题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
江苏省启东中学2020届高三上学期英语期初考试试卷
This time of year, thousands of college applicants wait for enotices and auspiciously(吉利地) sized envelopes from schools, under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves. As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience, but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?
Many parents and students think there is a world of difference between the lifelong outcomes of an Aminus student who gets into, say. Princeton, and an Aminus student who applies to Princeton but "only" gets into some less selective school, like Penn State or the University of Wisconsin. They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.
There are two important things to say about this stress. First, to put the anxiety into context, the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well. Seventy percent of 29-year-olds don't have a bachelor's degree, and the majority of BAs are earned at nonselective schools that accept a majority of their applicants. Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.
But if that doesn't ease the nerves of the 40,000 people waiting on Stanford or Penn, here is a more encouraging conclusion from economics. For most applicants, it doesn't matter if they don't get into their top choice, according to a paper by Stacy Dale, a mathematician at Mathematica Policy Research, and Alan Krueger, an economist at Princeton University. They tracked two groups of students——one that attended college in the 1970s and the other in the early 1990s. They wanted to know：Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges? The short answer was no. Or, in the author's language, the difference between the students who went to superselective schools and the students with similar SAT scores rejected by those schools and went to less selective institutions was "indistinguishable from zero."
What does that mean? It means that, for many students, "who you are" is more important than where you go. It's hard to show that highly selective colleges add much earning power, even with their distinguished professors and professional networks. In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.
For the elite colleges themselves, the DaleKrueger paper had additional, fascinating findings. It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less-educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence. Getting into Princeton if your parents went to Princeton? Fine, although not a gamechanger. But getting into Princeton if your parents both left community college after a year? That could be gamechanging. Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.
What is an elite college really worth for? | |
Introduction | College applicants tend to feelwhile awaiting admission decisions. |
Author's advice | College applicants should cool down and carry . |
General | Success and failure in life is partly by which school you will go to. |
Two important things | Those to the top universities have already won half the battle in their young life. Students graduating from top universities don't necessarily earn more money than those who are turned by top universities. |
Implication of the research | qualities matter more than where a student gets degree. can be more important than the social and problem-solving skills students have acquired. |
Additional findings of the research | Minority students from lesseducated families can gain access to the networks through highly selective colleges. |
Conclusion | It makes sense to find a good . |
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