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题型:阅读理解 题类:常考题 难易度:普通

广东省汕头市潮师高级中学2017-2018学年高一上学期英语期中考试试卷(含听力音频)

阅读理解

    English is the most widely used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings can speak it. More than half of the world's books and three quarters of international mail are in English. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary — perhaps as many as two million words.

    However, let's face it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweet-meats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren't sweet, are meat.

    We take English for granted. But when we explore its paradoes (探索它的矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.

    And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers don't fing, grocers don't groce, and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, should't the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese — so one moose, two meese?

    How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?

    English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of human beings. That's why, when stars are out, they are visible (能看见的); but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it.

(1)、According to the passage ________.
A、sweet-meats and sweetbreads are different things B、there should be egg in an eggplant C、pineapples are the apples on the pine tree      D、boxing rings should be round
(2)、Which of the following is the correct plural?
A、Beeth. B、Geese. C、Meese. D、Tooth.
(3)、Which of the following includes two items that have the similar meaning?
A、A wise man and a wise guy. B、Overlook and oversee. C、Hot as hell and cold as hell. D、Quite a lot and quite a few.
举一反三
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    It started as a special day for Wesley Autrey, a 50-year-old construction worker in New York City. It was about 12:45 P.M., and he was waiting on a subway platform (月台) to take his daughters home before he went to work. He suddenly noticed a man nearby have convulsions (抽搐) and fall down suddenly. Mr. Autrey and two women went to help the stranger. The man, Cameron Hollopeter, managed to get to his feet, but then stumbled (绊倒) at the edge of the platform and fell onto the subway tracks. Mr. Autrey looked up and saw the lights of the subway train coming near through the tunnel.

    Mr. Autrey jumped onto the track immediately. He realized that he didn't have time to get Mr. Hollopeter and himself back up on the platform before the train arrived, so he lay on top of the man and pressed down as hard as he could. Although the driver tried to stop the train before it reached them, he couldn't. Five cars passed over them before the train finally stopped. The cars had passed only inches from his head.

    New York loves a hero. Mr. Autrey became an overnight hero and was named the “Subway Superman”. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg gave him the Bronze Medallion, the city's highest honor. He was asked to appear on several TV talk shows. He was also rewarded with money and gifts, such as $10,000 from Donald Trump, a $5,000 gift card from the Gap clothing store, a new Jeep, and Beyonce concert tickets.

    How did Autrey react (反应) to all this? He said, “I don't feel like I did anything great; I just saw someone who needed help. I did what I felt was right”.

阅读理解
    Ralph Waldo Emerson once said that in order to achieve contentment,one should "cultivate the habit of being grateful for every good thing that comes to you,and to give thanks continuously."It turns out Emerson—who explored the meaning of a good life in much of his work—wasn't far off when it comes to what we now know about counting one's blessings.Research is continually finding that expressing thanks can lead to a healthier,happier and less-stressed lifestyle.
    How can we,as Emerson advised,be thankful for each thing that contributes to our lives?Below are four habits that could help you cultivate gratitude on a daily basis.
    Keep a journal.—Research has shown that writing down what you're thankful for can lead to a range of wellness benefits.Keeping a gratitude journal can reinforce positive thoughts—something particularly helpful as the brain tends to naturally focus on what goes wrong.Putting pen to paper can also help you make more progress as you work toward personal goals.In order to reap the full benefits of keeping a journal,Dr Robert Emmons,gratitude researcher and psychology professor at the University of California,Davis,recommends writing for five to 10 minutes every other day."You really need to commit to doing it,and if you write it down eventually it will become more automatic, "Emmons says. "It's like exercise—you're not just going to get up one morning and go running, you need to have a plan."
    Don't avoid the negative.—Expressing gratitude has been proven to generate more optimism, but thankful people also don't shy away from the negative. Emmons says that while we often associate gratitude with focusing on the good and avoiding the bad, the key to leading a thankful life is embracing setbacks as part of your overall journey. Emmons suggests recalling a hard time you once experienced—chances are,you'll start to feel grateful for your current state and for overcoming former challenges.
    Spend time with loved ones.—Thankful people know they didn't get to where they are by themselves—and they make it a habit to spend time with those people who matter most. "Gratitude really helps us connect to other people," Emmons says. "It actually strengthens relationships and relationships are the strongest predictors of happiness and coping with stress." Expressing appreciation for loved ones can also help create closeness by allowing others to see how you look at them. According to Dr. Michael E. McCullough, a University of Miami researcher, your feelings of gratitude benefit more than just yourself. "More than other emotion, gratitude is the emotion of friendship," McCullough told the New York Times in 2011."It is part of a psychological system that causes people to raise their estimates of how much value they hold in the eyes of another person."
    Volunteer.—Everyone needs a little help sometimes—and grateful people know there's no other way to acknowledge this than by paying it forward. In his book "Thanks!" Emmons notes that those who volunteer often feel grateful for the experience to give back. "Since service to others helped them to find their own inner spirituality, they were grateful for the opportunity to serve," he wrote. As recent research published in BMC Public Health points out, volunteering can result in fewer feelings of depression and increased overall well-being. Emmons suggests examining your own talents and use them to help others, noting that people become more grateful as givers rather than receivers.
阅读理解

