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题型:阅读选择 题类:常考题 难易度:困难

Plant scientists consider them as fruit. Most other people think of them as vegetables. Whatever you call tomatoes, there are many different kinds of this popular and healthy food.
There are two groups of the plants. Small tomato plants grow to about one meter. They can be planted rather close together. Some short kinds do not require special care and are often gotten crop by machines. Large tomato plants can grow over two meters tall. They also produce larger fruits.
People who grow only a few plants can place wire cages around each one. The cage can be made of wire fence material. The cage helps the plant grow taller and produce a better crop.
Tomatoes often need extra calcium (Ca), or the fruits may be ruined. Add lime to the soil can solve this problem. Dry lands may also ruin the fruits. Tomatoes need water regularly. The soil should never dry out completely. Dried grass or leaves placed around the plant can help hold water in the soil and stop the growth of unwanted plants.
Tomatoes are native to South America. The tomato is a member of the potato family. The leaves of the plant are poisonous, like the leaves of its relatives. Before the 18th century, people grew tomatoes only as pretty plants. They called the bright red fruit a “love apple”, but would not eat it.

(1)、Which of the following is right about the small tomato plants?
 

A、They can grow to about 2 meters. B、 They can't be planted close together. C、Some of them don't require special care.
(2)、People place wire cages around the plant in order to ___________.


A、protect the plant from being taken by others. B、 help the plant grow taller and produce a better crop C、keep the plant from being eaten by animals
(3)、The underlined word “ruin” probably means “___________”.
 

A、grow B、destroy  C、stop  
(4)、People often give tomatoes extra calcium by ___________.
 

A、adding lime to the soil B、watering the plant regularly C、 putting dried grass around the plant
(5)、What can we learn from the passage?
 

A、omatoes are native to North America. B、The leaves of the plant can also be eaten. C、Americans began to eat tomatoes from the 18th century.
举一反三
   When you are curious about something and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The following steps can guide you during the research.
   Step 1 Write down the subject that you are interested in on a piece of paper. Just get the main idea down. For example, you might write:
Discover more about robots.
   Step 2 Stop and think for a moment about what you have already known about your subject. List what you have already known like the sentences below:
   1. The first robot appeared in the USA in 1959.
   2. A robot can do housework and act as a teacher.
   3. Sometimes a robot catches viruses and causes a lot of problems.
   Step 3 What can you do with what you want to learn? By asking questions, start writing down questions about the robots on the paper:
   1. What might robots be like in the future?
   2. What other things can robots do for people?
   3. What kind of power will robots possibly use in five years?
   Step 4 Armed with your list of questions, you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.
   For example, you might discover that robots can help scientists explore dangerous places, like the sea and outer space. How? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.
   The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember that learning more always brings more questions.

    Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Products (产品) arc not produced in a "green" way and people haven't realized the importance of buying and using environmentally-friendly products. These lead to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of waste like glass, paper and plastics is produced (生产). The waste problem is difficult to deal with.
    However, today, more and more people are choosing “green” and expecting that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. Before they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “Will this soap be bad for the environment”"Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?”
    Over 20,000 people took part in a web survey (调查) on buying environmentally-friendly products. Among them, 8129 people say that they now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it. That is to say, companies must change the way they make and sell their products to make sure that the products are “green”.
    A few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products carry labels to show that they are green. Some companies have made the clean and safe products their main selling point in advertisements.
The growing need for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. The public will no longer accept the old idea of “buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it”. As a result, the companies have to take action.

      If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival. Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but actually eighty percent of mountain survivals is your reaction(反应) to fear.
Find a hiding place.
      Unnecessary efforts will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of valleys—cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal rescuers for help.
     The best time to signal rescuers(救援者) is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible—it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket—gold side facing out—on the ground.
Do not walk away.
    It will make finding you more difficult, as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one.
     If you get frostbite(冻伤), do not rewarm the affected area until you're out of danger. You can walk on frostbitten feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.
阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

B

    According to the World Health Organization (WHO), environmental pollution kills 1.7 million children under the age of five every year worldwide. The WHO warns that child deaths will increase greatly if pollution continues to worsen. Of all the environmental problems, air pollution is being called the most dangerous.

    Most of these deaths take place in developing countries. However, WHO environment and health chief Maria Neira tells that air pollution is a leveler between rich and poor. Everybody, she says, needs to breathe.

    “You can be a very rich child, your parents very rich, but living in a place, in a city, which is very polluted. Then there is very little you can do because we all need to breathe. Air pollution is everywhere.”

    Maria Neira says one of the most important ways to reduce air pollution is to produce cleaner fuels for cooking and heating.

    “Almost half of the world population is using dirty fuels for cooking, heating, and lighting at home. And, this is affecting very much mothers who are staying and cooking at home, but the children who are around mothers—they are exposed as well.”

    Cleaning up how the world cooks, heats and lights homes and other buildings is a big-picture goal.

    But what can every one of us do to limit our family to air pollution?

    The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has the following suggestions:

    ● Avoid walking where there is a high volume of vehicle traffic.

    ● Equip homes with air filters and air conditioning units.

    ● Limit your time outside if you live in an area that issues warnings about air quality.

    ● Wear high-grade, rated face masks tightly to the face when air quality is poor.

    ● If you live or commute in a very polluted area, remove your clothes and wash immediately after entering your house.

    However, the WHO stresses that governments around the world need to take the lead on ensuring that children grow up in a clean environment.

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