Hiram Fong grew up in Honolulu, Hawaii. He began picking beans when he was only four years old to help support his family. Fong also sold newspapers, shined shoes, and worked as a golf caddy when he was a boy. A golf caddy is a person who carries a player's golf clubs.

    Fong began working in Hawaii's government in 1938. At that time, Hawaii belonged to the United States, but not a state. Fong believed that Hawaiians should be able to take part in making laws for the United States government, just as other Americans could. Fong said Hawaii should be a state of the United States. In 1959, Hawaii became the fiftieth state, and Fong was chosen as one of Hawaii's first two senators (参议员). He became the first Asian-American in the United States Senate.

    As a senator, Hiram Fong supported equal (平等的) rights. For example, he wanted the laws about immigrants (移民) to be fairer. He wanted to improve conditions for workers in factories and businesses. He also believed that women and men should be paid the same for doing the same job. In a lifetime of hard work, Fong found more than personal success. His work helped millions of people.

    Cars are very important in the life of the Americans. ⑴Without a car, most American people would feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor, he doesn't really feel poor when he has a car. ⑵Henry Ford was the man who started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn't know how much cars would affect the American culture. Cars have made the United States a nation on wheels. And ⑶it has helped to make the United States what it is today.

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    With more and more cars on the road, traffic jams (堵车) are inevitable. Traffic jams can lead to more accidents as there are more cars, with more people trying to get to their destination, all the while getting worse. Although it's impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether, there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road.

    Check for traffic jams before you leave. You can listen to the radio for traffic news, or check on the Internet to get up-to-minute information on traffic. If the route you want to take is heavy with traffic, you can choose another.

    Look for a different route all the time. Most traffic jams happen on busy roads. Using country roads could avoid a lot of traffic. Although the distance you may have to travel is further, it can work out quicker.

    Set your car radio to receive traffic bulletins. Many new car stereo systems (汽车音响系统) are equipped with a radio system by which you can hear the traffic channel. This way you can get the latest traffic information and change your journey if necessary.

    __________. Most traffic jams usually occur(发生) during rush hour, so try to avoid this time period if possible. Some jobs offer flexible working hours so that you can travel to work outside of rush hour. Some jobs even allow you to work at home so as to avoid moving altogether. Ask your manager to see what you can do if traffic is a problem for you.

    Use public transport instead. The easiest way to avoid traffic jams is to take buses or the underground instead of driving your own car. Not only will you avoid traffic jams but you will most likely be saving money.

    Playgrounds offer kids fresh air, friends, and exercise. However, each year, more than 200,000 kids go to hospital because they are hurt in one way or another when playing on the playground. So what can we do to improve the situation(状况)?

    We should make sure the playground is safe for the children. It should be soft and thick enough, so when the children fall, they won't hurt too much. Things like water, rocks or broken glass might cause danger to the kids. Cleaners should check the playground from time to time and clear away these dangerous things. In fact, children themselves also need to help keep the playground clean and safe. That means each time after playing they should pick up the rubbish they've produced. If someone finds there is something wrong with the equipment(设施), he should report to the keeper of the playground, so people will come to fix it.

    Teaching kids how to play safely is also very important. Kids should know the rules of the playground, so they won't get hurt easily. For example, they should never push when others are on seesaws or swings. If someone is going to jump off some equipment, he should first look down to make sure no other kids are in the way. Of course, wearing right clothes may also help to keep safe. Clothes with strings (绳) can get caught on equipment which may hurt the kid badly.

    In short, our kids can both enjoy themselves and be safe if we are working together to improve the situation.

    Arctic fox (北极狐) is a kind of small fox that lives in the Arctic. It grows about 50 centimeters (厘米) long, not including its tail, 30 centimeters tall and weighs from 3 to 7 kilos.

    The Arctic foxes are white or blue in color. The white ones are white in winter, but gray-brown in summer. The blue ones are blue-gray all year round. The Arctic foxes have long, thick hair that is called fur (毛皮). And the long fur covers their whole bodies, including both their cat eyes and rabbit feet, to keep them warm in the low temperature in the Arctic.

    The Arctic foxes feed mainly on birds, birds' eggs and other small animals. Teamwork is the way they look for food, and they don't like to do that alone.

    Baby Arctic foxes are very lovely. They don't open their eyes until a week after their birth. For the first half of the year, their parents offer them food. They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old. The next year they can live alone.

    Today the number of the Arctic foxes is becoming smaller and smaller, because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats for money. Something must be done to protect the Arctic foxes.

   Eileen Collins is the first woman ever chosen to be a spaceship pilot. She is also the first woman to be a leader in a spaceship. Today she has flown for more than 5,000 hours in more than 30 kinds of airplanes.

   Talking about high school, she said, "I began reading all kinds of books about famous women pilots. These women went and flew into dangerous places. Their stories encouraged me." In 1977 Eileen got a pilot's license (证件) and the following year she finished her university. She went into space in 1999 at the age of 43. She took the hopes with her and dreams of a nation of young people on the earth.

   Eileen is not only an astronaut, but also a wife and the mother of a young daughter. She has short curly hair and friendly brown eyes. She met her husband, Pat, while they were together in the air force (空军).

   When she was named as the First Woman Spaceship Commander (指挥官) in 1998, Eileen smiled and said, "When I was a child, I dreamed about space. It was only a dream that I would be one of the astronauts some day. I hope all children will be encouraged to reach for their dreams, when they see I go into space. I believe dreams do come true!"