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题型:任务型阅读 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2018-2019学年高二上学期英语12月月考试卷

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    A global cyberattack, which is considered the biggest cyberattack ever, is spreading quickly and widely.

    What the attack does

    Cyber bad guys have spread ransomware(勒索软件), known as WannaCry, to computers around the world. It locks down all the files on an infected computer. The hackers then demand $300 in order to release control of the files.

    How it happened

    WannaCry takes advantage of a vulnerability(弱点) in Microsoft Windows. Microsoft released a security patch for the vulnerabilities in Marclf. Playing with fire finally caught up with the victims.

    Microsoft requires Windows 10 customers to automatically update their computers, but some people with older PCs disabled automatic updates.

   

    The attack has been found in 150 countries, affecting 200,000 computers, according to Europol, the European law enforcement agency. FedEx, Nissan, and the United Kingdom's National Health Service were among the victims. In the U.K., hospitals were crippled by the cyberattack, which forced operations to be canceled and ambulances to be diverted.

    Who is vulnerable

    Microsoft said it had taken the "highly unusual step" of releasing a patch for computers running older operating systems including Windows XP, Windows 8 and Windows Server 2003. So even people with older computers should update them.

    Apple's Mac computers were not targeted by this ransomware attack. Bad guys generally target Windows far more than Apple's operating system because there are vastly more computers running Windows around the world.

A. When it will be solved

B. How widespread the damage is

C. That's why it's called ransomware.

D. The hackers remain anonymous for now.

E. Here is a super-simple explanation of what's going on.

F. Anyone who hasn't updated their windows PC recently is easy to attack.

G. But many corporations don't automatically update their systems.

举一反三

根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Most drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored (水果味道的) contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried by the British Food Commission.

    “Shoppers need to check the labels (标签) before buying drinks, though sometimes the actual content can be non-existent,” said Food Commission spokesperson Ian Tokelove. “Food production is highly competitive. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} It will increase profits, and consumers won't always realize they are being tricked.”

    Flavorings are focused on the flavors of natural food products such as fruits, meats and vegetables, or creating flavor for food products that do not have the desired flavors. Researchers analyzed the contents of 28 strawberry-flavored products sold in stores. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries, five of them contained less than one percent real fruit. In addition, each juice box contained nearly eight teaspoons of sugar.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Let's take jam as an example. Some strawberry-flavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial colors, flavors, or sweeteners, but it contained absolutely no strawberries at all.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Consumers have the rights to know clearly about what they have bought. Under current UK law, food packages do not have to distinguish between natural and artificial flavoring. “Describing a product as strawberry flavor and covering the surface of the packet with pictures of strawberries is misleading. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Unfortunatly, it is also legal and widespread,” Tokelove said. “It's time to take measures to protect the consumers' rights.”

A. The products which contain real fruit are popular with people.

B. Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit.

C. They found that about 60 percent of them didn't contain any fruit at all.

D. If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so.

E. It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products.

F. Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all.

G. The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.

任务型阅读

    With the development of society, it is common that many people are rushing all the way and all day, tired and sub-healthy. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} She described all the things she had to do— one was to make her bed —from the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work. I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks. She was shocked, probably thinking I'd been brought up by wolves in a forest. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Two weeks later she went into my office merrily. She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 years—and nothing bad had happened. “And you know what?” she said. “I don't dry my dishes anymore, either.”

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before. The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect. This story shows an important principle about managing time: no one can do it all. Each of us has to make choices and accept trade-offs(利弊权衡). The problem is that many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last. They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    So what is the solution? There's an easy way. Decide what you want in your life, and put that first. On a daily basis, that should include regular meals, enough sleep and time with your family. Exercise, leisure, friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} The choice is yours: whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life. Take a nap. Take a walk. Take time to play the piano. Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office. Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers. Fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.

A. Most people do not take time to relax themselves.

B. The point is to do something for yourself every day.

C. This woman had made two major breakthroughs.

D. A patient came to see me about the stress in her life.

E. Above all, you needn't do anything for yourself regularly

F.They put everyone else's needs ahead of their own.

G. However, she went along with my idea.

任务型阅读

    Cycling is a good form of sports, here are some tips on how to do it safely and comfortably.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Pushing with the wrong part of the foot can raise your risk of developing a painful injury of the heel, says Rob Werstine, a sports physiotherapist (理疗师) and board member of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association. You should push with the ball of your foot, he says.

