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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

江苏省新草桥中学2019届高三上学期英语12月月考试卷

任务型阅读

    Asthma(哮喘) is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing--which are caused by the tightening of the muscles in airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments.

    Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.

    The Indoor Pollution

    Indoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases that come from paint, other materials like dust and perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer.

Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes. Most  often, they cause breathing  problems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune(自身免疫的) systems. Proper venting (通风) and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals.

    The Outdoor pollution

    Researchers have also established outdoor pollution's role as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.

    Those most affected by the increase of industrial and environmental pollution are children. Although much has been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.

The between asthma and air pollution

The of asthma

● lack of breath

● difficulty in breathing

● coughing

The possible of untreated asthma

● poor lung function

● death

contributing to the increased asthma

Indoor pollution

●It is by building materials and heating and air conditioning systems.

some poisonous gases, dust and  perfumes worsen pollution.

●Some material and chemicals in modern homes.

Outdoor pollution

●Smog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n) number of lung diseases in the industrial population.

●Industrial pollutants and other chemicals in water are to people's health.

Conclusion

Only when all countries join together to limit carbon emissions can people be from suffering environmental asthma.

举一反三

                                                                          Section A (10 marks)

          Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

                          Not all print dictionaries are the same, as you will notice when you select one. To make a wise selection, you should know how to distinguish 

among three kinds of print dictionaries: pocket, desk, and unabridged. You should also know the copyright date of your dictionary, and

 check is special features.

          A pocket dictionary is small. Generally, it contains no more than 75000 entries, making it hardly to carry to class and efficient to use. 

However, a pocket dictionary doesn't contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework. In addition, the information 

about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited. A desk dictionary is medium sized, generally containing over 100,000 entries

 as well as extra features. For college work, you should own a current desk dictionary. An unabridged dictionary is a complete dictionary. 

Abridged dictionaries, such as pocket and desk dictionaries, are shortened. Because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words,

 they are large and heavy. They are often used by schools and libraries.

           If the copyright date of your current dictionary shows that it was published five or more years ago, consider investing in a more recent 

edition. English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning, spelling, and usage of familiar words.

 This is reflected in an up-to-date dictionary.

         In selecting a dictionary, check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions. Many editions contain signs, symbols and foreign words.

 Some also contain CD-ROMs and access to special online features.

根据内容,在对应的空格写上正确的答案!

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6、{#blank#}6{#/blank#}7、 {#blank#}7{#/blank#}8、{#blank#}8{#/blank#}9、 {#blank#}9{#/blank#}10、 {#blank#}10{#/blank#} 

任务型阅读

    Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and don't want. The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look at colleges that have your major{#blank#}2{#/blank#}So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.

    Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isn't important is lying{#blank#}3{#/blank#}If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home, please don't consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.

    Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If so, how much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scholarships exist, but don't count on anything.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}These are all things to consider before you fall in love with a college.

    Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Make sure that the people you're with for four years are your kind of people.

A. College is about learning what you love.

B. You'd better choose a major that is popular.

C. Go to the college with some people you like.

D. Remember, above all, it is the people that make the place.

E. Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?

F. If you don't like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.

G. These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.

任务型阅读

                                                                            Common-sense Safety Tips for Travelling Abroad

    When a holiday is just around the comer, you may be planning a trip abroad. But to enjoy a worry-free adventure abroad, you also should pay attention to the following common-sense safety tips for travelling abroad.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Another reason to take only carry-on carriage—besides avoiding baggage fees—is that the less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move, if necessary. You should always have a free hand. Besides, you won't be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Lock it up.

    Leave your hotel with only what you need and lock up the rest. Take a lock for your luggage just in case your hotel doesn't offer a safe{#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you don't need all your cash and cards, don't take them all with you when you go out for a day of sightseeing or shopping. Also, leave your passport in the hotel. Make photocopies of all your important documents and leave the hotel with a copy of your passport plus a one photo I.D. Why?{#blank#}4{#/blank#}If all of your identification is in it, imagine the trouble you have to go through to replace it all.

    Think and Plan.

    Always keep in mind that, when you travel abroad, you are in a place you don't know well and you can always be a target. Trust your senses{#blank#}5{#/blank#} After your arrival, ask the hotel staff and locals about the areas you are thinking of visiting, especially at night. And you should walk in well-lit areas at night and know how to contact the local police with your cell phone or a payphone in a foreign country, if necessary.

A. Travel light.

B. Pay by credit card.

C. Imagine having your bag stolen off a restaurant table.

D. You should also make it a habit to take your watch with you.

E. Plus, dragging lots of luggage is a dead giving away that you aren't a local resident.

F. You should call ahead to be sure, especially if your luggage is made of cloth material.

G. You are smart and mature, so if something or some situation doesn't feel safe, it probably isn't.

任务型阅读

    Here are a number of English learning tips to help you improve your English. Choose a few of them of get started today.

    Ask yourself weekly: What do I want to learn this week?

