题型:阅读表达 题类:常考题 难易度:困难
北京市房山区2020-2021学年高一下学期英语期中试卷
Kun Qu Opera developed under the Ming dynasty (fourteenth to seventeenth centuries) in the city of Kunshan, situated in the region of Suzhou in southeast China. With its roots in popular theatre, the repertory of songs developed into a major theatrical form. Kun Qu is one of the oldest forms of Chinese opera still performed today.
Kunqu has gone through several stages of change over the past hundreds of years. It was composed of long and short lines at the beginning, with a singer singing solo and the orchestra coming in at the end of each line. During the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644), it became more mild, and graceful, with performers attaching great importance to how clearly they recited and sang lines. The songs were written in seven-character or ten-character lines. This contrasts greatly from the opera's emphasis during the Yuan Dynasty(1271—1368), when only percussions(打击乐器) were used in the chorus. In the style that developed during the Ming Dynasty, more musical instruments were used.
It is characterized by its dynamic structure and melody (kunqiang). It combines songs and recitals as well as acrobatics and symbolic gestures. The opera features a young male lead, a female lead, an old man and various comic roles, all dressed in traditional costumes. Kun Qu songs are accompanied by bamboo flute(长笛), small drum, wooden clappers gongs, all used to punctuate actions and emotions on stage. Renowned for the rhythmic patterns, Kun Qu opera has had a considerable influence on more recent forms of Chinese opera, such as the Sichuan or Beijing opera.
The opera has suffered a gradual decrease since the eighteenth century because of the high-level technical knowledge that it requires from both its performers and audience. Of the 400 arias regularly sung in opera performances in the mid-twentieth century, only a few dozen continue to be performed. The Kun Qu opera survived through the efforts of dedicated connoisseurs(行家) and various supporters who seek to attract the interest of a new generation of performers.
Kun Qu has decreased gradually since the 18th century because of the development of technology.
Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables.
One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design(设计、制定) a schedule that they keep to. Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} And it will also give them a sense of control over how they spend their time.
Allow them to study in blocks(一段) of time. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Ideal study times are usually after dinner or right after school before dinner.
Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive(被动的) activity. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}
You'll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} After you've set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input(投入) you give your children during study periods will help form a bond(纽带、关系) and make studying enjoyable.
A. For example, they may want to study for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. B. Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed. C. Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too. D. Finally, spend time with your kids when they're studying. E. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward. F. This will help your kids to learn to schedule(制定学习时间表) their day. G. Pick a place where your children can study properly. |
Do you think you could learn a language in an hour?
We know, we know! We would expect you to be skeptical. It's ridiculous to think you can learn a language in 60 minutes. You wouldn't even get through the As in a bilingual dictionary in that amount of time! Best-case situation: in an hour, most of us could probably stuff a few words and ready-made phrases into our short-term memory (with a high likelihood of forgetting it all by the following day). Accomplishing anything more than that in one hour? Impossible. Unless…
We posed the one-hour language challenge to four polyglots(通晓数种语言的人) who are experts on how to study languages. To keep the challenge from becoming completely impossible, we gave them a bit of a break: to learn Romanian in one hour. Why Romanian? Because it's a Romance language and shares many similarities with the languages that the polyglots already know: French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese. And to make sure their hour of learning was as effective as possible, all of them were assigned a personal Romanian tutor to help coach them on their way to success.
Although each polyglot has a different technique for picking up and remembering a new language, all four methods offer valuable insights to anyone, from casual learners to hard-core language enthusiasts.
Alex Rawlings — UK
"I'm a bit nervous. This is probably the craziest language-learning thing I've ever done, but learning languages has always been about fun. I expect that, after this, I'll be prepared to have a simple chat over a coffee in Romanian. Is that reasonable?"
Method: Learn the verbs first
With only an hour until he had to start demonstrating his grasp of Romanian, Alex knew he had to start talking quickly. He chose to focus first on commonly used verbs and how to conjugate(动词变形) them. Once he had some verbs down, he could start collecting nouns from his tutor and plugging them in to make more interesting and relevant sentences.
Luca Lampariello — Italy
"Every time I have a conversation with native speakers, it really motivates me. Human contact is really important when learning a language."
Method: Start speaking right away
Speaking doesn't mean speaking perfectly. Speaking even a little bit is a huge confidence boost. When you can say something in a new language and people actually understand you, it's very motivating. Yes, you'll make mistakes, but you'll also learn faster than if you try to get it all perfect in your head first.
Michael Youlden — UK
"We all speak a variety of Romance languages which I think will help us get into Romanian quickly."
Method: Write everything down
Language learning is about recall; there's no use learning something if you don't remember it. Speaking new words aloud is very important, but so is writing them down — after all, words exist as sounds and in written form. Taking notes is a proven way to put new vocabulary and grammar into your memory. Writing supports memorizing which supports speaking... it's a cycle. Plus, you have an easy reference when you want to review what you've learned.
Matthew Youlden — UK
"I'm going to look for the patterns and similarities with languages I already know. We won't be able to speak fluently after an hour of study, but we should be able to get by with some basic vocabulary and phrases."
Method: Look for cognates
Cognates are words in different languages that look and sound similar and have the same meaning, due to a common origin. Almost every language combination contains cognates (even if two languages aren't seemingly related), but languages from the same language family have many more. Whichever language you are learning, identify the familiar words and then use them to anchor the new words that aren't so familiar. To use English as an example, because it's a sort of Germanic-Romance hybrid, English already has many words that cognate with German, Dutch and Swedish on one hand, and on the other hand it also has lots of words that cognate with French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and, of course, Romanian!
Learn a language with courses designed by the experts. Start here, today!
Pick a language to learn. German, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese, and Swedish.
Four Learning Methods From Four Language {#blank#}1{#/blank#}:How To Make Meaningful Progress In Your First Hour | |
The people who are {#blank#}2{#/blank#} | Four polyglots who are good at learning languages |
The language they are to study | Romanian |
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} limits 1 hour | 1 hour |
The reason for choosing the target language | Romanian has much in {#blank#}4{#/blank#} with their familiar languages |
The {#blank#}5{#/blank#} to learning the language | the language Alex: give {#blank#}6{#/blank#} to commonly used verbs; add some {#blank#}7{#/blank#} to make sentences |
Luca: attach great {#blank#}8{#/blank#} to speaking; don't be afraid to make mistakes | |
Michael: take notes to keep new words and grammar in {#blank#}9{#/blank#} | |
Matthew: try to {#blank#}10{#/blank#} similar words and patterns with familiar languages |
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