题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
北京市四中2020届九年级上学期英语期中考试试卷
Scientist Stephen Hawking had to work really hard to speak. He chose letters and words from a screen controlled by movements of a muscle in his cheek. However, the slow system he used might soon be replaced. With a very different approach, doctors have found a way to get a person's speech directly from their brain.
The system uses brain-reading software. It works only for sentences it has been trained on. Doctors at the University of California in San Francisco (UCSF) set out to create a better product, which allows people who are paralyzed (瘫痪的) to communicate more quickly than Hawking's device, which uses muscle twitches(抽搐)to control a keyboard.
The Study of Brain Activity
The work was possible thanks to three patients. They had epilepsy(癫痫症). This is a condition that has something to do with the nerves. It causes seizures(痉挛). This is when their body suddenly moves on its own. They were about to have surgery(外科手术)for their condition.
Before their surgery, they had a small device placed on their brain for at least a week. It was used to map their seizures. The patients could speak normally, and they agreed to take part in Doctor Chang's study. The doctor used the devices to record brain activity while each patient was asked nine questions. The patients were also asked to read a list of 24 possible responses.
Using the recordings, Chang and his team built computer models. The models learned to match patterns of brain activity to the questions the patients heard and the answers they spoke. Once trained, the software could identify questions and responses almost instantly. It used only brain signals. It was correct on what question a patient heard 7 out of 10 times. The software identified what response they gave 6 out of 10 times.
Improving Software to Read More Varied Speech
Even with the breakthrough, there are hurdles ahead. One challenge is to improve the software so it can translate brain signals into a variety of speech. This will require software trained on a huge amount of spoken language and matching brain signals. These signals will be different from one person to another.
Another goal is to read "imagined speech", or sentences spoken in the mind. The system in the study detects brain signals that are sent to move the mouth. However, for some patients these signals may not be enough. More advanced ways of reading sentences in the brain will be needed.
Hi! My name is Jacob and I'm from the USA. I'm 13 years old and everyone says I'm a funny boy. I think they're right. When I go to a party or when I'm with my family, I like making people laugh(笑). {#blank#}1{#/blank#}I also like reading and playing computer games.
My brother, Kevin, is 15 years old. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} He often makes delicious food for us when he is free. When we want to eat dumplings, he makes dumplings for us. {#blank#}3{#/blank#}We like it a lot.
Kevin and I live in the same room. {#blank#}4{#/blank#}We clean it every day. We have healthy eating habits. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} We think they are bad for our health. Kevin is my good brother and he's also my best friend.
A. His food is very popular in my family. B. Our room is very tidy. C. He likes cooking very much. D. We like to play sports. E. We dọn't eat hamburgers or ice creams. F. I like telling funny stories. |
Good morning, my friends! Nice to meet you. Let me introduce my family to you.
First,{#blank#}1{#/blank#}. I'm a middle school student in Hangzhou. My name is Jack Smith. Jack is my first name. What's my last name? It is Smith. It's my family name, too. Then,{#blank#}2{#/blank#}. Her name is Mary Smith. She is two years older than me. Her first name is Mary. And her last name is Smith, too. Her telephone number is 368 5689. Finally,{#blank#}3{#/blank#}. They are Mike and Gina. Mike is my father's brother. Gina is Mike's wife. They have a son. His name is Eric. And he is my cousin.
Oh,{#blank#}4{#/blank#}. My grandparents, my parents and I are in the photo. I must find it. Can you help me?
A. this is my family photo B. I would like to introduce myself C. this is my sister D. I can't find my family photo E. these are my uncle and aunt |
What's your family like? (答案不多于15词) {#blank#}5{#/blank#}
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