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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

江苏省常州“教学研究合作联盟”2018-2019高二下学期英语期中考试试卷

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

    An inferiority complex(自卑情结) as the name suggests is a complex in which an individual has strong feelings of inferiority. While we all have weak points, the person with an inferiority complex will focus on these weaknesses and use them to evaluate their overall worth. As a result, they see themselves generally less important or successful than others.

    In some cases inferiority complex can lead to overcompensation. Here the individual does everything in his power to overcome his inferiority and this can mean that they end up in highly successful jobs, gaining great wealth and succeeding in powerful relationships. However while such a person might be a high achiever, a sense of inferiority will mean that they will always be less happy than they could be and it may have other negative impacts on their life.

    Another possible outcome of an inferiority complex is that the individual ends up backing down from difficult situations and acting without any sense of worth or entitlement(权利). Here the person's low self belief changes the way he behaves, and that in turn changes the way he is treated by others which in turn results in him actually becoming inferior in some ways.

    There are many factors that may lead to inferiority, but they tend to be the result of conditioned beliefs that come from continuous failure or criticism. Often parental attitudes can result in an inferiority complex if the child did not receive the right encouragement or unconditional love when growing up. In some cases an inferiority complex could also arise as a result of some kind of defect(缺陷) either physical or mental.

    If you are suffering from an inferiority complex, it's time that you did something about it.

    One of the very best ways to improve your self esteem is to find a loving partner. This is a great way to make you more confident as he or she will love you for who you are and always be there to support you and increase your confidence. Another is to take up a hobby. Find one thing that you are good at and then get your confidence from that. For instance, you might choose to take up a sport or woodwork, and then you can practice getting better at that and gain more confidence. Moreover, you can turn to self-help book. If you find the right books and follow the advice carefully, then it is possible to transform the way you view yourself and the way you present yourself.

Concept of an inferiority

complex

An inferiority complex refers to a of self-worth and a mental state where people think they are not as good as others.

Outcomes of an inferiority complex

● People with an inferiority complex may misjudge their value and consider other people to themselves.

● People with an inferiority complex are likely to spare no to fight inferiority and becomes a higher achiever finally, but they may still feel less happy.

● An inferiority complex can lead people tofrom difficult situations and act improperly.

of an inferiority complex

● People who often lose out or are blamed continuously are more to suffer from an inferiority complex.

● Children having no to unconditional parental love and proper encouragement tend to have an inferiority complex.

● Physical or mental disabilities can increase the chances of an inferiority complex.

Suggestions on overcoming an inferiority complex

● Find a loving partner who will always love you and be around to you, which helps you be more confident.

● Choose something you are in and practise it for better, thus getting your confidence developed and increased.

● Find the most suitable self-help books and do as they advise, and you can change you view and represent yourself.

举一反三
请阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

    The loss of handwriting in our high-tech world saddens me. People of all ages openly admit their handwriting is becoming worse as keyboards replace pen and paper. Increasingly, schoolchildren deal with assignments on computer and struggle to write, having had little practice. I am of the generation that learnt to write with a dip pen in kindergarten and a fountain pen in high school; by the time I reached university, like everyone else, I used a functional ballpoint. Handwriting has filled every aspect of my life since I was first taught to shape letters on the lined pages of my exercise books.

    From the age of 12, I have kept a handwritten journal, recording my thoughts and feelings regarding both the significant and boring aspects of my life. Through this daily practice I connected with myself, explored experiences and found a way to interpret and make sense of my relationships. Although I rarely reread my written material, the process of writing has remained with me as a means of processing my feelings and filtering(过滤))my experiences.

    Yet today, handwritten letters are as rare as a red panda. Few of us write letters any longer, even to those to whom we are close. We communicate differently when we e-mail or text, both methods characterised by speed and informality. The deep thinking, which accompanied a handwritten letter, is almost entirely absent. We may be communicating more frequently and with more people, but the depth and quality of our communication has reduced.

    Sadly, modern technology tends to be temporary. Few of us keep old e-mails or even print them out, so a sense of history and memory is lost. Archivists(档案管理者)report that more information has been lost in the past decade than in the previous 150 years. It is too easy to press the delete button.

