Children in kinder gardens have a lot of chances to interact（互动）with other children at their age．If your child is not in it, it can be fun and helpful to create chances to play with others．Here are some things you can do to support your child's early partner relationship.

    Schedule regular playmates.

    Start when your child is around one year of age, set aside a few times a week for playtime with partners．{#blank#}1{#/blank#} .Even so, you still might want to give your baby a chance observe and communicate with children who are at the same developmental level.

    Join a playgroup.

    Many communities have organized playgroups for young children．{#blank#}2{#/blank#}，and learn to feel comfortable in a new setting．As an added benefit, while your child plays, you can talk with other parents who have children the same age as your own.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    You can organize a playground in your own home．It may involve just one other child, or as many as three or four．{#blank#}4{#/blank#}.Remember: safety first.

    Offer guidance when needed.

    If you see a child playing in a way that might hurt another, certainly you need to help her find a safer way to have fun．{#blank#}5{#/blank#}．But remember that some children need to watch for a while before they feel comfortable joining in —encourage everyone to join the fun, but don't push.

    Recently, children's literature has become more and more popular. In fact, children's literature has been welcomed by both children and adults. People have tried to find out why adults love children's literature just like children themselves {#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

    Children's literature is very different from adults' literature. Most of it is fantasy (幻想).{#blank#}2{#/blank#}. They can enjoy the fantasy world, which is never boring. The most important thing is that the world is bright and hopeful. In the fantasy world dead people can be alive again and broken legs can grow once more.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}.

{#blank#}4{#/blank#} When they read, their knowledge is increased and children know more about the truth. For a child who just learns to read, understanding the meaning of a word may be greater than learning the word itself.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} A large number of adults like it too. Not only young adults, parents and teachers, but also other people of all ages enjoys it. Both children and adults who love children's literature can get much pleasure from it.

A. Children can learn a lot from literature.

B. But there is no final answer.

C. Right always beats wrong in the end.

D. Children's literature is not only for children.

E. That means children can use their imagination.

F. What about the future of children's literature?

G. Children's literature can also influence children in education.

    The word “pub” is short for public house. There are around 60,000 pubs in the U.K. One of the oldest pubs, Fighting Cocks in St. Albans, Herts, is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century.

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} People talk, eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there. Pubs often have tow bars, one usually quieter than the other, and many have a garden where people can sit in summer.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Groups of friends normally buy “rounds” of drinks.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are busy: the bar staff will usually try and serve those who have been waiting the longest at the bar first.

    Most pubs offer a complete range of beers, local and imported, with German, Belgian and French beers being in demand.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}As a matter of fact, pubs sell soft drinks, too.

    The legal age to purchase alcohol is 18 in the U.K.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}But they must be with an adult and the adult orders it.

    It is illegal to sell alcohol to someone who already appears drunk. Fourteen-year-olds may enter a pub unaccompanied by adults if they order a meal. Children may enter a pub with their parents until 9 p.m., which lets families enjoy reasonably priced pub meals together. And it also allows pubs to play their traditional roles as community centers. Customs in British pubs differ from those in American bars. In most pubs in the U.K., you must go to the bar to order drinks and food and pay for your purchases immediately.

A. Most people might think pubs are places where people simply drink alcohol.

B. The person whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members of the group.

C. People aged 16 and 17, with the license's permission, may have only one glass of wine during a meal.

D. In the salon bar the atmosphere is quieter and there are fewer people.

E. Children can go into pub gardens with their parents.

F. Pubs are an important part of British life.

G. British people like drinking beers in pubs.

Decoding the young brain

    There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult felt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite.

    The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes.

    The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things.

    When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences.

    That is because when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！”

    To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.

    College graduation eventually means taking much of your attention in your first job search. This process can be challenging, especially for those students who had thought very carefully about their chosen major and their potential career path—or those who majored in a field not directly connected to a specific career he eventually got. If you are in one of these groups, fear not! {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Some majors are tied directly to specific career fields. For example, if you wish to become a teacher, you will likely have needed to complete an education program and eventually sit for a licensing exam. The same applies to majors in nursing. If you did not complete an acceptable nursing program, you won't be able to take the nursing licensing exam. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Other majors, however, are closely related to career paths but don't necessarily require a degree in the area. For example, students who majored in finance, math, or statistics may also have the necessary skills to be hired as an accountant.

    Hopefully, as a college student, you were able to do more than just attend classes and read your course books. Your non-academic experiences can be very influential on your future career as well. Did you work during college, volunteer, or participate in a club or organization?

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If you volunteered with a non-profit organization such as a homeless or domestic violence shelter, seek out positions in social services related to case management or victim advocacy. You may qualify for a position regardless of your major.

    Although it often seems like your college major alone determines your career fate, this just isn't the case. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} If you don't know what career options to consider based on your major, talk to your faculty or academic advisor. You may be surprised at what opportunities await!

A. If so, and if you enjoyed these activities, seek out related careers.

B. In these cases, successfully completing a specific major is crucial to landing a job in the matching field.

C. Graduating from a university with an excellent major and practical ability will surely make you more competitive.

D. It may influence it, but there are other factors that influence your career options as well.

E. The more you learn about workforce market, the better you'll know the importance of a desired major.

F. Although your major and coursework are relevant to landing a job, they are not the only deciding factors.

    In the 19th century, millions of European went to the USA because they wanted to find a better life. Many of them couldn't find work in cities like New York. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} The people, called settlers, travelled west through the mountains on the Oregon Trail.

    Some of these people hoped to find gold in California. The journey sometimes took more than one year. There are a lot of films, called Westerns, about the settlers on the trail. In most of the film, we see the Native Americans (American Indians) attacking the settlers, and the "Indians" killing many white people.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} In fact, most of them were very helpful to the settlers.

    It is true that the settlers' journey was extremely difficult. Many of them walked 3, 200 kilometers, the whole length of the trail. They had wagons(马车), but the wagons were often too full, so people could not travel in them. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} The people were very poor and many did not even have shoes-they walked the whole trail barefoot in extremely cold temperature.

    More than 50, 000 people, including many women and children, died on the trail. A lot of people died from illnesses like cholera, because the drinking water wasn't clean. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}Many people died under the wheels of wagons, for example, and from accidental gunshots.

A. They hoped they could make more money.

B. So they left and went to find farmland in the west.

C. Many parents also had to carry their small children.

D. But the truth is that the native Americans were not the biggest problem for the settlers.

E. Many of them lost their home.

F. There were also a lot of accidents.