     Put on clothes. While it's warm, wear layers of clothing, with clothing close to the body that breathes and outer layers that do not absorb water.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

      Be reasonable.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} don't sign up for a 50-kilometre ride. And while cycling is great for people who want to get into shape, if your doctor advises you not to do tiring exercise for people who want to get into shape, if your doctor advises you not to do tiring exercise, cycling shouldn't be your starting position, Werstine says. Walk to begin getting into shape and then graduate to cycling.

Fix the fit. If you develop lower back pain or numbness in your hands and fingers from cycling, it could because your bike isn't adjusted properly for your height.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}but if you have continuing problems, consider consulting a bike fit physiotherapist, Werstine says.

    Be mindful. You have to pay attention on the roads to vehicles, other cyclists and pedestrians.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Or do some reading about how to avoid dangerous cycling situations, bicyclesafe.com, for instance, listing 10 types of car-bike accidents and how to avoid them.

A. Watch your feet

B. Ask experts for help

C. Stop there and let others pass by first

D. Go for bright colors that help you be seen

E. If you are just starting out and aren't in good shape

F. Consider taking a cycling safety course to practise your skills

G. A good cycle shop can help you find the right height for the seat

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    When you're in high school, it can be difficult to find a job. You may not have much, or any, formal work experience and there aren't many jobs available for teenagers. However, if you're looking for a job, there are things you can do to help get your application noticed and help yourself get hired. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Don't be shy.

    Tell everyone you know you are looking for a job. Many jobs aren't advertised and you may be able to get a good job lead from a friend or family member.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    One good way to get experience is to start by working for friends and neighbors. Babysitting, garden work, doing cleaning, and pet sitting all can be included on your resume (简历).

Keep an open mind.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} This is a tough market and you may not be able to find a job doing what you want to do. The more flexibility you have, the more opportunities you'll be able to apply for. Plus, even if the job isn't your first choice, it may turn out to be better than you expected.

    Check the rules.

    There are only certain jobs you can do and hours you can work. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} The minimum age you can work at paid non-agricultural employment is 14.

    Write a resume.

    A resume may not be required by employers. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Even though you may not have much information to include, a resume shows that you're serious about your job search.

A. Start close to home.

B. Be always optimistic.

C. You can count on the following chance.

D. Don't limit yourself to certain types of jobs.

E. But it can help you stand out from the competition.

F. These job search tips will help you get your job search started.

G. Check the Child Labor Law regulations to see how they apply to you.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Ways to Fight and Overcome Laziness

    You read productivity tips, you've used a million to­do list apps, and you promise yourself every month that you're going to start being productive, but it never happens. Here's how to break the cycle when you feel like your problem is just laziness.

    Simple things first: It's important to get started with the task you're willing to perform in order to fight laziness. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Doing so will help you to break your inner resistance.

    Step­by­step: {#blank#}2{#/blank#} And it will keep us motivated to perform these tasks one after the other in a relaxed manner. Once you have completed one sub­task you can tell yourself that you're on a roll and that you will soon have finished the next sub­tasks as well.

    Remove distractions: Whatever it is that distracts you (TV, the Internet, etc.), remove it! {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Make sure that once you have started with one of your tasks, you will not get distracted from it by any means.

    Reward yourself: Every time you manage to overcome laziness and successfully complete a task you should reward yourself, as this will give you positive feeling about making efforts to get things done. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} Little reward for small efforts and vice versa (反之亦然).

    Don't give up: It's one thing to find your motivation. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Rather than letting difficulties demotivate you, see them for what they are and refuse to be beaten by them. You're not alone and staying focused on working through challenges is one of the best ways to fight them.

A. Turn off distractions and focus on your goals.

B. Just make sure to adapt the reward to the efforts you made.

C. A list of weekly goals will help you stay focused and motivated.

D. A method that helps you do so is to start with the simple things first.

E. Occasional rewards will sweeten the tasks and help keep you on track.

F. But it's quite something else to keep it going when running into difficult problems.

G. Breaking down tasks into smaller tasks helps us to reduce the pressure of deadlines.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Simple ways to improve your written English

    Lots of people think it is really difficult to improve their written English. Don't worry, here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.

    Increase your vocabulary(词汇)

    To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. That's not just being able to know lots of words-it means actually being able to use them correctly. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words appropriately.

    Tip: {#blank#}3{#/blank#}Learning shouldn't be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text.

    Improve your grammar

    Grammar is very important because it improves the quality(质量)of your writing.

    Tip: {#blank#}4{#/blank#}The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the particular grammar point you are studying at the moment.

    Just do it!

    The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions(版本)of each text. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Read widely and often.

B. Know much about your readers.

C. Always check your writing twice.

D. Remember, practice makes perfect!

E. Choose books or articles that interest you.

F. Use simple languages and shorter sentences to show your ideas.

G. Do this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists.

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