    In many other areas of records, material is now in the digital format. Yet saving material in a digital format only is extremely unstable. How it will survive the future remains a problem.

    In this digital world of text, e-mails and instant messaging, the perceived value of writing is no longer obvious and the case for retaining the practice of writing needs to be made. Should we save the humble pen and paper when laptops and mobiles are functional, universal and unstoppable? Should children continue to be taught to write with a pen and paper?

    With its passing, a good mode of self-expression is being lost. I invite readers to engage with handwriting and become aware of this special skill that has created civilization for centuries.

Paragraph outline

Detailed information

The current{#blank#}1{#/blank#} of handwriting   

▲    Students {#blank#}2{#/blank#} to computers to complete their homework.

▲    With little practice, students have{#blank#}3{#/blank#} writing.

▲    We seldom write letters even to people we are close to.

The author's link with handwriting

▲    The author{#blank#}4{#/blank#} himself to handwriting from kindergarten to university.

▲    The author kept {#blank#}5{#/blank#} of his thoughts and feelings by keeping writing journals.

▲    The author also takes {#blank#}6{#/blank#} of writing to process his feelings and filtering his experiences. The {#blank#}7{#/blank#} with modern communication methods

▲    There is an{#blank#}8{#/blank#} of depth and quality in e-mails and texts.

▲    The temporariness of modern technology tends to give {#blank#}9{#/blank#} to the loss of some history and memory.

▲    Saving materials only in a digital format is not very stable.

▲    A style of self-expression is being lost.

The author's {#blank#}10{#/blank#} to people for handwriting  

Write as much as possible and realize the importance of this special art.

任务型阅读

    Whether you're a child, teenager, young adult or are middle-aged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}No matter your age, there are 5 ways to show respect.

    ● Respect their belongings.

    One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewelry or other valuable things. For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent's belongings is a violation of personal boundaries.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}And never borrow things without asking first. 

    ● Punctuality .

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew(宵禁).Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you're going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.

    ● {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honor your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don't expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated .A phone call from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.

    ● Be kind.

    Kind words and affection are simple ways to show respect. Tell your parents you love them. Listen and allow your parents to speak without interruption. Show a sincere interest in what your parents have to say. Be patient with your parents and don't rush them. Never talk back or be rude or disrespectful. Acknowledge your parents' achievements.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Be a good listener.

B. Celebrate with them.

C. Lateness indicates a lack of respect.

D. Treat your parents the way you would like to be treated.

E. And they love you unconditionally throughout your life.

F. Being respectful helps build positive relationships with others.

G. Don't take advantage of your parents' kindness and generosity.

任务型阅读

    Skating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basis, there's nothing like it. Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    The first thing that you need to do is, stand straight. If you feel that you are falling backwards, then just put your chin up and slightly bend your knees. Don't worry; this happens to all.

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    The most important step while learning how to skate backwards, is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing. How can you achieve this? By practice, Just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slope every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort.

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    Confident now? Great! Now the next step is to maintain your speed.While rolling in a straight line with one skate, with the other try sculling(滑浆), that is, keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke(滑动).Now bring the skate which you were using to scull, and then again, repeat the same process.Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling.Now, try the same thing using the other foot.Again keep doing this till you are confident enough.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot, the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed.Try some of your own tricks now.Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.

{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    While you keep one foot straight, keep sculling with the other.You can do that simultaneously with both feet.Concentrate on what you are doing but don't get so involved that you don't see where you are going.If you are not watching your back, you might just bang against something or someone.

A. Find Another to Practise with You

B. Increase Your Speed Now

C. Gain Your Courage

D. Stand Straight

E. Maintain Speed

F. Scull and Be Aware

G. Confidence is What You Need

任务型阅读

    It's considered to be the most important meal of the day, but do you really take the time to put together a healthy meal first thing in the morning? If you're watching your weight, skipping breakfast will damage your efforts to lose weight{#blank#}1{#/blank#} It can also speed up your metabolism (新陈代谢).

