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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

四川省邻水实验学校2018-2019学年高一上学期英语第一次月考试卷

阅读理解

    One of the greatest contributions(投稿)to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文) showing how it was used.

    This was a huge task. So Murray had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon(外科医生)who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford.

    Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staff's most valued contributors.

    But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always refuse to visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell(囚室)at the Broadmoor Asylum(精神病院)for the Criminally insane.

    Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.

    In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.

    Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.

(1)、According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _______.
A、came out before Minor died B、was edited by an American volunteer C、included the English words invented by Murray D、was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary
(2)、How did Dr. Minor contribute to the dictionary?
A、He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B、He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray. C、He provided a great number of words and quotations. D、He went to England to work with Murray.
(3)、Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because _______.
A、they both served in the Civil War B、they had a common interest in words C、Minor recovered with the help of Murray D、Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor
(4)、What does the text mainly talk about?
A、The history of the English language. B、The friendship between Murray and Minor. C、Broadmoor Asylum and its patients. D、Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.
举一反三
阅读理解

    When did you last see a polar bear(北极熊)? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club. These "Polar Bears" are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water. That day, the air temperature was 3℃,and the water temperature was a little higher. The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60.Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group; this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.

    Doctors don't agree about the medical effects of cold-winter swimming. Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body's temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops. Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.

    The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits of cold-water swimming. They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system(循环系统)because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm. Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water. A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold-water swimming.

    The main benefits of cold-water swimming are probably mental. The Polar Bears love to swim all year round; they find it fun and relaxing. As one 70-year-old woman says," When I go into water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away."

阅读理解

    When I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that night, the wind was really blowing hard.

    As my mom and I headed to the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change. My mom right away asked where they lived. They pointed to an old car in a parking lot across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car.

    My mom said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings (兄弟姐妹). But she didn't come. Later, I found out she had gone home and put all the food in our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn't there when that happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to those people.

    A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remember the face of that girl who had asked us for change. She was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.

    Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to eat in a restaurant and then back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remember thinking that the other girl didn't have any food to eat and she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.

    After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mom had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I ever learned.

阅读理解

    Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things.

    One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land.

    Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物学家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.

    Romer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs. Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition (过渡) from sea to land.

    Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods”. Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it.

    Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋学家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Homer's theory to places where fossil deposits (沉积物) of the earliest tetrapods were found.

    According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.

    The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UK's University of Bangor. As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food... the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (翻转) themselves back in the water.”

    As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge University's paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to Nature magazine, seemed unconvinced. “It's only one of many ideas for the origin of land-based tetrapods, any or all of which may have been a part of the answer,” she said.

阅读理解

How can I exhibit in the Atrium Gallery

    The Atrium Gallery provides a space for exhibiting a range of creative work, especially the work of our students and staff.

    We aim to promote a programme of high quality art exhibitions which reflect creative activity and research interests.

    Proposals to exhibit

    We select exhibitions by proposal submission. Selected exhibitions showcase innovative, ambitious new work that contributes to the School's learning and research activities, and is a source of pleasure and inspiration to students, staff, visitors and the wider LSE community.

    You must be a student or member of staff at LSE at the time of the proposed exhibition. LSE Arts has no dedicated source of funding, therefore we will ordinarily expect proposals to come with a minimum level of funding, to cover core exhibition costs.

    Proposals will be judged termly for exhibition the following academic term. There is a high demand for our gallery space  so please list your first choice of dates and any alternate dates that would also work.

    Proposal Submission Timescales

    The deadline for exhibition proposals for Summer term 2019 is Friday 18 January 2019. The committee will review applications and successful applicants will be notified (通知) by the week informed on Monday 11 February 2019. Exhibitions will be on display from 29 April to 14 June 2019 inclusive.

    Not all applications will be successful. Successful proposals will generally be exhibited the term after receiving the proposal.

    Complete our exhibition proposal form by downloading the exhibition proposal form and sending to arts@ lse. ac.uk with accompanying images.

If you have any queries, please do not hesitate to contact us at arts@ lse.ac.uk.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Martin Luther King Jr. Day events around Tampa Bay

    Plant City Martin Luther King Jr. Weekend

    Plant City celebrates the holiday for three days with opening ceremonies, a photo display, a street festival, a parade and a battle of the bands competition on Saturday; and a leadership breakfast and gospel festival on Sunday. Food and drinks are free Martin Luther King Jr. Recreation Center (Plant City), 1601 E Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. , Plant City. (813) 757-9195. 10 a. m.-10 p. m. Saturday, 7:30 a. m. -4 p. m. Sunday.

    Martin Luther King Jr. Day Tarpon Springs

    A community parade lines up at the corner of Levis Avenue and Tarpon Avenue and ends in Dorsett Park with a festival featuring performances by church choirs, mime teams and dance groups. Free. Dorsett Park, 500 E Harrison St. , Tarpon Springs (727) 798-5718 11 a. m. Saturday.

    Martin Luther King Jr. Celebration Day Unity Breakfast

    Enjoy breakfast, entertainment and readings of the winning student essays about social development. A march to a festival in Pioneer Park follows. Free. Martin Luther King Jr. Recreation Center, 550 Laura Lane, Dunedin. (727) 738-2920. 8:30 a. m.-10 a. m. Saturday.

    Martin Luther King Jr. Day of Service

    Meet at the park for opening ceremonies and a breakfast snack before departing to participate in various community service projects. Then, return to the park for an appreciation lunch. Free. Tomlinson Park, 1820 55th St S, Gulfport. (727) 893-1118. 8 a. m.-12: 30 p. m. Saturday.

    Great Ex Martin Luther King Jr. Day

    Children can make necklaces that represent Martin Luther King Jr. 's ideas and design a paper doll for an "I Have A Dream" doll chain throughout the museum. Included with admission: $10, $ 9 seniors, 1 and younger free Great Explorations Children's Museum, 1925 Fourth St. N, St. Petersburg. (727) 821-8992. 10 a. m.-3 p. m. Monday.

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