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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江西省横峰中学等五校2019-2020学年新高一英语竞赛班联考试卷

阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    Madame Marie Curie famously won two Nobel Prizes, but many other women have also been awarded the prize, too. Here are their stories.

    Selma Lagerlof

    Selma Lagerlof was a Swedish author and teacher. She published her first novel, Gosta Berling's Saga, at the age of 33. She was the first female writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature which she was awarded in 1909. Additionally, she was the first female to be granted membership in the Swedish Academy.

    Gerty Theresa Cori

    Gerty and her husband, Carl Cori, met in Prague and lived in Austria before immigrating to the United States in 1922, where the two medical doctors worked together at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in New York. In 1947, Gerty and Carl were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, making Gerty Cori the first woman to hold the honor.

    Maria Goeppert-Mayer

    In 1942, Maria Goeppert-Mayer joined the Manhattan Project. From there, she moved on to Los Alamos National Laboratory, then to Argonne National Laboratory, where Goeppert-Mayer developed the nuclear shell model. For this, she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Paul Wigner.

    Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin

    Dorothy Hodgkin's mother encouraged her love of science as a child, and at age 18, she began studying chemistry at a women-only Oxford college. Her work on mapping vitamin B12 earned her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964.

(1)、What is Selma Lagerlof noted for in history?
A、Her books. B、Her medicine. C、Her political works. D、Her teaching skills.
(2)、Who was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?
A、Selma Lagerlof B、Gerty Theresa Cori. C、Maria Goeppert-Mayer D、Dorothy Growfoot Hodgkin
(3)、When did Dorothy Growfoot Hodgkin win her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry?
A、In 1922. B、In 1942. C、In 1963. D、In 1964.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    While dog keepers realize their dogs can read their moods accurately,scientists have always been a little doubtful.Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna,Austria,we finally have some convincing evidence.

    For their study,biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face,while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.

    Interestingly,the dogs were not provided with the entire face.Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves.That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.

    After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions,the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face.The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.

    They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn.They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting,causing them to withdraw quickly.However,once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded,the trepidation seemed to disappear.In fact,the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" that scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.

    The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctl. Since the touchscreen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies-dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.

阅读理解

    A survey has shown that what you do on a plane can be determined by which nationality is listed on your passport.

    According to the results of an international passenger survey, Australians are the biggest drinkers on board with 36 percent choosing to down the hatch, compared to 35 percent of Americans and 33 percent of Brits.

    The Airline Passenger Experience Association(APEX) spoke to around 1,500 people, aged 18 and older, who have travelled by plane at least once during the last three months and were living in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, China, Singapore, Australia and Brazil.

    The results found Chinese travelers are most likely to nod off once the seat-belt sign switches off. They are also the first to take out their credit card for some in-flight shopping and the biggest fans of gaming. Americans on the other hand like to use their time in the air more productively—when not drinking—choosing to work while flying at 35,000 feet.

    Meanwhile, Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers—spending 50 percent more time than any other nationality. Comparatively, Brazilians conduct their conversations online via email, messaging apps or social media.

    Despite plane food having a bad reputation, seven out of ten interviewees said they were happy to eat up on the selection of in-flight snacks and meals. In-flight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers.

    The international flyers did however express their desire for better in-flight entertainment. “The industry has greatly improved the comfort, entertainment and on board service, and passengers are accepting those improvements” said Russell Lemieux, APEX executive director. “At the same time, passengers are demanding more from their air travel experiences which will drive more improvements touching all aspects of the journey. ” he added.

阅读理解

Revolutionary TV Ears

    TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment —maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.

    TV Ears patented(有专利权的) technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That's why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.

Doctor Recommended TV Ears!

    “My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television . As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”

    — Robert Forbes, M. D, CA

    Customer Recommended TV Ears!

    “Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on ! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”

    — Darlene & Jack B, CA

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阅读理解

    When the sun sets in Hong Kong, the city skyline comes alive. Billboard(广告牌)lights flash, and light up the crowded streets. The colorful lights from the tall buildings are one of the city's main attractions.

    “Oh, my god. The lights are so amazing. We love it. It's so nice.” said one visitor.

    But this appreciation is not shared by everyone in Hong Kong. Lat year then government reported a record number of complaints. The curtains may be drawn. But residents argue the bright light outside is hard to escape. “We receive some complaints about the light pollution. They find it very hard to sleep or they have disturbance from the light outside.”

