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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

吉林省“五地六校”合作2018-2019学年高二上学期英语期末考试试卷(B)

阅读理解

    When you get a cut, you cover it with a bandage. How do you know when to change it? Maybe you just wait until it's wet or dirty. But when people have long-term or chronic (慢性的)wounds that take months to get better, changing bandages too early or to late could make healing take even longer. Changing the dressing on a wound too often can provide an opportunity for infections to get in. But if a bandage gets very wet very quickly from the inside, it might be filling with pus (脓)--a sign an infection has begun. Judging just when to change is important.

    Chronic wounds are common in people who are older or who have certain health conditions. Chronic wounds affect around 6.5 million people per year in the United States. When Anushka Naiknaware, 13, learned about chronic wounds, she decided to make a device that could alert a person when it's time to change their bandages.

    After a lot of trials and errors, the teen settled on a design that used an “ink” filled with carbon nanoparticles(纳米粒子). The teen loaded her ink into a printer cartridge (墨盒) to print onto her special paper, which was to be made into bandage. Well, actually, Anushka loaded her ink into many, many printer cartridges. Just changing a printer cartridge isn't easy, and filling one is even harder.

    The small printed papers cost only 5 to 10 cents, Anushka estimates. The Bluetooth sensor is more expensive, but the teen notes that it could be used over and over again. She also knows there is a long way to go before her design can help patients. It hasn't been tested on a real person yet. “You have to make sure everything works perfectly,” she says.

(1)、What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A、The right time to change bandages is significant. B、Chronic wounds with a bandage won't heal. C、Changing bandages often will help cure wounds. D、Older people are victims of chronic wounds.
(2)、What does the underlined word “alter” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A、Assist. B、Remind. C、Comfort. D、Control.
(3)、What is stressed in Paragraph 3?

A、The shape of the printer cartridge. B、The discovery of materials of the bandage. C、The amazing features of carbon nanoparticles. D、The difficulty Anushka had with her invention.
(4)、What could be the best title for the text?

A、A bandage is widely used for injuries. B、A girl decides to treat chronic wounds. C、A bandage that can tell the changing time. D、A teen invents a device that heals wounds.
举一反三
阅读理解

    A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U. S. Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5'  5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container — perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.

    To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.

    Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.

    The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.

阅读理解

    The world's richest man might seem to have it all, but Bill Gates has one regret. The self-made billionaire said he felt stupid for not knowing any foreign languages.

    Speaking in his third Ask Me Anything question-and-answer session for online forum Reddit(红迪网), the Microsoft founder said that he wished he spoke French, Arabic or Chinese.

    He said, "I took Latin and Greek in high school and got As and I guess it helps my vocabulary. I keep hoping to get time to study one of these—probably French because it is the easiest. I did Duolingo for a while but didn't keep it up."

    Gates, who is worth $79.3 billion, praised Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg for surprising an audience in Beijing when he spoke fluent Chinese. "Mark Zuckerberg amazingly learned Chinese and did a Q & A with Chinese students—unbelievable, isn't it?" he said.

    This isn't the first time for Gates to admit his regret over language. He also showed his habits at home and personal insights.

    Last February, Gates said he likes to do the dishes himself—to his own special standards every night and also told the interviewer that his wife, Melinda, would likely want Samuel L. Jackson to play her husband in a biopic(传记片).

    He also admitted that he would pick up a $100 bill if he found it on the street.

    As he took the top spot on Forbes(福布斯) 28th Annual Billionaires list last year for the fourth time, he said he is pretty basic when it comes to spending on clothes and food, but that he enjoys investing in shoes and rackets(球拍) when he plays tennis.

    When asked a life lesson he had to learn the hard way, the billionaire said staying up too late is a habit he is still trying to break. "Don't stay up too late even if the book is really exciting. You will regret it in the morning. Pam is still working on this problem," he said.

 阅读短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。

Everyone wants to be happy, but sometimes it can be difficult to feel happiness. That's because we have misunderstandings (误区) about happiness that can get in the way. The good news is that changing the way you think about happiness can help you to feel more joy each day.

Dr. Williamson from the charity Action for Happiness says, "Happiness is not about denying (拒绝承认) terrible feelings or being joyful all the time. It's about making the most of good times and learning to deal with bad times". Dr. Green believes that happiness comes when we feel good about who we ate and where our life is going.

Noticing when you feel happy and what you're doing or what's happening at that time can help you to find more happiness. For example, you may realize that working out a difficult puzzle makes you feel better than watching a favorite TV show. What helps you to feel happy might be different from what makes someone else happy.

Start a list of things that make you happy and keep adding to it as you discover new ones. Make time to do what you know makes you happy and remember that joy isn't only found in what you do for yourself—being kind and thoughtful to other people helps you feel happier, too.

There are misunderstandings that can make it hard to feel happy. One is that it's selfish (自私的) to be happy when other people are sad. However, stopping yourself from being happy doesn't make other people less sad. In fact, research has shown that happy people spread happiness to others. Another thing is thinking that you need lots of money and things to be happy. Studies have shown that when people win the lottery (彩票), they feel a short burst of happiness but they soon return to feeling the same as they did before they won. So it's important to notice the simple things that make you feel happy.

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