题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
America is a country of immigrants.1The group of people with the longest period of residence in North America are American Indians. It is believed that they migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. The next people to come to what is now the U. S. were Europeans.
They came as colonists(殖民者)between 350 and 250 years ago. Many of these colonists came from England and settled along the Atlantic coast.2They settled in Florida and in the southwestern part of the country. Through the 19th century, more immigrants came to the U. S. The earlier ones were largely from Ireland, Germany and other parts of Western Europe.3 In this century many Eastern Europeans have. come to the U. S. and more recently thousands of people from Southeast Asia and the Caribbean area have come to live in the U. S.
4Some came in order to make better lives for themselves in a new country. Others came so that they could worship their religions more freely. Many immigrants left their homelands because of war, political unrest or bad economic and living conditions.
Although most immigrants chose to come to the U. S. themselves, they often suffered hardships getting to the country. The conditions in which many people lived when they first arrived were very difficult. However, most immigrants managed to establish themselves. 5 The U. S. today is called the melting pot since people who came from different countries have all become Americans.
A. Other colonists came from Spain.
B. Now, they usually have good lives in the U. S.
C. After fighting with the Indians, they controlled the areas.
D. These people have come to the U. S. for many reasons.
E. Many people came to the U. S. for better living surroundings.
F. Nearly the entire population can trace its origins to some places outside the U. S.
G. Later, many immigrants came from northern and southern Europe and from Asia
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A. Maintain eye contact. B. Instead, focus on what is being said. C. You do not have to agree on everything. D. Also, set aside other internal thinking and dialogue. E. Listening is not something that comes naturally or easily for most of us. F. Reflecting back what you've heard signals that you're attempting to understand fully. G. Remember that listening is not just to gather information and share ideas, but also to gain perspective and understanding. |
A Few Active Listening Guidelines
Listening is arguably the most important element of interpersonal communication. Our ability to listen well impacts the quality of all of our relationships, and not just at home with our family and friends—it can also affect our relationships and interactions on the job, as well as the effectiveness and quality of our work.
{#blank#}1{#/blank#} Instead, it is a skill that must be cultivated and practiced. Active listening means the difference between simply hearing, and listening with the intent to truly understand. It is a subtle but important distinction.
①Give focused attention
Try to minimize external (外部的) distractions. Turn down the noise, and put down or step away from what you're doing if possible. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Don't watch the clock, fidget (坐立不安) or go over your to-do list for later.
②{#blank#}3{#/blank#}
Direct eye contact shows your attention and intention to listen. This doesn't mean stare, though. Be reasonable, but try not to let your eyes wander to whatever is going on around you.
③Reflect back
Restate, but don't repeat verbatim. Paraphrase what you think the other party is saying with responses such as: "What I'm hearing is…" or "Let me see if I'm following you…"{#blank#}4{#/blank#}
④Respond appropriately
Be open and honest in your responses. Share your thoughts, insights and feelings in a clear, but respectful and considerate manner if you disagree.
Active listening is a model for good communication. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} It takes practice to develop active listening skills, and it's a habit that has to be reinforced (加强). Remind yourself that the goal of conversation is not merely to trade words, but to truly understand what the other party is saying and to be understood in turn.
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