- 二一组卷

题型：阅读选择题类：常考题难易度：普通

浙江省台州市天台县2018-2019学年八年级下学期英语期末考试试卷（含小段音频）

阅读理解

As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as success.

Scientists have found out that the radiation(辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The harm of the radiation won't be found until their children even grandchildren are born. Some special medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far. Space rubbish is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. It's reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are spaceships, and the rest are space rubbish. An explosion(爆炸) in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000fragments, each at least 4mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and caused some damage(损坏).

Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working to deal with space rubbish. Although space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. People may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So scientists are doing everything they can to help improve the space environment.

（1）、How many kinds of dangers in space does the passage mention?

A、One. B、Two. C、Three. D、Four.

（2）、Which of the following is TRUE?

A、Scientists have found out many ways to solve problems in space. B、People can have a travel to space or even live in space in ten years. C、The harm of the radiation may be found in the spacemen's children. D、Space is really dangerous, so it only interests scientists on the earth.

（3）、______ shows the man-made things in space in the correct way.

A、

B、

C、

D、

（4）、The main purpose of this passage is to ______.

A、introduce what the space environment is like now B、warn us the dangers in the space environment now C、tell us spacemen are working hard to improve the space environment D、explain why space rubbish has caused lots of damage to the environment

举一反三

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why there are so many plants around us.

There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost all the trees around us are flowering plants. You can know some trees from their flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers. You cannot see many non-flowering plants around you.

If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are many kinds of plants. Some plants are large and some are small. Most of them are green. Thanks to the plants around us we can live on earth.

阅读理解

Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific advances will one day enable humans to last tens of years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life span.

“I think we are knocking at the door of immortality(永生),” said Michael Zeya, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. “I think by 2075 we will see it and that's a conservative estimate(保守的估计).”

At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Luria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said advances in using genes as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术) make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. “There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.”

However, many scientists who study in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.

Scientists also differ on what kind of life the super aged might live. “It remains to be seen if you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life?” said Leonard Pooh, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Centre. “At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”

阅读理解
    A desert is a very dry land where there is hardly any rain. In the day, it can be so hot that you could fry an egg on the ground. But during the night it is sometimes so cold that water would turn into ice.
    Many deserts are covered in sand. But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat. The Great American Desert has cliffs（悬崖）that have been made into amazing and beautiful shapes by the wind. The Sahara Desert in Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand.
    Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year in the desert. But there is water deep under the ground and some plants have roots that go very deep to find it. Other plants have roots that spread out a long way so they can suck up the rain as soon as it falls. One desert plant is the cactus, which has long, spreading roots. The cactus stores water inside its hard skin. This skin protects it from heat and cold. Camels are a bit like cactus plants! They store water too—inside their bodies. They have special fur which protects them from the sun during the day and keeps them warm at night.
    Some other animals live in deserts, too. They have to be very good at seeing and hearing because most of them only come out at night. This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears. A desert fox has bigger ears than a normal fox. A gerbil has huge eyes, so that it can see at night. It stays cool in the day by staying underground, like most desert animals.
    Some people live in the desert but they always make their homes near an oasis. An oasis is where water comes from an underground river. Near an oasis, people can grow lots of plants and keep animals.
    Life is hard in the desert, for people, animals and plants. But desert people like to live there.

阅读理解

Google and Toyota have worked together to create a new smart car. It can run on the road without a driver. It drives itself. The self-driving car hasn't been on sale to the public, so we don't know how much it costs. Another thing most people want to know is whether it will be safe enough to run on the road.

The self-driving car uses electricity (电) as its power, and it can't drive very quickly—the top speed would be 25 miles per hour. It is actually controlled by a computer system on the car. The system keeps on collecting information by some video cameras inside the car and a LIDAR sensor(激光达传器) on top of it. A computer processes the information and decides what to do. "The self'-driving car has only buttons (按钮) for go and stop, so it's very easy to use," an engineer of Google says. "And what's more, it will make car accidents fewer and make the world a safer place." The self-driving car has driven hundreds of thousands of miles in California, and it has only gotten into two accidents by human mistake.

According to CNN, self-driving cars will also help to reduce the number of cars in big cities. "Self'-driving cars would be able to send you to the workplace and then pick up another person instead of stopping in a parking lot."

阅读理解

	Will robots take over the world? It's hard to say. However, this one has already taken over the kitchen. It is the robot chef, Moley. It can make meals. British scientists made it.
	Look! There is no driver in that car. A computer controls it. The car has no steering wheel(方向盘), but it has cameras. The cameras can see the road. It can go 40 km in one hour. The American company Google made it.
	Look at this car. It's made of wood. People can use a remote control(遥控) to run it. An American artist spent more than 5,000 hours building it.
	Do you want a ping pong table in your room? But you may not have enough space. This door is here to help. It can turn into a ping pong table when you pull it down. It's from Germany.

阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

Uber (优步) announced that it plans to invest (投资)20 million in developing an aircraft in France over the next five years.

It will open a new research and development center in Paris﹣its first technology hub outside of North America. "France is a perfect home for our next step forward with its strong history of research and development, world class engineers and a unique role in aviation (航空) worldwide," Uber said in a statement.

Uber already has R & D offices in Pittsburgh, Toronto, and San Francisco. They focus mainly on Uber's self﹣driving technology, but have also been working on Uber's Elevate flying car program.

The Advanced Technologies Center in Paris will open later this year and only focus on flying cars. It will conduct research into airspace management, real﹣time communication networks, energy storage, and charging systems.

Uber's announcement, made at a tech meeting in Paris, has been supported by French President Emanuel Macron, whose ambitious economic reforms are to attract more foreign investment.

The company also announced a five-year research partnership with Ecole Polytechnique, a leading French institute of technology.

Uber has been working on its flying car program since 2016. NASA became a partner for the program a year later by developing air traffic management for a fleet of flying cars.

Uber expects flight to become a daily part of our transportation lives. The company believes it can offer rides in flying cars for about the same price as an Uber X ride. This technology may completely change our transportation lives in the future.

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