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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

安徽省黄山市屯溪第一中学2018-2019学年高一上学期英语期中考试试卷

阅读理解

    There's a new achievement in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale(大规模地). And the industry isn't stopping there.

    Food production

    With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re-create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same", freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.

    Nutrition

    Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumers(消费者) to print food with customized(定制的) nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand."

    Challenges

    Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients (烹饪原料) must be changed to a paste(糊状物)before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are limited to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are doubtful about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

(1)、What do we know about 3D printing and food?
A、The 3D printing industry is beginning to focus on food. B、With further development, it's possible to use the 3D printing technology to print food. C、People have made possible 3D food printers. D、The 3D printing and food have developed into a perfect industry.
(2)、What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?
A、It helps cooks to create new dishes. B、It saves time and effort in cooking. C、It improves the cooking conditions. D、It contributes to restaurant decorations.
(3)、According to Paragraph 3, 3D-printed food             .
A、is more available to consumers B、can meet personal nutritional needs C、is more tasty than food in supermarkets D、can keep all the nutrition in food
(4)、What is the main challenge that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?
A、The printing process is complicated. B、3D food printers are too expensive. C、Food materials have to be dry. D、Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
举一反三
阅读理解

    Experts say that, among young Internet users, it's not boys who create most web content. The pioneers of the Internet at the moment are the girls.

    According to Jenny Baker, whose hobbies are designing icons(图示), most boys just aren't patient enough for blogging, uploading photographs, and creating their own websites. Jenny posts her pictures on her own website, and believes that most boys don't often have their own sites. She thinks it's mainly girls.

    And Jenny is right. A study shows that, among Internet users aged 12 to 17, a lot more girls blog than boys (35 percent of girls compared with 20 percent of boys). A lot more girls also work on their web pages (32 percent of girls compared with 22 percent of boys). Girls are also ahead of boys in working on websites for other people.

    Some girls have their own teenage podcasts(播客)which have become very successful and sometimes the creators have their own TV shows too. When asked what they think about the study that shows girls are more active on the web, they say that they're not surprised because girls are very creative, and sometimes more creative than boys.

    Other girl have started interactive(交流的)e-zines with articles written for girls by girls. “Girls from everywhere read our articles, and they ask lots of questions,” they say. “I think girls like to help other people more.” One expert said: “If boys were more interested in helping other people, the numbers would be different.”

    But if girls are more interested in computers, why do women only have 27 percent of computer-related jobs? Maybe this will change in the future—after all, girls like these will be in the job market before too long.

阅读理解
Hello, children and parents.

    Thank you all for coming to the meeting. I'd like to start by confirming (保证) that we will receive some money from the government for our school trip to Indonesia. We will receive about $1,300 per child, which will reduce the whole cost to you.

    Now that we are sure to get the money, it is time to do some serious planning. We are sure that the trip will be very exciting for the children, especially if they have not traveled abroad before. There are many advantages(优点) of having some experiences to different places and cultures. Your children will be able to learn a lot about other people and cultures on this trip.

    Leanne is with us tonight. Leanne, where are you? Put up your hand so that the people can see who you are. Thank you. Leanne went on a trip there with some other students last year and will be happy to tell you of her experiences and answer any questions you might have. We will hear from her a bit later in the meeting.

    We only have five months to organize the trip. From past experience I can tell you that this time will go very quickly. So we need to start organizing the trip.

    This is the agenda (议程) for this evening's meeting:

    Passports: when and how to apply for one.

    Health matters: what precautions (预防措施) you need to take, plus any special needs that your child may have.

    Studying: what kind of the school and type of lessons your child will attend.

    Money: paying for the trip, plus how much money your child should take.

   Hotel: where we will be staying clothing and personal items that your children should take with them.

阅读理解

    According to Gallup's annual Global Emotions report, people all over the world are more stressed than ever before. Nearly 40 percent of adults from 146 countries reported having experienced worry or stress. And it isn't just adults experiencing these high stress levels; experts have also observed a rise in the number of children and youth. According to another study published in EurekAlert, one in five students are so stressed that they've considered self-harm or suicide. The immense stress they face has been proven to be harmful to their health.

    It's no news that stress can trigger anxiety, depression and self-harming behaviors, and cause sleep problems, social withdrawal, angry outbursts and obsessive-compulsive behaviors. We are moving towards a society where an increasing number of us face mental health problems that stem from high stress levels. If stress increases rapidly, how can we fight it?

    It might sound easier said than done but studies have shown that the best way to deal with stress is to change your perception(认识) of it.

    The University of Wisconsin conducted a study of 30,000 Americans. Researchers asked them how much stress they'd experienced in the past year and whether they believed stress was harming their health. The researchers concluded that people in the study who were exposed to large amounts of stress and viewed stress as harmful had 43 percent higher risk of dying than people who viewed stress as a helpful response.

