阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。

We need to be responsible(有责任心的)for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者)is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean?

Use it up

 ① ____

You do not always need to have new things. Suppose there are holes in your socks. Mend them and wear them longer. You don't have to have the latest telephone until the old one doesn't work anymore. Then you get a new one. Think twice before replacing something that still works.

②_________

When something you want is not on hand look for something else that you already have to take its place. Suppose you are preparing your lunch for tomorrow and want a better sandwich. However, there is not any butter in your home. Have a cheese sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buy something new.

Do without

Think about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need them? How long will you really play with that new toy? Make a list of things that you want. Delete the things that you don't really need, so you can save a lot of resources(资源).

   In 1834, the clock tower in London was burned down. People planned to build a new clock which would be the biggest and best in the world. So the clock had to be big and keep very good time. The big clock was made in two years. Five more years later the tower was finished. Then people put the big clock in the tower, and made it ring out for the first time on July 11, 1859.

   In order to give the big clock a good name, people held a meeting. Someone wanted to call it the Queen of Bells, and someone thought Victoria was good. At last, a man named Benjamin Hall stood up. He was a big man. Before he started to speak, someone shouted, “Why not call it Big Ben?” Everybody laughed and agreed with him.

   From then on, Big Ben became its name. And it also became a famous building of London. People all over the world write to Big Ben. They even send birthday presents—bottles of oil-to help keep Big Ben running. Big Ben is not only a clock but also a dear friend of people.

    THE HISTORY OF LIVING IN SPACE

    Space travel is nothing new. The first spacecraft with a human on board blasted into space In 1961. since then, people have not only been travelling to space, but many of them have also lived there for extended periods.

Food

    All the meals on space stations are put together on Earth and sent to the space station, along with the astronauts, by space shuttle. Because the food has to last a long time (sometimes up to three months), a lot of it has to be preserved by dehydration or canning.

    The space station does not have a freezer to preserve food, but It does have a cool room to keep fruit and vegetables fresh.

Astronauts also eat many other foods such as cereals, cereal bars, nuts and dried fruit that do not need any special preparation.

    Eating

    Astronauts have a set timetable each day. This tells them when to do everything, including when to have their meals. At meal preparation time, they start getting their food ready, which often includes adding water to re-hydrate the dehydrated foods.

    Without the help of gravity, sitting down to eat can be tricky. Astronauts sometimes have to strap themselves and their food into place. Because of lack of gravity, astronauts cannot use ground salt and pepper, and all drinks must be taken from bottles. They also have to be careful that crumbs do not fly off and get stuck in vents and instrument panels.

    Jamie Feilden has been interested in farms since he was a little child. Now he is planning to pass on his love for farms to students.

    28-year-old Mr Feilden is going to set up a charity (慈善机构). He plans to raise money for students from city schools who would like to visit Jamie's Farm and experience country life.

    Mr Feilden first got the idea for his project when he started working for the Teach First Project after graduating from university in Edinburgh.

    "When I worked in a school in Croydon, I realized the students there had little experience of farm life. Many of the students in the school had never been out of Croydon before. Of course, they had never seen farm animals,"said Mr Feilden. "So I opened up a small farm in the school. It was a real success."

    Mr Feilden once took a group of students back to his hometown. There the students saw many animals. They had lots of fun spending time in the countryside. Since then he has done more work on his own farm project. He even started working for it full time.

    Mr Feilden said, "Living and working in the countryside can give children a chance to eat food produced on the farm. They can also do some gardening, cooking and be with animals there."

    Now Jamie's Farm needs volunteers. If you are interested in donating your money or time, you can get in touch with Jamie by e-mailing him.

    Once upon a time, there was a king. He only had one leg and one eye, but he was very smart and kind. Everyone lived a happy and healthy life because of the king. One day, the king was walking through the palace hallway and saw the paintings of his ancestors(祖先).He thought that one day his children would also walk in the same hallway and remember all the ancestors through these paintings. He wanted his children to remember him, too. So he invited many famous artists to his palace.

    All of the artists began to think about the king's physical disabilities(生理缺陷). How could his painting be made very beautiful? It was not possible. They weren't sure what his painting would be like. So one by one, they all started to politely refuse to make a painting of the king.

    But suddenly one artist raised his hand and said he would make a very nice painting of the king. The king became happy hearing that. Then the artist started painting. After a long time, the painting was ready.

    When the artist showed the painting, everyone was shocked. In the painting, the king was sitting on a horse, on the one—leg side, holding his bow (弓箭) and aiming (瞄准) something with his one eye closed. The king was very happy and gave him lots of money.

    As we all know, no one is perfect. So we should try to focus on (关注) others' advantages instead of their disadvantages. Just take an optimistic view (乐观的观点) of the event. Everyone can do a good job.

    Don't be too surprised if you see a car going down the road without a driver in Beijing these days. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}Last month, Baidu began to test its self-driving cars on open roads in Beijing.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#}Since then, companies like Tesla, Uber and Baidu have been working to produce and test their own self—driving cars.

    Self-driving cars are safer than regular cars. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}They can remove the stress of driving and allow disabled or blind people to get around more easily.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}In one test, researchers pointed a laser pointer (激光棒) at the car's sensors (传感器) while it was moving. The car mistakenly thought that the laser beam was in its way and slowed down or changed the direction.

    The software that is used to direct the cars may not be safe enough. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}When we use our computers or smartphones, they sometimes crash (崩溃) without any reason. But if this happened to a self-driving car, the result could be deadly. Improvements to the software could be a solution to this problem.