The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East. Some of these maps have1and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat(平的).As time went by, the pictures became more detailed and maps were more2made. Later on, ancient Greeks(希腊人)used their3of math and science to make maps. Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was 4.

    From simple pictures, mapmaking has turned into a science. Maps are made5 surveying(勘测)land. In the1900s, people around the world started to share information to make6maps. With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space, maps are now more exactly made than ever.7the world is always changing, we will always need new maps.

    There are many types of maps, but almost all use8and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made. A map usually tells what the pictures 9. Some maps may show the whole world. A road map will help you know the10from one place to another. Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places.

    We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (waste) some things.

    Electricity is one thing that we waste most. Lights, TVs, {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (radio) and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off {#blank#}3{#/blank#} we do not need them. It takes  {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (little) than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity saves money, because we do not have to pay for the electricity we do not use. The {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (two) thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious, so it shouldn't be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning {#blank#}6{#/blank#}a tap. I am sure everybody can do this {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (easy) if he wants to. Another big waste is food. My mother used to cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (food). She thought I was right and now cooks mainly what we can eat.

    It is not right to be wasteful. I find there is a simple way of not wasting things. That is {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (use) only what we need. Do not touch what we do not need. {#blank#}10{#/blank#}this way, we can stop being wasteful.

    English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, "Where there's tea, there's hope." Similarly, a Chinese saying goes that "Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessities to begin a day."

    Tea is, without doubt, welcomed all over the world. According to Statista, a German website for statistics (数据), global tea production reached about 5.8 million tons in 2018. It has become the most consumed beverage (饮品) in the world – after water, of course.

    According to the UN, tea is much more than just a hot drink. It's a big part of many cultures around the world. You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile, the British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country's identity. Making Malaysia's pulled tea has become a sort of art form, where drinkers take pride in its entertainment aspects.

    Apart from its cultural significance (意义), tea is also a medicine, used from ancient times to modern day. "Tea is cold and lowers the fire," Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist Li Shizhen once said. The health benefits of tea are still being discovered today: preventing heart disease, obesity and cancer have all been linked to drinking green tea, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information in the US.

    Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is more than a drink – it's a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way of life.

    Laughter is natural for people. We start to laugh at about four months of age. We start to laugh even 1 we start to speak.

    Laughter connects us with others. We laugh more when we are with other people. It's difficult to pretend to laugh. Laughter is 2. When people pretend to laugh, most people know it's not real.

    When do people laugh?

    Only 10 to 20 percent of laughter is about something 3. Most laughter is about being friendly with other people. Most laughter says, "I don't want to 4 with you. I want to be friendly with you." This kind of laughter brings people together.

    We often laugh when we feel nervous. In movies, there is often a joke at an exciting moment when everyone feels nervous. It is usually a(n) 5 joke, but we laugh a lot. Our laughter helps us 6.

    Why doesn't everyone laugh at the same joke?

    Not everyone has the same sense of 7. Some people think a joke is funny, but other people don't think so. People have different ideas about what is funny.

    Our idea of what is funny changes with 8. For young children, the world is new. They are interested in many things, so they laugh 9. Teenagers often laugh to protect themselves. Adults laugh at themselves and other people with similar problems. They laugh at things that give them stress. Our 10 for laughter change gradually.

Many social media posts(社交媒体帖子) may let you believe that everyone is happy all the time, but being happy all the time is not possible.

As a teenager, you probably expected to get good grades in an exam or to win the most important basketball game, but it didn't happen. Good results make you happy and bad results make you sad. But sadness can drive you to improve yourself next time.

However, when people get into sadness for a long time and it starts to affect(影响) their lives, it's called depression (抑郁). You don't want to get out of bed. You don't feel like studýing or going out with your friends. I remember the same feeling when my dog Rebel died in an accident. I remember that he followed me to school. Now he was gone, and I lost all interests to do anything.

My parents told me dogs don't live forever. What was more, Rebel had a good life. If Ihad a good life, Rebel must be happy, too.

Depression is not a person's mistake. It's normal to feel sad sometimes. Many great people, like the comedy actor Jim Carrey, once get depressed. But you should know what to do to stop depression or make yourself less depressed.

When you feel down, you must not keep yourself away from the world. Try to share your feelings with a family member or a good friend. Staying at home by yourself will make you more lonely. You should stand up, open the window, and throw away (抛弃) the sadness.

After a relaxing weekend, children have to go back to school on Mondays. For parents, they should do something helpful (有帮助的) to let their children get to school on time.

Let children take a good shower. It's good for children to take a shower before they go to bed. It can not only help them sleep well but also save time next morning.

Ask children to go to bed early. School starts at 8：00 a.m. So please let your children go to bed before 9：30 p.m. Your children should (应该) sleep for about nine hours every day. This is quite important because they have to get up early next day.

Make a good breakfast for children. Breakfast can help children study better (更好的) in the day. It can help students listen to teachers carefully (细致地) and think well in class. Also, it's good for their health.

Getting to school on time is very important for your children. So please help them. If you can do the things above (以上), they will study and live happily.