“背漂”是儿童练习游泳时常佩戴的一种救生装置(如图甲).小宇和小亮为测量背漂浸没在水中时的浮力,进行了如下实验:在底部装有定滑轮的底面积为
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E1000cm%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E2%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的圆台形容器中加入适量的水后,再静放在水平台秤上,此时台秤的示数
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E6kg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(如图乙)。然后把质地均匀的长方体背漂浸入水中,用一轻质的细线通过定滑轮缓慢地将背漂拉入水中,拉力F的方向始终竖直向上,当背漂的一半体积浸入水中时,此时台秤的示数
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E5kg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(如图丙);当背漂浸没在水中时,台秤的示数
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3E3kg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
. 不考虑滑轮的摩擦,在整个过程中水始终没有溢出,背漂不吸水、不变形,且未与容器接触,
![](http://math.21cnjy.com/mml2svg?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E10%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3EN%2Fkg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
。求:
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/ct20241o/71/a4/71a45f17d9fad3221819416ae068682e.png)