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题型:阅读选择 题类:真题 难易度:困难

江苏省连云港市2020年中考英语试卷

阅读理解

    We always think that it's OK for us to leave our plants home during our vacation as plants won't scream like pets, right?

    A recent study done by a group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University has discovered that some plants will scream when they are under stress.

    The research was carried out on tomato plants and tobacco plants by cutting their stems (茎) and depriving (剥夺) them of water. A microphone was placed 10cm away from them. When their stems were cut, the plants started "screaming" between 20 and 100 kilohertz, and the scientists guess that this scream is probably meant to warn other plants nearby.

    When the tomato plants' stems were cut, 25 ultrasonic (超声的) pain sounds were recorded in an hour, and at the same time, 15 ultrasonic pain sounds were recorded from the tobacco plants. When they were deprived of water, the tomato plants recorded even more pain sounds with 35 pain sounds in an hour while the tobacco plants recorded about 11 pain sounds.

    The plants also acted differently to different kinds of stresses. For example, the tobacco plants gave out a stronger "scream" when they were deprived of water than when their stems were cut. But plants that were in no immediate (立刻的) danger gave out less than one ultrasonic sound per hour.

    The group of scientists said that plants are not as quiet as we had always thought, but in fact their voices are so high-pitched that we just can't hear them.

    Last year, another study has found out that plants feel pain when they are touched or hurt and they will give off a terrible smell.

(1)、What have the group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University discovered?
A、Some plants under stress will scream. B、Plants in danger scream to warn others. C、Some plants under stress feel energetic. D、Plants in danger give off a sweet smell.
(2)、What was the microphone underlined in paragraph 3 used for?
A、Cutting the stems of plants. B、Depriving plants of water. C、Collecting ultrasonic sounds. D、Testing different stresses.
(3)、How many ultrasonic pain sounds did the tobacco plants give out in an hour when deprived of water?
A、11. B、15. C、25. D、35.
(4)、What can we learn from the passage?
A、Tomato plants acted the same under different stresses. B、Tobacco plants gave off a smell when they were safe. C、Plants not in immediate danger screamed most weakly. D、Plants that felt pain screamed loudly for people to hear.
举一反三
阅读理解

    ①What does the city of the future look like? Flying cars? Robots? Or smog(烟雾)-eating buildings?

    ②Arconic, an American company, has made plans to build a 4.8-kilometer-high skyscraper(摩天大楼). It says that the super tall building can clean not only itself but also the air around it by “eating” smog and pollutants(污染物). But how is it done?

    ③Sherri McCleary, s scientist at Arconic, says they have introduced a new technology called EcoClean. It is a special coating that pulls pollutants out of the air. With a little help from sunlight and water vapour(水蒸气),the coating will produce atoms(原子能)called free radicals(自由基). It is these free radicals that will take in air pollutants, break them down, and then leave the air cleaner.

④But “eating” smog and pollutants is not the only thing this skyscraper is able to do. In fact, thanks to 3D printing, the materials the building used will become even better and stronger—not only making the skyscraper look more modern, but also make it possible to stand strong winds and terrible weather.

    ⑤However, some people don't think it will work out well. Air pollution has its own character and it harms lots of cities. Does the smog-eating building have such a magical ability to stop the pollution? It seems impossible to bring the pollution under control in a short time. We should prepare ourselves for a hard fight against the pollution.

    ⑥Sounds impossible? Anyway, Arconic believes a skyscraper of this kind will be built by 2062.

阅读理解

    It took 13 years of international effort to map the human biological blueprint of all the genes (基因) that make us different people. The first rough draft (草图) made in 2000. The last of our 23 chromosomes (染色体) was clearly described in 2006. Ever since then, the age of personal genetic testing has been upon us. Since that time, a growing number of private companies have come on the market mostly through the Internet, offering to scan your personal DNA and compare it to some disease markets of the blueprint, called DTC genetic tests.

    But over the last five years the medical world has been discussing excitedly about whether these DTC tests are helpful or harmful, scientifically believable or completely useless. One of the usual criticisms (批评) is that the science is so new that no one really knows yet how to explain the information.

    "At present they largely remain in the period of research studies," notes Dr. Greg Ferro, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute. Ferro says there are two reasons." The first is that when they offer a test, are they really checking what they should check? And then the next is that even if it is believable, does what the test is checking really mean anything to your health?"

    Other worries include the privacy of the results and how your personal genetic information might be used by insurance (保险) companies to refuse your insurance or your boss to dismiss you. Or you could learn information with a huge social or personal impact (冲击), such as finding out that genetically you cannot possibly be the father of your child. It can also give you risks that may break your life, such as whether you are at high risk of cancer, Parkinson or other terrible diseases.

    Criticisms over the tests are such that some countries, such as Germany, have banned them. In 2011, some scientists advised the US government that most tests should be done under the guidance of medical professionals (专家). The UK government also expressed its worries about DTC genetic tests and in August 2010 made a set of rules to guide the development of genetic tests.

    In 2011, three medical researchers published a review article in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, saying that such tests offered more risks than benefits. The most important reason is that the tests might create worries or unreal results or drive unnecessary medical treatments. They also noted some of the genetic information the tests are based on at present is far from being perfect.

 请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about what they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the accidents at school? Take a look.

Stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school.

{#blank#}2{#/blank#} When students around you begin to push (推), just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around.

When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, and powerlines (电线).

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} It's better to put something over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won't breathe (吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them cough and they can't breathe. That's very dangerous! {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Then you can breathe some fresh air.

A. Humans are very afraid of accidents.

B. It'll protect you from falling things.

C. When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly.

D. A stampede always happens in crowded places.

E. We should ask for help.

F. In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now.

G. So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor.

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