Both instructors and learners can get benefits from the following learning strategies as long as they are properly made use of in language learning.

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    The information presented in this section focuses on specific conversation, discussion, or presentation skills. The activities are generally self-explanatory, with students expressing opinions, making decisions, solving problems, planning presentations, and so on. Engaged in these activities, students have the possibility of communicating with each other in class. This section also includes lists of expressions used to illustrate different language functions, such as agreeing, disagreeing, and asking for clarity in order to help students expand their knowledge of English.

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    In a speaking or listening course, students' anxieties can affect their learning. For this reason, it is important to establish a friendly, relaxed classroom environment. It may help students 10 think of the classroom as a laboratory where they can experiment and take risks with the language. In such circumstances, students should realize that errors are a natural and expected part of learning a language. In addition, one of the goals of this pan is to encourage students to examine their awn opinions and values while at the same time showing respect for the opinions and values of others.

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    Many of the activities in this section involve the students' cooperating work in class. Generally, such an activity taken up by four members seem to work the best. Groups of three or five members may also be effective, depending on the activity. The first unit includes guidelines for organizing group work, with students taking on the following roles: leader, reader, summarizer, reporter, and observer (if necessary). Organizing all activities in this way makes the course truly learner-centered since students must take fall responsibility for carrying out each activity. As for seating, group members should arrange their seats or chairs in a small circle to encourage interaction.

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    Being a teacher, in the course of group activities, you should circulate from group to group, which helps ensure that students are on task and are using English. While you should not participate in pair or group activities, you need to stay involved in what the students are doing. One important reason to circulate during activities is to keep track of the kinds of problems students have, such as grammatical accuracy, fluency, word choice, pronunciation and intonation discussion strategies, etc. However, it is generally not effective to correct students' errors when they arc involved in an activity. The most practical way to deal with communication problems is to make notes of what you observe as you arc circulating. You can then use this information to provide feedback after the activity or to develop future lessons.

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    At the beginning of the course, when they need to build up their confidence, students benefit most from encouragement and positive comment. If possible, you'd rather not grade the students fust few efforts at speaking in a group or to the class. Many students suffer such anxiety in speaking situations that any criticism at this stage can have the opposite effects. Commenting on students' work does not necessarily mean grading them on the scene. Even if the programs requires formal grades, you should try to put off assigning grades until later in the term.

Tips for Chinese Students Studying Abroad

    As living conditions in China are getting better, parents who want their children to have a bright future invest large sums of money to send their children to study abroad. However, there are countless difficulties that students have to face and solve when they study abroad. Therefore it is necessary for Chinese overseas students to be aware of certain things to which they must pay attention.

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    Safety issues before and after studying abroad have been one of the focuses of parents. However, all experts consider psychological preparation as the most important thing for students studying abroad to consider. They believe that students must have a clear picture of their position and know that they are going abroad to study and receive training and not for leisure. And they should not have the opinion that everything abroad is good and all things from China are bad. Students should prepare themselves for the differences.

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    Chinese students have got accustomed to the domestic exam-oriented education style that is completely different from the more open foreign education mode. They will face changes in the educational system while studying abroad. So students should learn about the differences between the domestic and foreign education styles and try to find more solutions to adjusting to the open education in order to be well prepared for their overseas studies both mentally and practically.

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    Students should ask related teachers to help make plans consistent with their practical condition. There should be both macro and detailed learning plans. Macro learning plans require students to hold on to the primary direction of their overseas studies and detailed learning plans require them to arrange learning content for each course and semester. After the plan is made, they should strictly keep to them. Otherwise, the plan will have no effect.

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    As Chinese students are not familiar with the place and people, and have no relatives by their sides, the first feeling they will feel is loneliness, which makes it especially important to learn to develop relationships with people around them. They may meet all kinds of fascinating people abroad. They should go out of their way to be friendly and strike up conversations. The most important thing is to pluck up enough courage to open your mouth and talk with others. Foreigners really like children of this kind and are willing to help them.

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    Foreign children are used to learning by themselves in or after class, but Chinese children are used to teacher-centered education. Guided and supervised by parents and teachers, Chinese students don't have much learning space. They may score high in exams, but they may lack independent learning skills and tend to be in a state of passive learning. So the most basic thing that children need to know is that studying abroad requires that they should adapt to overseas studies as soon as possible and try their best to learn actively and independently.

    Living with other people can be difficult, especially when each person has their own ideas about how they want to live. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. Taking a few simple steps will help you share your living space harmoniously.

    Discuss your expectations ahead of time.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. This applies to finances, food, possessions, use of common areas, loud activities or parties, quiet hours, and so on.

    Divide responsibilities.

    Make a plan to divide up responsibilities and chores（家常杂务）between you and your roommate. For example, if your roommate is a good cook and you are not, {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. It may also be a good idea to set up a chores schedule, where you will take turns cleaning the bathroom, raking out the trash and so on.

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    Not everyone has the same ideas about day to day living as you do. Take your roommate's feelings into consideration. For instance, if you are dying to throw a party on Thursday night but your roommate has a final early the next morning, agree to postpone the party till Friday evening, instead.

    Communicate effectively.

    Communication is key in making the relationship work. If a problem comes up, it's better to talk about it right away than to ignore it. For example, say “Chris, it upsets me when I wake up to find all the milk gone. If you use the last of something, can you please add it to the list?” If you simply cannot communicate openly and there is tension all the time,{#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

    I do think that dieting does not work. What it does do is to make you uneasy about food. Imagine you are prepared to abandon your belief and imagine yourself like a slim person...how do you get there?

Transform your focus

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Focus on what you really want, not what you don't want. Imagine how you would like to be. See a big picture of yourself, looking fantastic in your bathing suit, how good would you be feeling?{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

Understand your hunger

    Slim people eat based on how hungry they are and when lunch time or tea time or dinner time around; they don't just fill up their plate because the food is there. The next time hunger pangs （剧痛） strike, imagine you have a scale in your mind from one to ten. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Check where you are on that scale before you put something into your mouth. You can also use the scale to judge how full you're getting.

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    Hunger is the only good reason for eating. Most overweight people have got into the habit of eating    when they are not hungry. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}Many people have forgotten how to eat when they're hungry and most    diets tell you to ignore pleasure and ignore hunger and they also tell you when/how much and exactly what to eat.

                         Improve your memory

    Some people often complain about their poor memory. Actually there are several ways to keep your memory sharp. This article will show you some simple tips.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#}. When you say these things, you begin to plant the thought in your mind and it may become true. Tell yourself you can remember anything as long as you put your mind to the task. You will see an improvement in your memory.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}. If you have trouble remembering phone numbers or other blocks of numbers, it can be really helpful to try this method. If you remember them in smaller groups, like two or three digits(数字), it will also be much easier to remember the number.

    Be sure to see a doctor if you really are losing your memory. A poor memory can be a sign that you are in low spirits.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

    Playing games also helps improve your memory. Any type of games that involves(涉及) remembering things is wonderful.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. Try and remember it when you have nothing better to do. A useful tip for anyone interested in games is to often work on solving word puzzles and similar types of games. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}. Not only will your memory probably improve, you will also have a great deal of fun.

A. Take a right attitude.

B. Remember numbers in small groups.

C. Stop telling yourself you have a weak memory.

D. If you don't know your condition, you cannot treat it!

E. If you don't like games, you can go over a list of “to do things”.

F. If so, treating it could be the key to getting your memory back.

G. Such games use the same skills needed to remember facts and help keep the mind sharp.