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题型:阅读选择 题类:模拟题 难易度:普通

浙江省丽水市青田县第二中学2020年初中毕业生学业模拟英语考试试卷

阅读理解

    When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a special smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be a warning. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds(VOCs).

    Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Obviously. Because we can watch the neighbors' react.

    Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes to attract different insects who are their natural enemies. Once the insects arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.

    In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors stay safer because they heard the warning and knew what to do.

    Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don't know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches  and so, in fact, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to hear the cry by accident and so wrong information was exchanged.

    Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate than the world we can see and hear, our senses are weak. There's a whole lot going on.

(1)、What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A、It makes noises. B、It gets help from other plants. C、It stands quietly. D、It sends out certain chemicals.
(2)、What does "the tables are turned" mean in Paragraph 3?
A、The attackers are attacked. B、The insects gather under the table. C、The plants get ready to fight back. D、The perfumes attract natural enemies.
(3)、Scientists find from their studies that plants can__________.
A、talk to one another B、predict natural disasters C、protect themselves against insects D、help their neighbors when necessary
(4)、What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A、The world is changing faster than ever. B、People have stronger senses than before. C、The world is more colorful than it seems. D、People in Darwin's time were full of imagination.
举一反三
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

    Have you ever dreamed about sending a letter to yourself or your friends in the future? While express mail(快递) is a fast way to send your letters, there is another type of mail appearing in China as a new business—future mail.

    "The letter should be sent next Mother's Day and not a day earlier!" Lin Xiaofan, a college student in Shanghai, tells one of the companies offering the service.

    Lin Xiaofan wrote the letter to her mother nearly a year earlier to express her love to her mother for next Mother's Day.

    "Offering this service makes people slow down and lets them understand the meaning of 'time' in another way," said Zheng Zhimin, manager at a "future mail" company. Zheng thinks "future mail" letters help remind us of care, friendship and love.

    While "future mail" is becoming more and more popular, some people are wondering what will happen if the postal address changes or if the company goes broken before the letters arrive.

    Zheng said customers are glad to sign a contract(签订合同) to make sure that they can be compensated if their letters are lost or damaged.

    Most of the customers are college students and young white-collar(白领) workers. Psychologists (心理学家) said that young Chinese might have a new way to express their feelings through this service. Most people put their hopes and wishes in the letter so that they can experience the connection(联系) between the past and the present when they receive the letter.

 阅读下面材料,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。

Helping others is a great thing to do. You can learn new things and have fun. There are many ways of helping others. You can help people, animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help?

Charities (慈善机构)

Charities are organizations that help others, for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund. You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.

Volunteering

Volunteering is when you give your time to help others. It's something which you do not have to do or for which you will not be paid. Some ways of volunteering are: visiting old people to talk to them or help them walking dogs at an animal shelter (避难所), cleaning up a park.

Fundraising

Fundraising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fundraising are: making cakes or biscuits to sell, doing a sponsored (赞助) activity. For example, family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.

Donating

Donating is when you give your things or money to help others. Some ways of donating are: giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people, giving your old books to a library, giving your money to a charity. So, what can you do to help others?

 阅读理解

Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor(味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals(化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease. 

No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating(刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes. 

Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:

Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes. 

Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes. 

Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes. 

If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don't worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion's chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears "happy tears".

 从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中, 使短文完整与正确。(其中有一个多余选项) 第45题: 按要求回答问题。

Ways to increase confidence

 Self-confidence is important for everyone's success. If you don't have confidence, it becomes very hard to move forward and make progress in life. With this in mind, here are some tips to increase confidence. 

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

 One thing that's easy to do is to change your appearance. It's amazing how good a new dress, a haircut, or having your teeth whitened or your nails done can make you feel. Even a humble shower and a shave can give your self-image a lift. Looking confident will help you feel more confident. 

{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

 Leave behind the ones who put you down. If that's not possible, see them less. A survey of  48 studies by the American Psychological Association in 2019 found positive(积极的) social relationships improved self-confidence but poor-quality relationships had a bad effect. Actively meet them, as having fun with great people will make you feel better about yourself. 

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

 Getting out of your comfort zone will give you a sense of achievement and help yourself-belief. When you try new things and accept new challenges, you will be surprised to find there will be dreams. Would you like to paint better? Look around for an art class. You'll will boost your self-confidence and get to meet like-minded people at the same time. 

{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

 Research has shown that getting out into a green space can increase self-confidence. Meanwhile, Canadian research found that joining some groups benefited self-confidence more than having lots of friends. So why not kill two birds with one stone and sign up for a walking group, a local conservation group or a gardening club?

A. Try something new

B. Give yourself a new look

C. Make plans with positive people

D. Join lots of outdoor groups

E. Cheer yourself up

Please give one more way of increasing confidence and list at least two reasons. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Have you heard of the saying "Fall down seven times, stand up eight. "? It means that no matter how difficult things get and no matter how many mistakes you have made, you still have the passion(热情) and energy to keep going. This is called perseverance and it can help you achieve lots of things.

Perseverance means keeping doing something over a long time, even when it gets difficult. It's believed that you can reach a goal if you prepare to work for it. Practicing a skill on your bike over and over again or finishing a picture without throwing it away shows perseverance. Florence, 12, says, "It means never giving up, being determined and trying hard to push yourself. I go running with my mom three times a week, even when I don't like it, because I want to be the fastest in my class. "

Studies show that feeling hopeful and working towards a goal can reduce stress and make you feel happier. Achieving something you've worked hard for, and overcoming challenges along the way, can also develop your confidence and make you feel braver to try new things. Angela Duckworth, an expert in thoughts and feelings, believes that it doesn't matter how talented, clever or rich you are, having    grit is what really helps you succeed. She explains, "No matter how gifted you are, and no matter how easily you do well in your lessons, you should have perseverance. "

Duckworth believes perseverance is something anyone can learn, and the best way to do this is to have a growth mindset. This means believing that your brain can grow, and that you can achieve anything if you put your mind to it. So instead of thinking "I can't do this", try thinking "I can't do this. . . yet".

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