Do you like drinking coke, coffee, juice or milk? Do you often drink them instead of water? However, of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not all of us understand this but it is quite true. Human body can go without food for a long time, but two or three days without water usually makes people die.

    Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs to work well. What is true is that many people do not drink enough, especially in hot weather. Most people drink only when they are thirsty but often need more water after they take exercise.

    Does anyone know what is the 65%-75% of human body? It is water. If we do not have enough water, we will feel tired and become ill. So, do you know what the best drink is? It's water.

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    This year's winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine is from Japan. According to his research, cells (细胞) sometimes "eat" themselves to keep healthy. In other words, cells can break down old ones and use the useful parts to make new cells, or to fight off viruses (病毒). This new finding could help scientists fight many diseases.

Small machines

    Three scientists from France, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands (荷兰) won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on small machines. How small? Well, they are a thousand times thinner than a strand (缕) of hair. We can't see them with only our eyes! This technology will open a whole new world for us. For example, we could make very small robots in the future. A doctor could put them into our body. Like policemen, the robots look for the ill parts in our body, and send the medicine right there.

Super-state

As teachers said in your physics class, most things in the world are in three states: solids (固体), liquids (液体) and gases . But at very low or high temperatures, things can turn into a strange state. For example, break down things to their smallest pieces and we get "atoms" (原子). Like Lego building blocks, atoms usually add up to become a 3-D thing, like a box. But atoms in the strange state don't. They stay together and become a flat thing, like a piece of paper.

    This is a new finding of three British-born scientists. And they won the Nobel Prize in Physics this year. They hope to use things in this strange state to make new materials.

About the Prize

    The Nobel Prize was started by Swedish inventor, Alfred Nobel in 1895. It gives prizes to great science research and the people behind it. Every year in October, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences decides who wins. It includes six prizes: chemistry, physics, physiology (生理学) or medicine, peace, literature (文学) and economic. This year each winner gets a medal and prize money of more than 6 million yuan.

根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。

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    Paul is a photographer(摄影师). He went to the Arctic to take pictures for NationalGeographic(《国家地理》). Finally, he saw a big and white polar bear swimming to him in the icy water.

    Paul lay down the ice to get a better photo, but the polar bear jumped out of the water and tried to attack him! Luckily for Paul, the ice cracked(破裂), or broke and the bear fell back into the water. The polar bear wasn't so lucky. It couldn't get a meal and had to swim farther away to find food.

    To understand the polar bear's problem, you need to know two things about the Arctic. First, the Arctic is mostly ocean(海洋). Second, ice covers(覆盖) a lot of the Arctic Ocean. In winter, the ice is thick, but in summer, the ice becomes thinner and breaks into pieces. Sea ice is the key to survival for Arctic animals. However, because of global warming, Arctic temperatures are rising and polar ice is melting(融化).

    Polar bears need ice  to hunt(捕捉) seals, their favourite meal. They stand on the ice and wait for the seals to come up for air. As Arctic ice melts, polar bears have to swim farther to find ice floes, or large pieces of floating ice. Sometimes, bears have to swim more than 200 km to find an ice floe. Some bears cannot swim that far and sadly they drown(淹死).

    On his last trip, Paul saw three dead bodies of polar bears. Before global warming threatened(威胁) Arctic ice, a dead bear was a rare sight. Paul is sad to see the dead bodies. Wildlife experts(专家) think global warming will have a terrible effect(影响) on polar bears. In the future, polar ice will continue to shrink and endanger the bears. Some scientists believe 65 percent of the world's polar bears will disappear(消失) by 2050. In other words, polar bears are in great danger.

    "Mirror (镜子) mirror on the wall, what film is on in the cinema?"

Now with this kind of new mirror, you can brush your teeth and read news at the same time in your bathroom. Now not many people have this kind of mirror, but it will be popular very soon.

    The mirror works with new software(软件). You can use it to get news. You can also make your time table on it. It can also tell you what to wear because it knows the weather. The mirror is very clever. You can write notes on it for family members.

    There's another kind of new mirror, too. It can get much information from the user's clothes. It tells the users what clothes make him or her look good. Going shopping or eating out? Wait a minute! The mirror can give you some coupons(优惠券), too.

    The Wandering Earth(流浪地球), China's first successful movie whose background is space, as shown on February 5. It is based on(基于)a short story of the same name by Liu Cixin, China's top  science—fiction writer.

    ⒈Capsule(太空舱)—a core(核心)element(要素)

    The space capsule used in the film has made the audience(观众)interested. "This was the first time anything like that was done, "said Wang Hong, the producer(制片人)of the movie. At first, the production(制作)team planned to use a small space capsule that had appeared in an earlier film, but found that it could not meet their needs for filming.

    ⒉Giant vehicles(巨大的车辆)—key to the film

    Giant vehicles are the key element in the film. Famous actors, Ng Man—tat and Wu Jing, said they could not even imagine what these vehicles would be like before filming, because the idea was far ahead of our time.

    The production team made about 10, 000 props(道具)to show the space better, including the giant vehicles.

    ⒊Saving planet itself

    In the film, the earth itself is pushed forward by 10, 000 giant

thrusters(推进器). It carries 3.5 billion people about 4.2 light years

through space in order to avoid destruction(破坏)by the dying sun.

In Liu's story, each thruster is 11, 000 meters in height.

    ⒋Amazing opening

    At the beginning of the film, it shows the environment and life in an

underground city—a big tree growing upside down, busy bookstores and snack bars and so on. There are also many snow scenes (片段)throughout the whole film.