It took 13 years of international effort to map the human biological blueprint of all the genes (基因) that make us different people. The first rough draft (草图) made in 2000. The last of our 23 chromosomes (染色体) was clearly described in 2006. Ever since then, the age of personal genetic testing has been upon us. Since that time, a growing number of private companies have come on the market mostly through the Internet, offering to scan your personal DNA and compare it to some disease markets of the blueprint, called DTC genetic tests.

    But over the last five years the medical world has been discussing excitedly about whether these DTC tests are helpful or harmful, scientifically believable or completely useless. One of the usual criticisms (批评) is that the science is so new that no one really knows yet how to explain the information.

    "At present they largely remain in the period of research studies," notes Dr. Greg Ferro, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute. Ferro says there are two reasons." The first is that when they offer a test, are they really checking what they should check? And then the next is that even if it is believable, does what the test is checking really mean anything to your health?"

    Other worries include the privacy of the results and how your personal genetic information might be used by insurance (保险) companies to refuse your insurance or your boss to dismiss you. Or you could learn information with a huge social or personal impact (冲击), such as finding out that genetically you cannot possibly be the father of your child. It can also give you risks that may break your life, such as whether you are at high risk of cancer, Parkinson or other terrible diseases.

    Criticisms over the tests are such that some countries, such as Germany, have banned them. In 2011, some scientists advised the US government that most tests should be done under the guidance of medical professionals (专家). The UK government also expressed its worries about DTC genetic tests and in August 2010 made a set of rules to guide the development of genetic tests.

    In 2011, three medical researchers published a review article in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, saying that such tests offered more risks than benefits. The most important reason is that the tests might create worries or unreal results or drive unnecessary medical treatments. They also noted some of the genetic information the tests are based on at present is far from being perfect.

    Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. Many guests like the idea because they don't have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. They want to ask people to use less disposable things.

    Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources (资源) and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.

    Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. Then you can use it over and over again. Do not use paper cups. At your school canteen(食堂), use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.

注意：

1)短文必须包括以上导图中所有内容，并适当发挥；

2)文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息；

3)词数:80-100。

My Hobby

①The scientific method is used for simple experiments that students may do in the classroom or very difficult experiments that scientists are doing all over the world. It is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions (结论). There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis(假设), experiment, and conclusion.

②The steps may not always be completed in the same order, but the first step is usually observation and asking a question about your observation. For example, you had a sick stomach, and ate a candy bar. An hour later, you observed that you felt much better. Here, you can ask a question, such as, "What makes a sick stomach feel better?"

③The second step is to state a possible answer to the question, or a hypothesis, such as "    ▲ " A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions. 

④The third step is the experiment, to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false.

⑤The final step is to think about what happened when you tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it does not support the hypothesis, you may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment.

Reading is very important. World Book Day falls on April 23 every year. It encourages people, especially teenagers, to discover the pleasure of reading. It is also the day to honor(尊敬) great writers. 

Many countries celebrate World Book Day. On that day, millions of school children can buy books at a much lower price than usual in any bookstore in England. World Book Day is also celebrated in China. Wen Jiabao, the former Premier(前总理) of China, is a bookworm who does lots of reading every day. He called on people to do more reading. " Books cannot change the world, but people can change the world by changing themselves through reading, " he said. 

Why do people like reading? One big advantage is that reading helps us become more knowledgeable and more intelligent. Also, reading helps us to follow the latest developments of science and technology. Besides, reading gives us information about other cultures and places of the world. When we read, we may find many things that are unfamiliar to us. We would have to use our brain to think about them or do more reading to find out the answers. The more we read, the more we know. What's more, reading is also one of the most important ways to learn a foreign language like English. 

Books, magazines, newspapers and other kinds of reading materials can help us to know more about the outside world. So it is necessary for us to spend time reading every day. 

Hello, I'm Wu Dong. I study at a basketball school in Jiangxi, China. In this school, I learn 1 to play basketball. Also, I study other subjects like math and music. 

Every 2 , I get up at 6:00 a. m. and get dressed myself. Sometimes, I take a shower in the morning, I always brush my 3 twice a day to keep them clean. And I have classes in the classroom before lunch. The afternoon is the 4 for basketball. I 5 basketball so I practice it very hard. 

After dinner, I usually take a walk for half an hour with my friends. And then we go to the library to do our homework. I like going there because it's very 6 . In our library, there are many books for me to read. Every night, I must 7 at 9 o'clock. The teacher 8 says, "To have a healthy body, you must sleep for about 9 hours each day. "

From Mondays to Fridays, I can't use my phone and the teacher keeps it for me. On Saturdays, he will give it to me and I can 9 my parents. 

You may say my school 10 is very boring, but I think it's of great fun. I want to be a basket- ball player and I think I can make my dream come true in the future.