You may probably meet most of the powerful graduation speakers, here who are well-known people in their fields. I think the schools couldn't have picked better speakers than them, because they set good examples, deeply inspiring us in our daily life.

    1）Steve Jobs, Stanford University:

   "Remembering you're going to die, and the best way I know is to avoid the trap of thinking that you have something to lose. There is no reason not to follow your heart. Your tine is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. …"

    2）Oprah Winfrey, Stanford University：

   "I consider the world, this Earth, to be like a school. And the secret I've learned to get ahead is being open to the lessons from the grandest universe of all. Don't react against a bad situation. And the solution will arise from the challenge. So don't give up easily, acting with responsibility. …"

    3）Bono, University of Pennsylvania：

   "For four years you've been buying, trading, and selling everything you've got in his market-place of ideas. Your pockets are full, even if your parent's are empty, and now you've got to figure out what to spend it on…The world is more flexible than you think and it's waiting for you to hammer it into shape…"

    4）Michael Del, University of Texas at Austin;

   "Now it's time for you to move on to what's next and obtain your desire. But you much must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. Don't spend so much time trying to choose the perfect opportunity, or sometimes you'll miss the right opportunity. Recognize that there will be failures obstacles. But you will learn from your mistakes and the mistakes of others."

    In today's society, almost half of all marriages in America end in divorce, which means many children have divorced parents, and I am by no means a rare case. There are plenty of other people understanding the difficulty of having separated parents and living in two households. Despite this, people who haven't personally experienced divorce really have no idea what it's like.

    My parents have handled divorce and joint custody（监护）well, at least better than expected. Occasionally my parents put up the curtain to block my brother and I from the reality and I will get a glimpse of the not-so-bright-and-sunny reality, the fact that my parents simply don't like each other, let along get along. They try to make sure my brother and I don't overhear the argument and do their best to keep my brother and I out of their issues.

    Last Mother's Day I woke up at my dad's house with a text message from my mom saying," Call me when u can." I rolled out of bed and dated her number. On other end of the phone I could hear my mom's trembling voice." Your dad isn't letting me have you until 7 tonight." I knew Mother's Day was important to her and me. I began to get angry with my dad, but I told myself that getting mad and fueling my mom's anger towards my dad wouldn't help. Later my father told me that he had planned to spend time with my grandma and step-mom for Mother's Day, which I understood and accepted but I also understood why my mom wouldn't accept it.

    While having divorced parents is difficult, I have learned a lot about how to deal with conflict from an early age and I've been blessed with an extremely large family, which is an amazing network of support.

    Whenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the "on/off" button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the "close" button on a lift.

    Many people are in the habit of pressing the "close" button because they don't have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts "close" buttons are a complete scam, at least in the US-the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.

    It started in the 199os when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.

    But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren't completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control." Perceived（能够感知的）control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being," Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said," Having a lack of control is associated with depression."

    Experts have revealed that a lot of buttons that don't do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats（温度调节器）because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.

    But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little" white lies", they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.

   "That habit is here to stay," John Kounios, a psychology professor, said," Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I've got nothing else to do while waiting.  So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?"

    Parents often say that they don't mind what their children do in life just as long as they are happy. Happiness and pleasure are almost universally seen as among the most precious human goods.

    Philosopher Jeremy Bentham believed that all sources of pleasure are of equal quality, but John Stuart Mill disagreed. Mill argued for a difference between higher and lower pleasure.  Lower pleasure, in contrast, requires mere（仅仅的, 纯粹的）senses.

    The entire debate assumes a clear divide between the physical and the mental. What will it mean for our ideas about pleasure?

    Food is usually considered to the lower pleasure. All animals cat, using the senses of smell and taste. It doesn't require ay complex cognition（认知）to conclude that something is delicious. However these people failed to appreciate something that he French food writer Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin captured. That is," Animals feed, man cats, only the man of intellect （才智）knows how to eat."

    Eating shows that the difference between higher pleasure and lower pleasure is not what you enjoy but how you enjoy it. Preparing it using the powers of reflection and attention turns it into a higher pleasure.

A. The dining table is a good place to start.

B. Wolfing down your food is a lower kind of pleasure.

C. What's the real difference between high and low pleasure?

D. What happens if the physical and the mental cannot be separated?

E. All philosophers believed that cookery could never be a form of art.

F. Higher pleasure depends on human abilities such as self-awareness or language use.

G. However, disagreements will be caused about whether some forms of pleasure are better than others.

    I was appointed to tend to this patient several weeks ago and began to grow closer to her. Communicating with her was1because everything she wanted to say to me had to be written on a notepad. As a nursing graduate, I was able to2her mind by observing even a slight 3 in a patient's facial expression.

    One day, when I was checking the patient, she4me on the shoulder to show me a note," Do you think I could be let go5 the hospital in a month to see my niece get married?" Taking her hand in mine, I told her that I could not 6her, because I did not want to leave her a 7sense of hope. 8, I made her believe that I would be there with her every step of the way on her journey toward9. Hearing that, the patient gave me a10 and a hug.

    Day by day, I built her 11by walking around the floor with her. As I did this, I could see before my own eyes that her health was 12improving and able to walk more steadily. On her last today in hospital, just before her niece's 13, she wrote me last note," I couldn't have done this 14 you; I love you." After kissing goodbye, I had a strong sense of achievement. I realized that moments like this were 15I woke up early for16in the hospital and spent long hours with her. I truly felt, and her 17confirmed, that I was an18part of this woman's recovery. My experience with this patient shows me that this career allows to touch the 19of people in ways that people in other20will never get to experience.

    Have you ever wonderedchildren always seem to have bas of energy and never run out of steam? Researchers have discovered that children have levels of recovery of endurance athletes. In fact, scientists say children's muscles recover from "high-intensity exercise" a lot (quick)than athletes. A study looked at the performance levels of children when they were cycling, and compared their fitness to  of athletes. Rwsearcher Dr Sebastien Ratel suggested they(find)the children used more of their aerobic metabolism and were therefore less tired during the high-intensity physical activities. The children also recovered very quickly—even faster than the well-trained adult endurance athletes.

    The researchers hope that(they)finding will help scientists have a better (understand) of how the human body changes with age. It could lead to advantages in the fightdiabetes and other diseases. Dr Ratel said the research was(particular)important as more children were become less active. He warned." With the diseases related to physical inactivity(rise), know the changes with growth that might contribute to the risk of disease."is helpful for children to maintain their fitness as they grow up and play as much as they could so they renin healthy as adults.

注意：

1）词数80左右。

2）可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

A Ten-minute Break

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

    I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day-a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered a series of three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen the minitsunamis（海啸）many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.

    Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my toy boa（俯伏冲浪板）on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastgard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.

    Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency-I'd never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.

    Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I hold the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl on to his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.

注意：

1）所续写的短文词数应为150左右；

2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3）续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；

4）续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

    We had to wait, …

    That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in god condition. …