The book ABigFatCrisis: TheHiddenForcesBehindObesityEpidemic— andHowWeCanEndIt by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.

1)．If you're obese, blame your genes.

    {#blank#}2{#/blank#} Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled—too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.

2)．If you're obese, you lack self­control.

    Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Even, the most vigilant(警觉的)people may not be good controllers of themselves.

3)．{#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 per cent of Americans live in the “food deserts”， about 65 per cent of the nation's population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.

4)．The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we don't exercise.

    Michelle Obama's “Let's Move” campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} In fact, although a drop in work­related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.

In a new move, doctors are using feature films in order to encourage their patients to talk more freely about their problems. Supporters of "film therapy (疗法)" say that discussing characters and plot lines from a proper film can help people to understand their feelings better.

One of those using the method is Bernie Wooder, a doctor from Elstree, who charges £45 for a one-hour "film therapy" session. He said, "I was treating a woman who had been badly let down in a relationship, and who was experiencing such strong feelings that it was difficult for her to speak about them. I told her that her situation reminded me of On the Waterfront, when Marlon Brando's character realizes his brother is dishonest and he feels a great sense of betrayal (背叛). My patient identified so easily with him that she started to cry. Watching and discussing the film unlocked all the feelings she had buried. Each time she watched and cried, she felt better."

Mr Wooder admits that film therapy does not work for everyone, but says he has used it successfully with about a third of his clients. "Through the films' characters, plots and even music, it allows people to face their problems." He said that Falling Down, in which Michael Douglas plays the part of an unemployed man who is so frustrated (沮丧的) that he uses violence, was an example of the dangerous implications (后果) of not letting anger go. "I used this film with a patient who was very upset because he was holding on to a lot of the anger he felt towards people who had frustrated him," said Mr Wooder. "We talked about Michael Douglas's character and the disastrous path he takes, and my patient then realized that he needed to let go of his feelings more regularly so as not to erupt (爆发) like a time bomb."

    Teenagers around the world can be happy with the news that the brain will ignore parents' order when they tap on their smartphones. A new scientific study from the University College London has shown that humans may temporarily go deaf when they're focusing on something visual at the same time.

    The researchers played the normal-volume sounds in the background. And 13 volunteers experienced inattentional deafness as their visual tasks became increasingly difficult. “We found that when volunteers were performing the demanding visual task, they were unable to hear sounds that they would normally hear,” Maria Chait said in a statement. “The brain scans showed that people didn't filter out the sounds on purpose. They were not actually hearing them in the first place.”

    The findings, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, suggest that the centre of sights and the center of sounds share limited resources. Inattentional deafness is a common everyday experience and the study explains why, according to UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Professor Nili Lavie.

    If you try to talk to someone focusing on a book, game, or television program and don't receive a response, they aren't necessarily ignoring you. They simply might not hear you at all. This could also explain why you might not hear your bus or train stop being announced if you're absorbed in your phone, book or newspaper. However, some loud sounds will still be able to break through.

    Some situations could become potentially dangerous when the quieter ones go unheard. As you can imagine, in the operating room, when a doctor concentrates on his work, he might not hear the equipment beeping. It also applies to drivers who concentrate on complex directions. Fortunately, experts have given us some useful tips on preventing such situations.

    These are instructions for making invisible ink using baking soda.

    The obsession(痴迷) with perfection among young people has risen by more than 30 percent over the last three decades, a study has found.

    Many of them believe that their environment is extremely demanding and that others judge them strictly, according to analysis of data from more than 40，000 British, Canadian and American university students from 1989 to 2017.

    The research, carried out by the University of Bath and York St John University, found that the degree to which young people attach an unreasonable importance to being perfect, hold unrealistic expectations of themselves and are highly self­critical has increased by 10 percent when compared to previous generations. The authors suggested their findings point to the influence of three decades of neoliberalism(新自由主义) forcing young people to compete against one another.

    Lead author Dr Thomas Curran from the University of Bath's Department for Health said he hoped organisations responsible for safeguarding the welfare of young people, such as schools, universities, and policymakers who shape the environments in which these organisations operate, would “resist the promotion of competitiveness at the expense of young people's psychological health”.

    He said, “Rising rates of perfectionism highlighted in this study is in line with three decades of neoliberalism, which has forced young people to compete against each other within increasingly demanding social and economic aspects.”

    The researches defined perfectionism as a combination of extremely high personal standards and overly strict self­criticism, leading to psychological difficulties.

    Co­author Dr Andrew Hill of York St John University added, “The increase in mental health difficulties among young people makes for a convincing background for our findings. The higher level of perfectionism may be a key contributing aspect to such difficulties. Young people are trying to find ways to deal with increasing demands being placed on them and they are responding by becoming more perfectionistic towards themselves and others.”

    Teenagers who spend hours in front of the television may have a poorer diet as young adults.

    A study, which included nearly 1, 400 high school students, found those who watched TV for five hours or more per day had less healthy diets than peers (同龄人) five years later. Why does this happen? Should the parents take any measures?

    On the one hand, people who spend a lot of time in front of the TV, especially teenagers, may snack more, and that may affect their long-term diet quality.

    On the other hand, TV ads for fast food, sweets and snacks tempt teenagers to eat more of those foods. And TV time might also replace exercise time for some kids.

    Lead researcher Dr. Daheia J. Barr-Anderson, of the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, told Reuters Health a clear correlation between TV time during high school and diet quality in young adulthood. While the heaviest TV viewers were eating the most junk food, those who'd watched less than two hours per day had the highest intake (吸收) of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and high-calcium food. In her opinion, parents should limit and monitor TV viewing.

    As far as I am concerned, children should watch no more than two hours of television per day. And parents should set a good example by eating right, being physically active and curbing their own TV time.