    More interestingly, those with more positive perceptions of stress had the lowest risk of death out of all involved in the study, even lower than those experiencing very little stress.

    A separate study conducted by researchers from King's College London and the University of Marburg showed students with more negative beliefs about stress experienced more physical symptoms, such as headaches, tension and tiredness during a stressful end-of-semester exam period, compared with students who had more positive beliefs about stress.

    These two studies have proven that stress itself is not actually bad. It is the belief that stress is bad that is bad.

阅读理解

    Alan Naiman was known for being very careful about how he spent his money. But even those closest to him had no knowledge of the fortune he quietly gathered and the last act he had planned.

    Naiman died of cancer at age 63 last January. The man from the American state of Washington gave most of his money to groups that help the poor, sick, disabled and abandoned children.

    He gave them $11 million. The large amount of his fortune shocked the groups that received his gifts and even his best friends. That is because Naiman had been known to repair his own shoes with duct tape. He had sought deals to buy food from grocery stores at closing time and taken friends out to lunch at low cost restaurants.

    Naiman died unmarried and childless. He loved children but also was intensely private. He saved, invested and worked extra jobs to gather money. He rarely spent the money on himself after seeing how unfair life could be for children who suffer most.

    Naiman was a former banker who worked for the past 20 years at the state Department of Social and Health Services. He earned $67,234 a year and also took on side jobs. Sometimes, he worked as many as three at a time. He saved and invested enough to make several millions of dollars. He also received millions more from his parents after they died.

    He left $2.5 million to the Pediatric Interim Care Center in Washington. The center is a private organization that cares for babies born to mothers who abused drugs and children with drug dependency. The center used the money to pay off its mortgage (按揭) and buy a new vehicle to transport the children.

    Naiman gave $900, 000 to the Treehouse, where children without parents can choose toys and necessities for free. Treehouse is using Naiman's money to expand its college and career support services Statewide.

阅读理解

All animals play. Runing, rolling and wrestling with each other is a way for them to have fun, of course. But it also seems to be how they communicate and strengthen bonds with each other.

When a dog comes up to another dog, front legs bowed and his tail high, his buddy knows he wants to play. But new research shows that this play behavior is surprisingly similar when horses and dogs play.

To study interspecies communication, Elisabetta Palagi and her colleagues from the University of Pisa found 20 YouTube videos of dogs and horses playing where their interactions lasted at least 30 seconds. They analyzed the videos, looking for specific pattern of play.

They found that while playing, both dogs and horses often had relaxed, open mouths-which is common playful facial expression in mammals. Some also copied each other's movements, like pretending to bite, playing with an object, or rolling on their backs on the ground. A 2,000-pound horse can play with a relatively tiny dog because the two are able to communicate their intentions.

"It's an important study because it shows how two animals who look and behave so differently can nevertheless manage to negotiate how to play in a way that's comfortable for both," Barbara Smuts, a behavioral ecologist at the University of Michigan, told National Geographic.

It's even more noteworthy given the large size difference between horses and dogs. The dog is vulnerable (易受伤的) to injury by the horse, and the horse has a deeply rooted tendency to fear animals that look like wolves."

Next up, the researchers write, is exploring the development and shaping of interspecies communication that “can be at the basis of a universal language of play".

阅读理解

Reading helps kids learn English and kids' books make it easy and enjoyable. Here are some books that are carefully picked for your kids.

Corduroy

It's about a little bear, Corduroy, in a toy shop. He has lost one of his buttons (纽扣). This makes him very sad because he wants to be taken home by a kid. So he decides to find a new button. Corduroy contains some hard words. So you'd better use a dictionary while reading it

 Price: $18; 10% discount (折扣) on Sunday

Curious George

Curious Georgp, a monkey, is a little too interested in everything, which causes humans to bring him from the forest to a big city. However, there he calls the fire department, is put into prison, escapes from prison and is carried into the sky by balloons. Though the book uses a lot of short and simple sentences, some of its words are not simple.

Price: $20; 20% discount on Sunday

The Story of Ferdinand

Ferdinand, a bull, loves to smell the flowers in the grassland. One day people come to pick a male cow for bull fights. Ferdinand doesn't want to be chosen, but a bee stings (叮) him. It causes him to jump around crazily, so he's picked. In Ferdinand's first fight, he lies down to smell the flowers instead of fighting. So he is sent back to the-grassland. The book has many similar stories that bring laughter. And it has everything that makes a children's book great for English learners — simple and hard words.

Price: $16; 10% discount on Sunday

Green Eggs and Ham

In this book, a cat named Sam really likes green eggs and meat. So he offers them to a friend. Read the book to see if his friend likes the meal or not. This book is a poem. Despite having simple vocabulary, the words are used in a way that feels smart.

Price: $15; 5% discount on Sunday

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