    Scientists at the University of Hong Kong spent 18 months studying levels of light pollution and collecting more than 5 million measurements. They found Hong Kong one of the world's worst “victims”. The lights pollution condition in Hong Kong was extremely severe. Particular in cities, the night sky brightness, as well as the lights, is a few hundred times over the level of that of a night sky without light pollution. In cities such as Seoul, London, Shanghai and Paris, billboard lighting is under control. And there are punishments for people who go against the law.

    But in Hong Kong, there are no laws. A volunteer regulation called Charter of External Light(户外灯光约章)encourages visitors to switch off between 11 p.m. and 7 p.m. The critics say it's not enough to make a difference. The government says 4800 businessmen have signed up to the Charter so far. And it's satisfied that it's working.

    But not everyone is convinced and some residents are taking upon themselves to act. Zoe Chow led a campaign to have a commercial building switch off their midnight. She won but she believes the lights will eventually turn back on. “I know that the building has signed the Charter of External Light. But it is voluntary, not mandatory(强制的).

阅读理解

H.Y.B.ARTS CENTRE

WILD AT HEART

Running time: 127 mins.

Wed 6 -- Fri 8 February 6 pm

Tickets on sale 6: 30-7:30 pm

Director: David Lynch

Starring: Nicholas Cage, Laura Dern, willem Dafoe

CAGE and his girlfriend DERN are on the run through the dangerous Deep South. They are hiding from gunmen who have been hired to kill CAGE by DERN's mother. Victims, yes -- but they also have fun. Funny, frightening and brilliant.

DICK TRACY

Running time: 113 mins.

Mon 11 -- Sat 16 February 6 pm

Tickets on sale 5-6 pm

Director: Warren Beatty

Starring: Warren Beatty, Madonna

The famous detective tries to stop Big Boy and the Blank from taking over the city. A colourful and exciting film. Some parts are frightening, so think twice about taking children.

BATMAN

Running time: 126 mins.

Mon 11-Sat 16 February 8: 30 pm

Tickets on sale 7: 30-8: 30 pm

PIZZA PLUS offer 6-7 pm

Director: Tim Burton

Starring: Michael Keaton, Jack Nicholson

A few essential questions must be asked. Is Batman a mad hero? Why does Bruce Wayne spend millions dressing up as a bat? Has Nicholson's joker stolen the whole movie? Great action and excellent acting, especially by Nicholson.

TEENAGE MUTANT NINJA TURTLES

Running time: 93mins.

Mon 18 -- Fri 22 February 6 pm

Tickets on sale 5-6 pm

Director: Steve Barron

If you've eaten Teenage Mutant Hero Turtle pizzas and then cleaned your teeth with a Teenage Mutant: Hero. Turtle toothbrush we need say no more. If not, then get in on the craze and see for yourself. The man-sized turtles fight their enemy, Shredder in an action-packed story.

阅读理解

    A while back I caught a news report on something called couch surfing and the network of trusting souls who make this phenomenon possible. They offer to put up travelers free of charge and help them on their ways. At first, it sounded unbelievable. I mean, inviting strangers into one's home for one or two nights? Give me a break.

    However, I was intrigued. I decided to find it out. The only way to truly learn about this phenomenon was to dive in. So I planned a trip to Finland, a country I've always wanted to explore. I would couch surf at every stop there.

    If ever any anxiety existed when stepping into the unknown, it disappeared when my first host met me at the train station. Ari looked like my idea of a typical Finn: tall and blue-eyed. Finns were also supposed to be famously reserved (寡言少语的). Ari was anything but. He was a live wire, giving me a warm welcome and walking with me to his apartment, where he showed me the sleeper sofa, served me tea, and engaged me in warm conversations. He also handed me a key to come and go as I pleased.

    If this was what couch surfing was all about—trust and friendship—then I had gotten off to a good start. As I boarded my next train to continue my journey, I began to think about this couch-surfing idea. What encouraged these people to open their homes to strangers? I concluded that there was a desire to lend a hand to like-minded folks who might enrich their own lives.

    Seven cities in 14 days. Seven hosts. Seven new friends. If couch surfing taught me anything, it's this: Most people are good and generous. Where will couch surfing take me next? Who knows? But I can't wait to find out.

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