    If you're showering every day, you're probably over doing it. In fact, showering too often can actually hurt your body in the long run.

    As Time's public health column explains, daily showers are common due to social norms more than any proper health need. We connect being freshly showered with being attractive and pleasing, so we tend to showering often to feel better.

    But what's the ideal shower frequency? In terms of your health — not how you look or smell — probably once or twice a week, assistant professor of dermatology at George Washington University, Dr. C. Brandon Mitchell says. “Your body is naturally a well-oiled machine,” he says. “A daily shower isn't necessary.”

    Of course, your situation may vary. If you have a job like car maintenance or construction, you'll obviously have a visible layer of dirt you'll need to wash off every single day. Similarly, if you work out every day, you may not have any health risks by washing every day, but you'll still be smelly. If you feel like you need to take daily showers for aesthetic(审美的)reasons, at least make most of them light showers. “I tell patients who shower daily not to soap their whole bodies,” Mitchell says. Hit your pits, butt and groin, which are the areas that produce strong smells. The rest of your body doesn't need much soaping, he says.

    Too much time spent under the hot water can dry out your skin, cause cracks(裂纹)that can lead to infections or germs getting into your skin, and take away the natural oils on your skin that help keep it healthy. So, even if you're aiming to be your most presentable, be sure to keep it moderate to avoid hurting your skin in the long run.

阅读理解

    TheChristianScienceMonitor is seeking editorial interns (实习生)with good journalism skills to write and edit in the Monitor's various columns and online platforms. Applicants must be self-starters(做事主动的人), and have great analytical skills, a basic understanding of world events, and an ability to write and edit with clarity and precision.

    Duties will include making presentations, reporting, and writing stories with angles that could bring understanding to various topics, show new creative approaches to a wide range of problems, and highlight areas of progress.

    Attention to detail is important in this job. Interns will stand out from their experience as excellent writers who are able to notice and analyze trends in addition to earning valuable day-to-day experience by working with first-rate editors in a dynamic newsroom.

    Work Schedule: Paid and academic interns will work Monday through Friday, between 35 to 40 hours a week. The workplace is in Boston, Mass.

    Spring internships run from January to the beginning of May. The application deadline is October 15.

    Summer internships run from the end of May to mid August. The application deadline is January 15.

    Fall internships run from September to December. The application deadline is July 15.

    To apply, please contact the Internship Manager, and send a resume, a cover letter, and at least three writing clips(片段)(If emailing, please attach clips as separate, printable documents and not as links) to:

    Kendra Nordin Beato

    Internship Manager

    TheChristianScienceMonitor

    210 Massachusetts Avenue, P02-20

    Boston, MA02115

    nordink@csmonitor.com

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