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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

四川省成都市双流中学2018-2019学年高二下学期英语6月月考试卷

阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

    Many languages are disappearing and languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. Yet Maori promises to have a rosy future given that New Zealanders are showing great enthusiasm for speaking this local language.

    A "Maori renaissance (复兴)" blossomed in the 1970s as language activists championed their cause and Maori fought for greater political power. But until 2013, just 3.7 percent of New Zealanders spoke the language fluently, and many predicted it would soon die out. Now New Zealand's government is erasing prejudice and struggling to increase the percent of population who can speak basic Maori by 2040 to 20. Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem said last month that her newborn daughter would learn both Maori and English. "It's an official language, so why should we dismiss its universal availability and its much more common use?" said Ms. Ardem, adding that she also planned to study the language. Grassroots are also spreading it by word of mouth Answering the phone with the greeting "kiaora" (hello) or ending an email withunga mihi' (thanks) has become a fashion. Maori is gradually becoming part of New Zealand's mainstream popular culture.

    Ajit Kumar Samah, a famous professor in Auckland University, published a book—Coniagious: why Maori catches on, where he introduces readers to the popularity of Maori and expresses his great anxiety for the lack of teachers who have the competence to teach the Maori language.

    People are not on the same wavelength, however. Suggestions on officially replacing English-language place names with traditional Maori ones have been rejected. So when a police car was designed using Maori, it was condemned by some as ridiculous because of the higher Maori rates of arrest and imprisonment.

(1)、How does the author introduce the topic?
A、By providing useful data. B、By making a comparison. C、By applying famous sayings. D、By offering good tips.
(2)、What do we learn from the second paragraph?
A、The Maori language threatens the rise of English. B、There will be 20% fluent Maori speakers by 2040. C、Ardem is openly supportive of learning Maori. D、People withdraw from the act of speaking Maori.
(3)、What can we know about Ajit Kumar Samah?
A、He popularizes the use of Maori. B、He sees Maori as an unofficial language. C、He rejects the replacement of English with Maori. D、He advocates training competent Maori teachers.
(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?
A、The Brought-to-life Maori Language B、To Speak or Not to Speak Maori C、Haw to Have Great Fluency in Maori D、The Evolution of the Maori Language
举一反三
阅读理解

    It was a quiet village in which there was a military camp(军营). It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. But it was difficult for the young men to go outside. Mr. White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.

    Once Mr. White was ill in bed. He couldn't work and a young officer, Mr. Hunt, began to train the new soldiers instead of him. He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday. But night fell and none came back to the camp. He was worried about it and stood at the gate. It was five to twelve when Mr. Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening with the young men. He started the car quickly and set off. At that moment the nine soldiers came back. It seemed they were all drunk. Of course they found the officer was angry.

    "I'm sorry, sir," said the first soldier. "I left the town on time. But something was wrong with my bus on my way here. I had to buy a horse and made it run fast. Bad luck! It died and I had to run back."

    And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reasons. It was the last soldier's turn. He said, "I'm sorry, sir. I got on a bus on time, but…"

    Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once. He called out, "If you say something was wrong with your bus, I'll punish you at once!"

    "No, no, sir," said the young man. "My bus was all right, but the dead horse were in its way!"

阅读理解

    If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be simple—eat the same food as they do.Psychologists have discovered managers are much more likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them.

    During experiments, discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if both sides chose to snack on the same treats.And shoppers were much more likely to buy a product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time.

    The reason is thought to be so­called similarity attraction theory—where people tend to like others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves.But this is believed to be one of the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship.Researchers at Chicago University in the US conducted a series of experiments to examine food's role in earning trust.

    In a test, participants were told to watch TV—where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a certain product.The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble, while the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.

    The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.

    The researchers added, “Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such.They feel more trusting of those who consume as they do.It means people can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop a bond, leading to smoother transactions from the start.”

    Harley Street psychologist Dr.Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similar clothes could instantly create trust.But this was the first report that food had the same effect.She said, “This is really interesting.It makes sense as people feel they have common ground and can trust the other person.That means negotiations are more likely to be successful.”

阅读理解

    If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.

    Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China's Gansu Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.

    Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.

    In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. “The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed,” she said.

    Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. “Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can't completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last.”

    Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt.  “I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I'm full of guilt,” she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.

阅读理解

    We tend to think of our dreams as being uniquely personal­nighttime stories built from our own experiences that help us process our day-to-day lives. While dreams can give us a look into our personal selves, scientists have collected data that suggests dreams make their way into our cultural fabric(结构), showing themselves in ways that shape beliefs and expose collective anxieties.

    Roger Ivar Lohmann of Trent University conducted research with the Asabano people of the rainforest of Papua New Guinea, a unique group who didn't have outside contact until 1963. His studies looked at how dreams shape their beliefs and actions.

    According to Lohmann's research, dreams act as a sort of motivator or determinant of Asabano behavior. For instance, a dream may affect the way a person hunts or goes about treating medical conditions. The way dreams determine behavior is due to what Lohmann calls the "night residue" effect. This means that specific memories of dreams can affect the way a person acts when awake and inform their belief system.

    Dreams also seem to have an effect on the way many define themselves within their own cultures, and how sometimes reaching a distinct definition can cause anxiety.

    Matt Newsom of Washington State University spoke with college students in Berlin, and found many students had dreams surrounding conflicting views about their own identities(身份) in relation to what they saw as a return of German nationalism, which is a sensitive subject especially when we think of German identity as it's defined even many years after World War Ⅱ.

    Many students had dreams that centered around anxieties like "Where do I belong?" Many students never talked with one another about identity struggles in their dreams, yet many reported having such dreams. Newsom noted that dreams can be helpful "for identifying (识别) unspoken social and historical anxieties present in a given society."

    All of this research suggests that dreams can do more than help explain the thought of a person; we can learn about entire cultures and collective attitudes as well.

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