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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

河南省开封市、商丘市九校2018-2019学年高二下学期英语期中联考试卷

阅读理解

    "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Similarly, if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important?

The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.

    Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems start as a result of dehydration (脱水)-—a lack of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably don't know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stage of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.

    These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma (哮喘) could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water contains no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water. There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to seeing the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often.

(1)、From the text, we know water can carry_________.
A、energy and fiber in our bodies B、fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodies C、sugar and fat out of our bodies D、poisons and waste out of our bodies
(2)、Some doctors think that________.
A、some health problems are caused by a lack of water B、water is not important for our health C、we should go to the doctor less often D、people eat too much sugar
(3)、Lack of water caused people to put on weight too much because_______.
A、they think they are thirsty and eat less B、they think they are hungry and eat too much C、water has no calories D、it makes them thirsty
(4)、Which of the following isn't mentioned in the passage?
A、The amount of water a person should drink in a day. B、Some healthy problems start because of a lack of water. C、Drinking more water may stop people from overeating. D、Fruit provides us with energy and fibre.
举一反三
阅读理解

B

    These days, young people in some English-speaking countries are speaking a strange language, especially when communicating on social media.

    Look at these words chosen by The Washington Post: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge,” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal it made me totes emosh.” Or this sentence: “BAE, let me know if you stay in tonight.”

    What on earth do they mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of “totally”. Similarly, “tradge” means “tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”. It seems that, for millennials(千禧一代), typing in this form is not only time-saving but fashionable.

    As you can see, many millennial slangs(俚语)are formed by so-called “totesing”—the systematic abbreviation(缩写)of words. The trend might have started with “totally” becoming “totes”, but it now has spread to many other English words.

    The origins of other millennial slangs are more complex than “totesing”.“Bae”, for example, has been widely used by African-Americans for years. It can be an expression of closeness with one's romantic partner or, like “sweetheart”, for someone without romantic connection. After pop singer Pharrell used the word in his work, “bae” became mainstream.

    Some people might think millennial slangs lower the value of the English language, but Melbourne University linguist(语言学家)Rosey Billington doesn't agree. She says when people are able to use a language in a creative way, they show that they know the language rules well enough to use words differently. Two other linguists, Lauren Spradlin and Taylor Jones, share the same view. The two analysed hundreds of examples of totes-speak and discovered totesing has complex roots.

    It isn't simply an adult version of baby talk, nor a clever way to minimize your word count. Rather, it is a highly organized system that relies on a speaker's mastery of English pronunciation. It is about sounds, follows sound system of English and has strict rules.

阅读理解

    Climate change has had a number of effects on cities around the world, including rising see levels. And, this has become an especially big problem for coastal cities. City officials must now prepare for higher tides on their coasts. The American city of Miami is one example. Located in South Florida, Miami is home to nearly 3 million people and billions of dollars in land and buildings.

    Miami is one of the cities in America most at risk for rising sea levels. The waterfront is central to Miami's culture and economy. But as the seas rise with climate change .the water will not stay put. Large parts of South Florida are in danger of being under water in the coming years. Across Biscayne Bay, the City of Miami Beach is making improvements - raising streets, adding water pumps and more.

    It is costing the city a lot of money. Local communities will spend 500 million dollars for the improvements. Thankfully, the residents, the folks that are paying the bill for this work, realize that the cost of doing nothing is much greater. A possibility officials are discussing with residents is for city to buy homes in some places where flooding has been a problem. The city would then turn that land into parks of grassland that could hold the water.

    Over time, the city may need to take bigger risks. Miami's future depends largely on how much, and how fast, the oceans rise.

    Caroline Lewis leads the climate activism group, the CLEO Institute. She says cities cannot avoid the need to move inland. But, she says,a well-planned withdrawal (撤退) could include measures to keep people safely in place for as long as possible. And, she says, the world could learn from such a model. In these two Florida cities built on wetlands, there remains a lot of hopefulness.

阅读理解

    There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting.

    When my friend Lily from London used the word “larder”, I didn't know what it meant. Realizing I didn't follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food. The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar. If she called me on the phone, she would ring me up. But if the line was busy, she would say the line was engaged.

    Most times, I can know what Lily means. Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those. Other times, we have to ask each other. She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed. I wondered what had made the lady angry. It turns out that pissed means drunk.

    Here is one more example. My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store recently. She asked the young man if he had a rubber. When she noticed he didn't follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber.

    In order to communicate well with the British, we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently. And I think people who learn English as a second language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.

阅读理解

    Shakespeare's Globe Exhibition & Tour is a unique international resource to explore Shakespeare's work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playwright, Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him.

    Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours

    Theatre Tours:

    Monday to Sunday 9:30 am – 5:00 pm

    Exhibition:

    Monday to Sunday 9:00 am – 5:00 pm

    Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own tour guide. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.

    Exhibition and Tour Prices

    Exhibition & Globe Theatre Tour

    Adult: £15.00

    Senior (60+): £13.50

    Student (with valid ID):  £11.50

    Children (5–15): £8.00

    Complimentary: Every 16th person free

    Getting Here

    Shakespeare's Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, UK

    We currently have enhanced security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time, do not bring any large bags and check the Calendar before your visit or call +44 (0)20 7902 1500 to find out about our latest opening times.

    By car and taxi

    Where possible, visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi.

    There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge (open 24 hours, seven days a week).

    Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the main foyer(大厅) on New Globe Walk.

Where to eat

    Swan at Shakespeare's Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors. Available for pre and post-theatre dining.

    Swan Restaurant

    Monday – Friday:12 noon – 2:30 pm & 6:00 pm – 10:30 pm

    Saturday:12 noon – 3:30 pm & 6:00 pm – 10:30 pm.

    Sunday:12 noon – 9:00 pm

阅读理解

    It's common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.

    Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure (基础建设) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.

    These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They've analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancy, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world's healthiest cities.

    The list is certainly Euro-centric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way towards suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The UK doesn't fare too well either-its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.

    Whether you're planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its quest for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.

阅读理解

    On a comfortable sunny Sunday, I was going to meet an old university friend I hadn't seen for years, and was really excited to hear all his news. My train was running a little late, but that was no big problem — I could text him to say I would be delayed. He would understand. But.. . where was my mobile phone? I had that familiar sinking feeling. Yes, I'd left it at home.

    No mobile phone . I'm sure I'm not alone in feeling anxious, on edge and worried when I don't have my phone with me. In fact, I know I'm not alone: two-thirds of us experience this " nomophobia".

    That's according to a study which surveyed 1,000 people in the UK about their relationship with mobile phones, which says we check our mobile phones 34 times a day, that women are more "nomophobic" than men, and that 18-24-year-olds are the most likely to suffer fear of being without their mobiles: 77% of them say they are unable to be apart from their phones for more than a few minutes.

    Do you have "Homophobia"?

    •You never turn your phone off.

    •You obsessively (着迷似地)check for texts, missed calls and emails.

    •You always take your phone to the bathroom with you.

    •You never let the battery run out.

    It's funny to think that around 20 years ago the only people with mobile phones would be business persons carrying their large, plastic "bricks". Of course, these days, mobile phones are everywhere. Its subscriptions has outnumbered people across the world.

    And when there are more phones than people in the world, maybe it's time to ask who really is in charge? Are you in control of your phone, or does your phone control you? So, what happened with my university friend? When I arrived a few minutes late he just laughed and said: "You haven't changed at all — still always late!" And we had a great afternoon catching up, full of jokes and stories, with no interruptions and no nagging (唠叨的)desire to check my phone.

    Not having it with me felt strangely liberating. Maybe I'll leave it at home on purpose next time.

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