    Asking yourself this question every week will help you stop and think for a moment about what is most important to you. It is easy to focus only on the current unit, grammar exercise, etc. If you make a moment to stop of make a careful plan for each week, you will notice the progress you are making and, in turn, become more inspired by how quickly you are learning English! You will be surprised at how this feeling of success will motivate you to learn even more English.

    Quickly review important new information shortly before going to bed.

    Research has shown that our brains process information that is fresh in our brains while we sleep. By shortly(this means very quickly-just a glance at what you are working on at the moment) going over some exercise, reading, etc. before you go to sleep, your brain will work away on this information while you sleep!

    While doing exercises and alone at home or in your room, speak English aloud.

    Connect the muscles(肌肉)of your face to the information in your head. Just as understanding the basics of tennis does not make you a great tennis player, understanding grammar rules does not mean you can automatically speak English well. You need to practice the act of speaking often. Speaking by yourself at home and reading the exercises you are doing will help connect your brain to your facial muscles and improve pronunciation and make your knowledge active.

    Do five to ten minutes of listening at least four times a week.

In the past, I decided I needed to get fit and went jogging-usually three or four miles. Well after not having done anything for many months, those three or four miles really hurt! Needless to say, I did not go jogging for another few months!

    Learning to understand spoken English well is very similar. If you decide that you are going to work hard and listen for two hours, chances are that you will not do extra listening exercises any time soon. If, on the other hand, you start off slowly and listen on a regular basis(five to ten minutes at least four times a week), it will be easier to develop the habit of listening to English.

    Look for situations in which you must speak, read, and listen to English.

    This is probably the most important tip. You need to use English in a “real world” situation. Learning English in a classroom is important, but putting your English knowledge into practice in real situations will improve your fluency in speaking English. If you do not know of any “real life” situation, create new ones for yourself by using the Internet to listen to news, write English responses in forums, exchange emails in English with email pals, etc.

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}on Learning English

Setting a weekly{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

※By this means you will find it a great{#blank#}3{#/blank#} to see how much you have{#blank#}4{#/blank#} your English by the end of the week.

Reviewing before going to bed

※While{#blank#}5{#/blank#} you still process information in your mind.

Speaking as much as possible

※The muscles of your face have{#blank#}6{#/blank#} with what you have learned, for practice makes{#blank#}7{#/blank#}.

Listening more often

※Staring off slowly and listening{#blank#}8{#/blank#} will help (five to ten minutes at least four times a week rather than once two hours a week), for one meal won't makes a fat man.

{#blank#}9{#/blank#} English in real

situations

※Catching every {#blank#}10{#/blank#} to put what you have learned into practice is a good idea.

任务型阅读

Making Peace with Your Parents

    As a teen, you're going through big changes physically and mentally. Your interests are increasing.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}Here is the challenge: Kids need to explore the world in new ways, and parents need to protect them from the dangers that are all out in that world. These conflicts can easily set off fireworks in otherwise calm houses. Sometimes conflicts can't be avoided. But by paying attention to the building blocks of successful relationships, you can work towards making home a happy and healthy place for you and your parents.

    For example, try to find a time to talk when your parents are not angry, tired, distracted or hungry. A good time to talk is when you're all relaxed. Timing is everything if the conversation begins to turn into an argument, you'd better calmly and coolly ask to stop the conversation for now.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Listen to what your parents are saying, and repeat it back to them. This shows them that you're listening. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Respect is the building block of good communication. People who respect each other and care about each others' feelings can disagree without getting things ugly.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} How do you build trust? Trust comes by actually doing what you say you're going to do. Some teens find that doing fun activities with their parents can improve their relationships. Sometimes we forget that parents are more than rule-maker—they're interesting people who like to watch movies and go shopping—just like their teenagers!

    What do you do if you are trying your best, but your relationship with your parents continues to be rocky?{#blank#}5{#/blank#}You can find supportive adults, such as a teacher or a coach, who can lend an ear. Remember you can only change your own behavior. Your parents are the only ones who can change theirs.

A. You may consider seeking outside help.

B. And then you'll be able to accept what your parents say.

C. You can pick it up again when everyone's more relaxed.

D. Faced with the challenge, children don't know what to do.

E. And your desire to take control of your own life is growing.

F. It also gives them a chance to clear things up if you're not on the same page.

G. You are more likely to get along with your parents and have more independence if your parents believe in you.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Each year there is an increasing number of cars on roads and streets as millions of new cars and trucks are produced. One out of every six Americans work at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Because most Americans find they are using their cars in almost every aspect of their life. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} That's what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.

Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that pleases man.

To prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we'll have to make some changes in the way many of us live. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars. They are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle. Bicycling is thought to help keep the air clean. But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

    Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.

A. Americans know cars very well.

B. Americans won't live without cars!

C. Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars.

D. However, the number of vehicles has continued to increase in recent years.

E. One way to get rid of the polluted air is to build a car that does not pollute.

F. Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.

G. However, some have realized the serious problems of the air pollution that is caused by cars.

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