) One piece of the board should be easy to open.
e) Don't forget to colour the nest.

阅读理解

From a large elephant to a small mouse, animals live happily together in Disney's new movie Zootopia. Judy Hopps, the main character, becomes the first rabbit police officer in the city. While solving a mystery, she meets the smart fox, Nick, who helps her with her case（案件）, and some other animals like the lion mayor（市长）and a mouse called Flash. Here is something more about the movie.

There are 61 kinds of animals in the movie. All of them look like real ones except Judy, the first rabbit police officer. Its appearance is a bit different from real rabbits. Real rabbits actually have split lips（嘴唇）, but the film makers decided to make Judy's lip all together to look nice.

Film makers learned that not all fur（皮毛）of animals is the same. In the movie, some of polar bears' fur is clear. It appears white because the light reflects off it. Part of a fox's fur is dark at the root, getting lighter till its red top. They did so to make sure that the animals in Zootopia were believable.

Moreover, a film maker, Nathan Warner with his partners also took a trip to Africa for researching animals. There they had a close watching of different animals. According to their discovery, these artists added leaves to animals' coats like the big sheep. They also made animals' tears run from the inside corners of eyes down to the outside of the mouths.

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Do you know about any manners(礼仪) in England? How can you act politely when you are in England? This guide will help you to do things as the English people do.

Visiting a museum

There certainly are a lot of rules in museums. In most museums, there is no shouting and no running, and you must not touch anything or bring any drinks and food. You can't take any photos in some museums, either.

Standing in line

English people always wait in line in shops. If you don't stand in line, people will think you are impolite. At the bus stop, you must not push your way onto the bus. You need to wait your turn.

Meeting a new person

When people meet for the first time, the usual custom is to shake hands. The next time you meet that person, you can just say "hello". English people don't usually hug or kiss, unless they know each other really well.

Talking to people

To start a conversation, English people are always happy to talk about the weather. For example, you can start with" Isn't it warm today'?". This is much better than asking about age, politics(政治) or how much money people make.

Saying "Please, Thank You, Excuse Me and Sorry"

If somebody is in your way and you would like them to move, say" excuse me "and they will do it. If you are in someone's way, or you bump into others when you pass by, you should say "sorry". They will probably say "sorry", too, even if it is not their mistakes. So saying "sorry" does not always mean you are wrong. Sometimes it is just a polite thing.

Visiting a museum

Standing in line

English people always wait in line in shops. If you don't stand in line, people will think you are impolite. At the bus stop, you must not push your way onto the bus. You need to wait your turn.

Meeting a new person

Talking to people

Saying "Please, Thank You, Excuse Me and Sorry"

阅读理解

Almost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people can have as many as two or three different newspapers. But why do people read newspapers?

Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings, such as battles lost and won, kings or rulers(统治者) overthrown(推翻) or killed, took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by words of mouth. Today we can read in our newspapers of important things that happen in faraway countries at the same time.

Besides giving news from all over the world, newspapers tell us a lot of other useful information. There are weather reports, as well as radio, television and film guides. There are also book reviews, stories, and of course, advertisements(广告). There are all kinds of advertisements. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space (广告版面), but it is worth the money because news of what they make in factories goes into almost every home in the country. For those who make newspapers, advertisements are also very important. Money from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit(利润).

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