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题型:任务型阅读 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难

江苏省南京市2019届高三英语三模考试试卷

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

On the surface, one would be hard-pressed to find many similarities between German chancellor Angela Merkel, Bangladeshi prime minister Sheikh Hasina, and Liberian president Ellen Johnson Sirleaf — except for the fact that they are all female leaders of nations. Merkel, for example, spent more than a decade as a chemist before going into politics, while Hasina, the daughter of Bangladesh's first president, served as her father's political assistant while at college, and Johnson Sirleaf worked at multiple financial institution s before running for vice president. Is there something deeper than they share?

    The researcher Susan R. Madsen of Utah Valley University interviewed women in some countries about their paths to leadership. She was surprised by the similarities among the women when they spoke about how they became leaders. "Every single one of them talked about finding their voices and their confidence at dinner-table conversations with their families. Their parents talked about politics, about what was happening in the community, and when the women had something to say, their parents didn't stop them," Madsen said.

    As part of a series of interviews on women and leadership, I spoke to three women from different countries who have each become leaders in their respective fields: Agnes lgoye of Uganda, who works with her government to counter human trafficking; Ikram Ben Said, the founder of Tunisian women's rights organization Aswat Nissa; and Sairee Chahal of India, who started a digital platform that helps women get back into the workforce.

All three of my interviewees pointed to the family environment they had been raised in — particularly a father figure who taught and empowered the women in the family to learn, ask questions, and form their own opinions. Also, mothers broke convention by displaying leadership within the family.

    Igoye, for example, credited her father with having the foresight to send his daughters to school despite opposition from others in their village. Her mother went back to school as an adult to improve her career as a teacher, which lgoye described as being a big influence on her. Similarly Ben Said talked about how her father encouraged political debate among the family when she was growing up, even when her opinions contradicted his. Meanwhile, Chahal said that even in her younger days, her parents went against the general convention of expecting their daughters to aim only for a good husband.

Another conclusion from Madsen's work is that women's leadership development doesn't look like men's. "Men tend to follow a more straight path to becoming a leader. Women's paths are much emergent. They tend to not necessarily look ahead and think, ‘I want to be on top.' Women would point to a number of experiences— motherhood, or working with a non-profit, or sitting on a board, as shaping their path to becoming leaders," she said.

    Actually, women leaders tend to be held to higher standards than their male counterparts, lgoye has felt this in Uganda. "Women who take up leadership positions in my country have to be tough, it's not easy at all," she said. "You are always aware that you are representing all women. You have to work extra hard to deliver, to perform, because if you do something wrong, they will say, 'Ah, you see, women!' "

    Therefore, merely having women leaders can change the opportunities available for generations of women in a country. What leadership looks like in their country, how much of a voice the women leaders are having, influences what leadership is and what it means to its women.

    What do women leaders have in common?

Introduction

These female leaders come from different cultural and political backgrounds, but do they share any ?

Findings of Madsen's research

In their early years, these female leaders were enabled to express themselves and develop their confidence at dinner table.

They got more chances to be to politics.

⚫ Different from men, their previous experiences help them work their way to the of their career ladder.

Findings of the author's research

All these female leaders their success to their family environment.

◇Unlike other children in her village, Igoye received with her sisters.

◇Ben Said was encouraged to debate among the family even when her opinions went her father's.

◇Despite the general convention of well, Chahal was brought up otherwise.

⚫ Women leaders have to work than men

Conclusion

Female leadership a lot to a nation and its women as well.

举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Trust has been regarded as the basis of any relationship, including friendship. No relationship can last long with a lack of trust. Not many of your friends will have real faith in you as you would like to believe. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Sometimes, it takes years, even a complete lifetime, to trust someone. However, how do we know if our friends have faith in us?

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}With whom will you share things that you don't want everyone to know? It would be with a close friend, whom you trust as much as you trust yourself. While a few of your friend may be fiercely protective of their privacy and may not tell their secrets to anyone, those who do, surely find you trustworthy and reliable.

    Whom do you look up to for advice when you need it the most? It has to be either your parents or your friends. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} This is a shining example of trust. You only seek advice from people you hold in high regard and find dependable. The friends who trust you will never forget to include you in the important decisions of their life.

