题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通
江苏省海安市2020-2021学年高二上学期英语期中考试试卷
All animals play. Runing, rolling and wrestling with each other is a way for them to have fun, of course. But it also seems to be how they communicate and strengthen bonds with each other.
When a dog comes up to another dog, front legs bowed and his tail high, his buddy knows he wants to play. But new research shows that this play behavior is surprisingly similar when horses and dogs play.
To study interspecies communication, Elisabetta Palagi and her colleagues from the University of Pisa found 20 YouTube videos of dogs and horses playing where their interactions lasted at least 30 seconds. They analyzed the videos, looking for specific pattern of play.
They found that while playing, both dogs and horses often had relaxed, open mouths-which is common playful facial expression in mammals. Some also copied each other's movements, like pretending to bite, playing with an object, or rolling on their backs on the ground. A 2,000-pound horse can play with a relatively tiny dog because the two are able to communicate their intentions.
"It's an important study because it shows how two animals who look and behave so differently can nevertheless manage to negotiate how to play in a way that's comfortable for both," Barbara Smuts, a behavioral ecologist at the University of Michigan, told National Geographic.
It's even more noteworthy given the large size difference between horses and dogs. The dog is vulnerable (易受伤的) to injury by the horse, and the horse has a deeply rooted tendency to fear animals that look like wolves."
Next up, the researchers write, is exploring the development and shaping of interspecies communication that “can be at the basis of a universal language of play".
{#blank#}1{#/blank#} If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the local manager of the supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.
If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market.
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} But for each person or business that is making and selling something, it is very concrete(具体的). If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won't be long before you get the message. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} It is telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do.
A. The market may be something abstract. B. The sellers are always smarter than buyers. C. When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. D. The market is a concept. E. One has to make his ends meet when shopping. F. The market is telling you something. G. Your efforts are being directed by the market. |
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