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题型:阅读表达 题类:模拟题 难易度:困难

北京市西城区2021届高三下学期英语一模试卷

阅读下面短文,根据题目要求回答问题。

Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep.

However, whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic (新陈代谢的) health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varying impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the workouts changed people's metabolisms.

Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8 and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.

He says, "This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms than the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of day—but only if we choose to keep doing it."

(1)、What inspired Professor Schrauwen to carry out the research related to the timing of workouts?
(2)、What did Schrauwen's new study figure out?
(3)、Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comparisons between two different subject groups.

(4)、When do you think is the best time for you to exercise? Why? (about 40 words)
举一反三
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

    People who are confident really seem to be naturally outstanding and just seem to do everything with more styles than others. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} It is a habit that everyone can develop in life. Try these simple tips to drill and build up your confidence:

1). Admit your shortcomings calmly.

    Do not try to flee from them or cover them. Face them bravely. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Fight against them every day until the day when you could break away and conquer them.

2). Dress for self-confidence.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} And therefore pay attention to your dress, display your unique physical advantages and exhibit your best image. In addition, on formal occasions such as a business conference or a wedding ceremony, elegant dressing contributes to building your confidence.

3). {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    You should break your routine that deals with the work passively. Concentrate your efforts immediately on overcoming it, because it will make your restless mind at ease and build your self-confidence.

4). Be positive.

    Feel pity neither on yourself nor on others. If you are used to hating and accusing yourself, others would tend to do that and believe it. Instead, you should speak positively about yourself, your progress, and your bright future. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Don't judge a person by appearance.

B. Build your confident vocabulary.

C. Don't put off what you eventually have to do.

D. Actually, true self-confidence is neither born nor acquired overnight.

E. By doing so, you would encourage your growth in a positive direction.

F. Then talk about them to a reliable mate, a friend or a family member.

G. Your appearance could put you into embarrassment or increase your confidence.

任务型阅读

                                                                           Ways to Free Your Mind You're Feeling Stuck

    Have you ever like you were racing around in without making much forward progress? If you're stuck and you don't know how to rise, don't look outside yourself. Look below.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

    Go back to what's important

    When we get stuck, it can be extremely useful to come back to these three things: core values, beliefs and goals. Why?{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Ask for help

    Very often, highly happy and successful people have a supporting group of friends, family and others who help them{#blank#}3{#/blank#}And don't be afraid to reach out and help someone who's even more stuck than you.

    Embrace the natural pathways

    When you get stuck, there's no need to go back to the drawing board. Ask the people around you about the systems that are working for them, read insightful books and blog articles, and use the same methods and pathways that others have used to get unstuck.{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Relocate yourself to an inspiring environment

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#}You can go for a walk in a nearby park. You can come out of the office for a cup of coffee. Or if you are at home, you can simply go to a different room in the house. Whether it's urban spaces, parks, libraries, museums or even our own backyards, there are plenty of available sources that we can draw inspiration and strength from.

A. Goals are the outcomes in life that we strive for.

B. Here are some useful ways to help yourself get unstuck.

C. When you are stuck, don't be afraid to ask for help.

D. One way to get unstuck is to simply change your environment.

E. Because they form the basics of what is important to us as individuals.

F. Break the circle of worry and work on something else.

G. In fact, the system is nothing more than a natural pathway of thought that someone has created with their mind.

任务型阅读

    You may be more interested in a boxing or yoga studio. If you are interested in variety, you'll be better off going with a larger complex that might contain equipment for sports, for example.

    Pay more attention to the importance of position.{#blank#}1{#/blank#} So pick a sport that fits your sense when a visit would typically occur. The fitness equipment should be close to your home or workplace. Whether to make it convenient or inconvenient is often one of the greatest barriers to success.

    Take advantage of free trials.{#blank#}2{#/blank#} During your visit, you want to think about the number of people using machines, the friendliness of the staff, and whether showers are offered there.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} The two primary places to check for dirt and stain are in the locker room and the comers of the workout rooms. Also pay attention to smell. Make sure there is a way to easily clean equipment.

    Talk with personnel about the busiest times and the number of members using the gym on a typical day.{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Learn about membership packages, extra fees and guest passes for friends and family.

    By thoughtfully considering gyms and fitness center you can ensure you will actually like your choice and use your membership. Considering the right aspects will help you pick good equipment.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Make sure everything is clean.

B. The places should be comfortable to use.

C. Good health is of great importance for you.

D. It's easy to ignore your body when you have a busy day.

E. The fitness center you like will offer a chance to try them out.

F. Find out whether they require pre-class registration or reservations.

G. So you can jump into achieving your fitness goals and improving your life.

认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章.后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意每空一词

    Have you ever kept your eyes groundward while otherwise presenting yourself well at a job interview? People who do often wonder why they fail to get the job despite having made full preparations and taken into consideration every possible interview question. To a large degree, the problem is not about your verbal preparation but rather your body language at an interview, Preparing your body language for an interview is crucial (至关重要的),because it has various meanings in different cultures.

