题型：阅读选择 题类：模拟题 难易度：普通
浙江省温州市2020年中考英语复习卷（一）（外研版）（含听力音频）
The FDA is the common name for the Food and Drug Administration. It is a government agency that makes consumer goods safe. It regulates food and the food supply. It also controls diet supplement. The FDA also makes sure that drugs and medical instruments are safe and effective.
For drugs and medical machines to be accepted, they must go through a certain process. There are many strict tests. First, anything that humans use must be tested on animals. This may take up to 6 years. Then, it must be tested with a few people. Testing on 15 to 20 people can last up to a year and a half. Third, a mid-sized group (100 to 500 people) is used. This often takes two years. Then a large group is tested over 3 years. Of 5,000 drugs discovered, only 5 go to the final test. Of that, only one passes on to the market.
Food supplements like ginseng follow a different path. The FDA does not test them as they do for drugs. The agency only controls these products if they are unsafe but are already being sold. Two exceptions are baby and medical food. Because those that use them are not strong, the FDA is more careful with these products.
Labeling is a major focus. A label must show what a product is for. For drugs, labels should say the name of the drug and what it is used for. It should also detail who should take it and list any side effects. It needs to detail directions for pregnant women, children, or old people. It also needs to detail safety information.
The FDA protects the public from harm. It achieves this through controls and labeling. It has standards for effectiveness in medical products. It also has standards for how information is shared.
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Trains are great for getting around cities and traveling long distances (距离). Here are some of the world's fastest trains.
Shanghai Maglev Train(磁悬 浮列车)， China | Shanghai Maglev Train reaches a top speed of 431 kilometers each hour. It means the 30-kilometer train line from Shanghai Pudong International Airport to Longyang Road Station takes about eight minutes. It is also said that Shanghai Maglev Train has reached 500 kilometers each hour during tests. |
CR400 Fuxing, China | CR400 Fuxing trains travel at a top speed of 350 kilometers each hour, and they have reached 420 kilometers each hour during tests. Used in large cities across China, these trains can take passengers from Beijing to Shanghai in just under five hours. |
ICE 3, Germany | Intercity-Express(ICE) trains(城际特快列车) travel across Germany and some other parts of Europe, and ICE 3 trains are the fastest among them. They usually travel at up to 300 kilometers each hour, or up to 330 kilometers each hour if they're running late. And these trains have reached 368 kilometers each hour in tests. |
JR East E5, Japan | JR East E5 trains travel between Tokyo and Hakodate. Although they've traveled at up to 400 kilometers each hour during tests, these trains usually move at up to 320 kilometers each hour for normal travel. |
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