    Arguments and heated discussions are a part of every relationship, and this is also true for friendship. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} While some people find it difficult to forgive and forget, your friends will never have problems moving on. It is because they trust you and believe that you will never cause any pain to them on purpose.

    There are times in life when you find yourself a lonely soldier. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Your friends will never let you down and will strongly stand for you when you need encouragement. You can determine that they trust you and believe in your beliefs, if they side with you when you need them the most.

A. If your friends share their secrets, there's a good possibility that they have much

faith in you.

B. People can be extraordinarily jealous sometimes.

C. Two people cannot have identical reaction to a situation and different opinions do exist.

D. In fact, winning trust is, by far, the most challenging aspect of relationships.

E. No matter how close you are to your friend, you cannot take that comfort level for granted.

F. However, people who are fortunate to have been blessed with true friends are never alone in any battle.

G. You know they will never pass on a wrong suggestion.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    It's normal to wake briefly during the night. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}But if you're waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep, the following tips may help.

    Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be, try not to stress over the fact that you're awake , because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization, deep breathing, or meditation, which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they're not a replacement for sleep, rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.

    Do a quiet, non-stimulating activity. If you've been awake for more than 15 minutes, try getting out of bed and doing a quiet, non-stimulating activity, such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} A light snack might help relax you, but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.

A. Make relaxation your goal, not sleep.

B. Put off worries and troubles.

C. Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.

D. In fact, a good sleeper won't even remember it.

E. Also avoid screens of any kind—computers, TVs, cell phones, iPads,

F. You'll be much more productive and creative after a good night's sleep.

G. A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in your body.

阅读理解

    There is a woman named Tao Porchon-Lynch. She was born in India in 1918. So, if you do the math, she's 99. And at the age of 99, she has been recognized as the oldest yoga teacher in the world. She has been teaching yoga in a gym in her hometown, full-time, since 1967.

    But that's not all she's done. She has also been a model, actress and dancer. She became a model after she graduated from high school. She acted in more than ten fields. She won a lot of medals as a dancer in many competitions. She once said, “If you try your best and never give up, nothing is impossible.” And she is a firm believer in positive thinking. She dreams the impossible dreams, and she is also well known as a thinker.

    Tao Porchon-Lynch is not the person who talks the talk; she is the person who walks the walk. When she makes up her mind to do something, she takes action to do it without delay. At the age of 85, she learned how to dance and even won several dance competitions. She offers this piece of advice to others, “Don't put off till tomorrow what you can do today. Don't delay. Tomorrow never comes.”

    So, what about retirement? At 98, she is well past the age when many people make retirement plans. Retiring, it turns out, is not Tao's style. “A little girl, who is only 6 years old and is now learning yoga with me, once asked me, ‘Dear granny, what are you going to do when you retire?'” Tao Porchon-Lynch told the little girl that she had no plans to retire but instead would continue to teach yoga and dance her way to next planet.

任务型阅读

    A rejection letter is one of those letters that are not very easy to write.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. For example, organizations usually have to send rejection letters to applicants they cannot hire. So how to write a rejection letter?

    Make the words professional and proper

    What matters most in a rejection letter is the professional tone and wording. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Instead, your choice of words should make the reader feel that he or she would do the same thing if they were in your place.

    Keep it clear and simple

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. Nobody likes to read a long, winding rejection letter. Therefore, it is better to deliver the message of rejection in the beginning itself. Clearly state that you have decided to reject the request or application. Don't beat about the bush and don't try to give the impression that your decision could change{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Explain why your decision is good for everyone.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Conclude with a statement of goodwill(友好). You may have rejected this application, but if you intend to consider this person for another job in the future, you may express that as well. However, that isn't always necessary. In some situations such endings might offend(冒犯) the reader.

A. End on a positive note

B. Make your decision as soon as possible

C. Never give away what you are going to do

D. Briefly state how you came to your decision

E. A rejection letter doesn't have to be necessarily long

F. Don't write anything that may make the reader feel bad

G. Although writing a rejection letter can be difficult, there are situations when it's absolutely necessary.

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

    Self-Care Strategies for College Students

    Most college students don't put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When you're caught up in the whirlwind (旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendship, and final exams, it's easy to ignore a task that doesn't come with a deadline (even if that task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental, and emotional health is essential to your success and well-being. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Instead, take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self-care strategies.

