题型:阅读选择 题类: 难易度:普通
北京市顺义区2024年中考一模英语试题
We rely on our memory for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences. Yet evidence shows that our memory isn't as consistent as we'd like to believe.
There are countless reasons why tiny mistakes might happen each time we recall past events. And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we'll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it's important to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story's details depending on the listener's attitudes. It isn't only the message that changes, but sometimes it's also the memory itself. This is known as the "audience-tuning effect", showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of repeating a memory can be exactly what makes it easy to change. This is known as "retrieval-enhanced suggestibility". In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be? One theory is that repeating our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words, retrieving(找回)a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling, after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
Ways to make our free time more{#blank#}1{#/blank#} | |
Housework | Develop our {#blank#}2{#/blank#} skills. |
Reading | Read more because it makes a man {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. |
Exercise | Exercise, like {#blank#}4{#/blank#}, riding, can help keep healthy. |
Make full use of our time, and we will become a {#blank#}5{#/blank#} man. |
Name | Age | From | Favourite colour | Favourite sport |
Sally | 11 | London, England | Red | Volleyball |
Peter | 12 | New York, America | Yellow | Football |
Tang Lei | 13 | Shenyang, China | Blue | Tennis |
Wang Hui | 14 | Guangzhou, China | Red | Basketball |
The students in Canada usually go to middle school when they are 13 or {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But most of them finish middle school and then go to high school.
The school day in Canada is about 7 hours long.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} Students study languages (语言), history, math, science, art and so on.
School begins at eight o'clock, and students have four classes in the morning and have lunch at half past eleven.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} School is over at three o'clock. But most of the students don't go home after school. They are at school for activities about two hours.
They have some homework, but they don't do it in the afternoon.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} They have much time to watch TV at night.
A. They usually do it after dinner at home. B. They have two classes in the afternoon. C. Some of them go to work when they are 16. D. Then they go home and have dinner. E. Each class is about 40 minutes long. |
Hello, everyone! I'm your Chinese teacher, Yang Bing. You can call me Ms Yang. You're welcome to learn (学习)with me! Before we start the class, please introduce yourself(介绍你自己)in English. |
I'm Caroline Brown. C-A-R-O-L-I-N-E, Caroline. B-R- O-W-N, Brown. You can call me Carol. I know some Chinese to greet all of you. It's "Da Jia Hao!" |
Some people are taking a lesson on their computers. Let's have a look.
My name is also Caroline! It's Caroline Lopez. L-O-P-E-Z , Lopez. But please call me Calie, C-A-L-L-I-E. My family and friends always call me this. |
Hi, everyone! My name is Kaleb White. My uncle is in China now. Chinese is very interesting. I'm happy to learn it with you. |
It's morning here now. So good morning! I'm Peter Hill. P-E-T-E-R, Peter. H-I-L-L, Hill. I'm an English boy from London. |
Mr. Wang once worked in an emergent(急救) center. He wrote reports every day and the following are four reports from him.
Name: Brain Morton Telophone:3827-0834 Date of birth:5/29/1982 Accident: His car hit a tree after trying not to hit a dog at 10:45 a. m. Injuries(伤害): His head got hurt. |
Name: Steven Lee Telephone:3654-4924 Date of birth:1/31/1979 Accident: He was at home alone and his house was on fire at 5:30p. m. Injuries: He had problems breathing(呼吸). |
Name: Norman Bailey Telephone:7836-4923 Date of birth:11/22/2002 Accident: He fell down while playing football in the park at 3:40p. m. Injuries: He had a very bad pain in his left arm. |
Name: Tracy White Telephone:3728-3890 Date of birth:2/7/2010 Accident: She went for a picnic with her parents in a forest. A snake bit her at 4:00 p. m. Injuries: Her right foot was bleeding(流血). |
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