    And how does the language of gestures vary between Chinese and Western society? Instead of examining the theory, let's focus on handshake, the most practical gesture that easily escapes our attention. Patti Wood once said, “Most of the hiring decisions are made in the first 10 seconds of an interview.” The way you shake the interviewer's hand could create the first impression you make. A weak handshake implies lack of confidence. But is it wise to use a powerful handshake? It depends. This would not be a problem if you were shaking hands with a Westerner as they appreciate a firm handshake. But for Asian people a gentler handshake is better, as an over-powerful grip might seem offensive.

    Hand gestures are another major difference. Western prospective employers are likely to appreciate interviewees who use their hands expressively, and to assume that those who keep their hands hidden are either distrustful or lacking in confidence. The opposite applies in Asia. Be sure, therefore, to keep your hand gestures to a minimum at interviews with local companies in China.

    There are, apart from these two differences, other elements of body language that could ruin your interview wherever you are. You should make eye contact with your interviewer. That doesn't mean you should glare directly into the interviewer's eyes. The best point of focus would be a little lower than the middle point. Secondly, you shouldn't touch your nose, lips or forehead. This tells the interviewer that you are either extremely nervous or lying. Lastly, never jiggle (抖动)your legs or fold your arms. Leg jiggling delivers clearly the message that you feel uneasy and want to escape as quickly as possible. Likewise, crossing your arms implies that you are either defensive or bored.

    A research entitled “Non-Verbal Clues in Job Interviews” found that interviewers spotted a high connection between motivation, social skills and employment. Job seekers hence communicate their motivation and social skills through their body language. This crucial factor determines your fate in any job interview, which is why I cannot overemphasize (过分强调)the significance of body language and gestures. If you now recall your last failed interview, perhaps it is easier to understand why you didn't get the job.

Don't let body language {#blank#}1{#/blank#}your job interview

Introduction

It is getting your body language well {#blank#}2{#/blank#}that matters in an interview.

Major {#blank#}3{#/blank#} between Chinese and Western society

Handshake, the most practical gesture, can easily be {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.

Westerners appreciate a firm handshake, which might {#blank#}5{#/blank#} Asian people.

To westerners, expressive hand gestures show you are {#blank#}6{#/blank#}and confident.

In China, you'd better {#blank#}7{#/blank#}your hand gestures.

Other elements of body language

Make {#blank#}8{#/blank#}eye contact with your interviewer.

{#blank#}9{#/blank#}touching your nose, lips or forehead.

Never jiggle your legs or fold your arms.

Conclusion

Your fate in any job interview {#blank#}10{#/blank#}on your body language.

阅读理解

    The memory of Dad flooded into my mind. In the morning when I was nine years old, he would come home from working 18 hours at his bakery and wake me up at 5 a.m. by scratching my back with his strong, powerful hand and whispering, “Time to get up, son.” By the time I was dressed and ready to roll, he had my newspaper folded and stuffed in my bicycle basket. Recalling his generosity of spirit brings tears to my eyes.

    When I was racing bicycles, he drove me 50 miles each way to Kenosha, Wisconsin, every Tuesday night so I could race and he could watch me. He was there to hold me if I lost and share the euphoria when I won.

    Later, he accompanied me to all my local talks in Chicago when I spoke to Century 21, Mary Kay and various churches. He always smiled, listened and ______ told whomever he was sitting with, “That's my boy!”

    In my dad's last telephone call to me, he said, “I am going home to Denmark, son, and I want to tell you I love you.” He repeated that line seven times in half an hour. I wasn't listening at the right level. I heard the words, but not the message, and certainly not their profound intention.

    Two days later, Dad passed away. My heart was in pain because Dad was there for me but I wasn't there for him. Please always, always share your love with your loved ones, and try to be invited to that important period when physical life transforms into spiritual life. Experiencing the process of death with one you love will give you a deeper understanding of life.

阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Climb of a lifetime

British historian Jacob Bronowski once wrote, "Man masters nature not by force, but by understanding. "

This is especially true for extreme climber Alex Honnold, who climbed the California's EI Capitan by himself, without any safety ropes. The New York Times called it "one of the greatest athletic feats of any kind, ever".

Now you can watch him do it. The documentary Free Solo, which hit Chinese mainland cinemas on Sept. 6, shows Honnold's brave journey up the 914-meter vertical(垂直的) mountain. The film won the 2019 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in February. In it, Honnold gives us some useful advice: "You'll always feel fear, but over time you'll realize the only way to truly manage your fear is to broaden your comfort zone."

In fact, free climbing is a testament to perseverance(毅力), control, and concentration. "I'm not thinking about anything when I'm climbing," Honnold said. "I'm focused on executing(执行) what's in front of me. " This strong focus on the present is sort of meditation(冥想) that we can use in our daily routines.

While the documentary seemingly praises extreme athletes for pushing the limits of human potential, some are concerned about Honnold recklessly(不顾一切地) risking his own life. "His continued pursuit of ropeless ascents(攀登) puts significant stress on his loved ones, even when he succeeds," Climbing Magazine noted.

Free Solo seems to say that with enough courage and dedication(全心投入), one can accomplish any goal. However, the movie may also be viewed as the disturbing story of a climber who went against all better judgment and got away with it(未遭遇不测).

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