    Get Away for Some Alone Time. If you live with roommates, privacy can be hard to come by, so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus. When you're strolling to class, try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Feel free to people-watch, but pay attention to sensory details too, like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes. Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route. You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination.

    Stage a Sleep Intervention. How much sleep do you really get each night? {#blank#}4{#/blank#} By doing that, you'll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits. Don't buy into the myth that the less you're sleeping, the harder you're working. Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels – you simply can't do your best work without it.

    Download a New Podcast. Take a break from the books, grab your headphones, and listen to some immersive mysteries, compelling interviews, or laugh-out-loud comedy. There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable, so you're sure to find something that interests you.

A. As you walk, pay close attention to your surroundings.

B. Make a plan to get off campus and explore your surroundings.

C. If you're averaging seven hours or less, commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight.

D. If you're feeling stressed or overwhelmed, don't punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their limits.

E. A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge.

F. Actually, it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1 hour without the risk of sleep deprivation (剥夺) if you know how to have high quality sleep.

请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第76至第85小题的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格填1个单词。

    As is well-known, drinking water benefits one's health. Especially when you get up early in the morning, you'd better drink water. Here are some reasons why you should do so.

    Improves Your Metabolism(新陈代谢)

    Studies have shown that drinking water on empty stomach can help increase metabolic rate up by 30%. This means that the rate at which calories are burned increases by nearly one third. Do you know what that means? Quicker weight loss!

    If your metabolic rate is high, then you will be able to digest food faster and maintain a slim figure despite eating those extra calories. However, this doesn't mean that you could bite down on all that junk food. Furthermore, you will need to drink around four litres of water daily for best results.

    Helps in Clearing Your Bowels

    Constipation(便秘) is one of the most irritating conditions which also results in deposit of poisonous materials inside the body. But did you know that one of the other benefits of drinking water is that it helps to clear out your bowels? The colon(结肠), which is in part responsible for bowel movements, require water to function properly. So just gulp down a glass of water and sit on your toilet for a clean colon.

    Improves Your Appetite

Early in the morning, with your stomach totally empty, it is natural you will feel hungry. So another benefit of drinking water is preparing you to have the most important meal of the day — breakfast. Besides this, we all know that having a healthy appetite is good for overall health.

Helps to Balance Your Nervous System

    Yes, drinking water on empty stomach especially if it's hot, can improve the health of your nervous system. Early morning, the stomach is most receptive. At this moment, if you indulge in coffee, which is a central nervous system stimulant, your nervous system will be affected from the get-go. On the other hand, if you just have a glass of warm water, it can ease your nervous system, which will help it function properly.

    Prevents Migraine(偏头痛) Attacks

    Again, if you tend to suffer from migraine attacks, then water can help fight it off. Your doctor might have already told you that migraines happen due to lacking water amongst other reasons. So just by increasing your water intake, you are basically preventing your chances from suffering another migraine attack.

    Prevents Early Aging

    And now to finish off, let's see how drinking water on empty stomach can prove to be some sort of good medicine. Water can help release toxins such as bacteria and other harmful elements from your system. This, in turn, can help your body fight the effects of free radicals(自由基) which can cause early ageing. Furthermore, if your skin doesn't lack water internally, it will feel refreshed, which can help it maintain a young state and shiny appearance.

    Now that you've learned the above benefit of drinking water early in the morning, why not develop the healthy habit from now on?

Passage outlines

Supporting details

Introduction

Drinking water early in the morning is{#blank#}1{#/blank#} to your health.

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}for drinking water

•Drinking water every morning can quicken your metabolism, which means your ability to digest food is stronger than others. In this way, it helps you {#blank#}3{#/blank#} weight.

•Gulping down a glass of water can help dean your colon, which {#blank#}4{#/blank#} accounts for bowel movements.

•Drinking water will make you {#blank#}5{#/blank#}for breakfast.

•Coffee{#blank#}6{#/blank#}to stimulate your central nervous system while a glass of warm water can help it function properly.

•{#blank#}7{#/blank#} are that you will be attacked by migraine if you lack water.

•It can be good medicine to some{#blank#}8{#/blank#}to drink water on empty stomach. Water can prevent you from early aging because it can help{#blank#}9{#/blank#}some harmful materials from your system.

Conclusion

•Due to so many benefits of drinking water after getting up in the morning, you should take{#blank#}10{#/blank#}now.

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