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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

初中英语牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1 Past and present单元测试

根据材料内容,选择正确答案。

    Why do plants grow in some places and not in others? Why does some land have so many plants growing on it, while other land has almost no plants growing on at all?

    To grow, plants need some things. One is warmth. In very cold places, almost nothing grows, Plants also need water. In very dry parts of the Earth, only a few unusual plants can grow. That's why dry deserts(沙漠)almost don't have trees or grass.

    Plants must also have a place in which to put down their roots(根)and grow. They find it difficult to grow on hard land. The town is on hard land. The plants here can only grow in the soil(土壤)between the cracks of the stones.

    Another thing plants must have before they can grow is food.

    What will happen if we try to make things grow on the sandy(有沙的)beach? A few plants, such as beach grass, will grow in sand, but most plants won't. Even if(即使)the weather is warm enough and we water the plants each day, many of them will die because the sand on this beach has almost no food for plants.

(1)、According to the passage, plants need _______ things to grow well.

A、two B、three C、four D、five
(2)、What does the underlined word "cracks" mean in the text?

A、缝隙 B、表面 C、上面 D、底部
(3)、From the passage, we can know it is _______ for plants to grow in dry places.

A、easy B、difficult C、impossible D、important
(4)、The reason why most plants can't grow on the sandy beach is that _______.

A、there isn't enough sunlight B、there is too much water C、it has too much food there D、it has little food for plants
(5)、We may find the passage in a _______ book.

A、science B、history C、travel D、math
举一反三
阅读理解

D

    Have you ever had dreams about building a robot? Or putting together a spaceship? Or even seeing your face made out of chocolate? Done. All you need is a 3-D printer.

    The possibilities of 3-D printing seem endless(无穷尽的).All the user has to do is to design an object on the computer and choose a material to print in. The printers print in hundreds of different materials including glass, sugar and even skin! When the user presses(按)“print", the 3-D printer spreads the materials layer(层)by layer and like magic the object is produced.

    The first 3-D printer was invented in 1986 by an American, Charles Hull. But 3-D printing has only become cheap enough recently for most people to use. Designers now use 3-D printing to create unusual things. The Dutch artist Dirk Vander Kooj prints furniture made from old fridges. And doctors have used 3-D printing to print human body parts! The Telegraph reported in February that scientists from Cornell Medical College even printed a man-made ear.

    But like a lot of new technologies, if 3-D printing gets into the wrong hands, it can be dangerous.

    In 2011 a group of four men in the US used 3-D printing to produce ATM skimmers(提款机盗刷器).These were placed on an ATM and stole over $400,000 from users of the ATM. It is terrible to think that criminals like them might one day use a 3-D printer to print a gun.

    But for better or for worse, 3-D printing has been put into use. In a few years, you'll probably be wondering how you could ever live without your 3-D printer!

根据短文内容,选择最佳选项。

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

    Is your TV connected to the Internet? What about your chair, or your fridge? Probably they are not. But in the future, most things in your home may be connected, thanks to the so-called "Internet of things".

    The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think. Earlier this year, Samsung CEO spent a lot of time talking about the Internet things. He said that three years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it's a remote control or a washing machine.

    So, how do household objects that are part of the Internet of things work? Well, think of a common chair. When connected to the Internet, the chair warms up when it knows the user has just walked into the room and is feeling cold.

    An Internet-connected camera could help people feel safer in their homes. It can know people's faces and has an infrared sensor(红外传感器), so even if it's dark it can see when someone passes by and send you a message on your smart-phone to let you know who's there. If the person is someone you don't know, it can tell you that, too.

    But according to MIT Technology Review, whether companies are connecting dog food bowls or safety systems to the Internet, there may be some problems. For example, many early connected-home objects don't have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked(攻击). Moreover, it could be difficult to get these new machines to work together especially when they are made by different companies. To fight this, many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45 members by late 2015.

    So, picture this: you enter your home. The temperature changes to make you feel comfortable. Your favorite music starts playing for you. Do you think that this would be a good thing? It may happen sooner than you think.

阅读理解

    Do stars only appear at night? The answer is no .Venus (金星) is the one and only star that can be seen in the daytime. It shone at its brightest in the night sky on February 17th, 2017.

    Venus is the second planet from the sun in our solar system. It is the second brightest natural object, behind Earth's moon, in the night sky. Why is it so bright?

    First of all, Venus is the closest planet to Earth. It is also covered by highly reflective (反射的)clouds, which can reflect about 70 percent of the sunlight striking(照射) it, almost twice as much as Earth does.

    Some called 2017 the year of Venus, because the planet is at its brightest when it goes further away from the sun, and nearer to Earth. The brightest moment happened once in February, and happened again, during daylight, on April 30th.

    If Venus is so bright and close to us, isn't it a better choice for human exploration than Mars? It is closer to Earth than Mars and it's closer to Earth in size. The closer distance to the sun means solar power would be easier to generate (产生) as well.

    However, with a temperature of about 465℃on the surface, Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system!

    But scientists never give up. Recently, a team of NASA and Russian scientists created new computer equipment that can stand the temperature of 480℃. It can work under Venus-like conditions for almost 22 days.

    The next step, according to the scientists, is to send a probe(探测器)to Venus by 2025.

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