    Making breakfast a habit may not be easy. Use these tips to make eating breakfast a habit:

    Get up earlier{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Get up ten to fifteen minutes before your regular wake-up time that you have enough time to prepare a tasty meal before your day begins. Try to make time to include breakfast in your daily schedule and stick to it so it becomes a habit.

    Plan your meals ahead of time{#blank#}3{#/blank#} Put together three or four different breakfast recipes that you know you will actually eat. A little planning can help you make eating breakfast a habit as soon as possible.

    Be selective. Buy a handful of ingredients to put together a healthy breakfast yourself, instead of relying on prepared breakfast food and snacks{#blank#}4{#/blank#} If you don't like “traditional” breakfast foods, eat what you like so that you're willing to stick with it to make eating breakfast a habit.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If you're working out in the morning, plan to eat breakfast within an hour after your workout so your body can recover. Again, planning ahead will make eating this meal a part of your daily routine.

A. The fresher the food, the better.

B. Breakfast is the first meal of the day.

C. Eat breakfast around your workout schedule.

D. Developing the habit of eating breakfast is important.

E. Eating breakfast can reduce your hunger later in the day.

F. Being rushed for time is a common excuse to skip breakfast.

G. Make sure you include a variety of healthy food choices for breakfast.

任务型阅读

    Hobbies let you explore interests outside your work. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} There are plenty of options available to you. How can you choose the hobby that suits you from these options? Here are some tips.

    Look at what interests you. And examine what takes up your spare time, when you have it. Do you enjoy reading books? Maybe you want to try your hand at writing them. Do you like a cool beer at the end of the day? Maybe your hobby could be trying to make beer at home. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Think about what you value most. What qualities do you think important? Do you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire artistic expression? {#blank#}3{#/blank#} For instance, maybe you could volunteer at a library as a hobby because you value education, or maybe you could take up painting because you admire people who can express themselves with art.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Certain hobbies require certain skill sets. If you don't have much patience, then maybe hand sewing isn't something you'd enjoy. However, if you love building things, maybe you should consider a hobby like building furniture.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Ask your friends and family what you seem to talk about the most. Now, think about what it is about that subject that you enjoy so much and determine how it can be turned into a hobby.

A. Help others to choose a hobby.

B. Examine your skills and personality.

C. Turn what you already love into a hobby.

D. Decide whether you're interested in one thing.

E. Think about the topics you go on endlessly about.

F. They let you be creative and try all kinds of new things.

G. Let those qualities guide you when you're choosing a hobby.

In the following passage, some sentences have been removed. Choose the most suitable one from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.

    Choosing the right job is probably one of the most important decisions we have to make in life, and it is frequently one of the hardest decisions we have to make. One important question that you might ask yourself is: "How do I get a good job?"{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    There are people who can answer an insignificant advertisement in the local paper and land the best job in the world; others write to all sorts of places all over the country, and never seem to get a reply at all. Still others believe that the in person, door-to-door approach is by far the best way to get a job; and then there are those who, through no active decision of their own, just seem to be in the right place at the right time. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} He used to spend a lot of his free time down by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might one day sail one of them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailor could never be anything for the boy but an idle dream. One day, on his usual wandering, he heard the captain of the ship complaining that he could not sail because one member of his crew was sick. Without stopping to think, the lad(少年) offered to take his place. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} If the lad had gone home to ponder(考虑)his decision for a week, he may have missed his chance. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.

    Sometimes we hear stories about people who break all the rules and still seem to land plum jobs(美差). When you go for a job interview or fill out an application, you are expected to say nice things about the company to which you are applying. But there was one person who landed an excellent job by telling the interviewer all the company's faults. And within a year this person had become general manger of the company.

A. This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself.

B. People find jobs in an infinite number of ways.

C. it's almost impossible to find a good job by answering advertisement in newspapers

D. Take for example the young man who wanted to be a sailor.

E. It is very important to seize an opportunity when it presents itself.

F. He spent the rest of his life happily sailing the ships he had always loved.

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