题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
广西南宁市第八中学2016-2017学年高二下学期英语期末考试试卷
The Bystander (旁观者) Effect
When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses.
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty” Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964. Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed (刺) by a man later identified as Winston Moseley. Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help.The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans. As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments.
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect.Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present. The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways. When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate.
In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and
A. They hesitate and assess the risk of getting hurt
B. This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect.
C. Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is unclear.
D. First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility.
E. they did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.
F. none of the people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help.
G. the attacker didn't stop stabbing her.
Whether you're a child, teenager, young adult or are middle-aged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}No matter your age, there are 5 ways to show respect.
● Respect their belongings.
One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewelry or other valuable things. For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent's belongings is a violation of personal boundaries.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}And never borrow things without asking first.
● Punctuality .
{#blank#}3{#/blank#}Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew（宵禁）.Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you're going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.
● {#blank#}4{#/blank#}
Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honor your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don't expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated .A phone call from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.
● Be kind.
Kind words and affection are simple ways to show respect. Tell your parents you love them. Listen and allow your parents to speak without interruption. Show a sincere interest in what your parents have to say. Be patient with your parents and don't rush them. Never talk back or be rude or disrespectful. Acknowledge your parents' achievements.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}
A. Be a good listener. B. Celebrate with them. C. Lateness indicates a lack of respect. D. Treat your parents the way you would like to be treated. E. And they love you unconditionally throughout your life. F. Being respectful helps build positive relationships with others. G. Don't take advantage of your parents' kindness and generosity. |
You walk into the classroom, look at that white piece of paper in front of you and are told you've got an hour and a half to do it. That can make anyone nervous, but here is the guide to stay calm.
Get a good night's sleep the night before the test, and eat a healthy breakfast next day. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} If you're too tired, you won't remember what you learnt the night before.
Get to class a little earlier. If you get there early, you'll make sure to get your favorite seat. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
Breathe. Before the test, breathe in through your nose deeply and slowly. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} Repeat this several times. If you experience a sudden panic during the test, perform the exercise again.
Skip questions if necessary. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} If you come across a difficult question, skip the question and move on. You can come back to it at the end of the test if you have time, and later questions may help you get the answer(s) to the one(s) you skipped.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} Don't panic if you notice other students writing very quickly or handing in their tests early. Tell yourself it's just a test. Really, it is. No matter what happens, everything will be OK.
A. Avoid staying up the night before the exam. B. Act like you are the only person in the room. C. Don't spend too much time on any one question. D. If you believe you can do it, you will find you can! E. A little exercise will help you remain calm during any stressful situation. F. Then, hold your breath for 3-4 seconds and blow out slowly through your mouth. G. You'll not also feel more relaxed if you don't get there in time or worse yet, late. |
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