题型：任务型阅读 题类：常考题 难易度：普通
山西省应县第一中学2017-2018学年高一下学期英语4月月考试卷
The history of chocolate begins with a plant whose name is cacao. For centuries, people worldwide have been enjoying the rich favor of chocolate, a product made from cacaoAmericans eat an average of more than five kilograms of chocolate per person every year. The specialty shop shows the culture of chocolate and sells chocolates from different areas of the world.
Historians believe the Mayan people of Central America first learned to farm cacao plants around 2,000 years agoThen they grew them around their homes. They cooked the cacao seeds and pressed them into soft powder. They mixed the powder with water to make a delicious chocolate drink. There are often images of cacao plants on Maya buildings and art objects. The rulers drank chocolate at ceremonies
The Aztecs also valued chocolate in the Aztec culture. But the cacao plant could not grow in the area where they livedThey even used cacao seeds as a form of money to pay or give as offerings to the gods. Only the very wealthy people in Aztec societies could afford to drink chocolate because cacao was so valuable.
The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cacao seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502. The wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed the chocolate drink Nowadays, the English, Dutch and French all plant cacao trees in their own countries.
A. Chocolate is very sensitive to temperature.
B. The Mayan took the cacao trees from the rainforests.
C. Chocolate is especially popular in the United States.
D. Chocolate has been prepared as a drink for nearly all of its history.
E. So they had to exchange goods with other societies for cacao seeds.
F. Since then, the popularity of the drink has spread throughout Europe.
G. And even poorer members of Mayan society could enjoy the drink sometimes.
The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we've never been before.
But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the other person's shoes.
For anything you're about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person's face? If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}
If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct (本能 ) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect opinions of others in the chat room.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it's a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it is a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to correct everyone else. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those you have offended.
A. Everyone was new to the network once. B. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely. C. It's unusual that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online. D. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. E. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. F. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear. G. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words to the person's face. |
A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?
Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen's work.{#blank#}1{#/blank#}What they look for is your presence - to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express his worries and fears, but don't let them focus on those fears.
Help them get organized.{#blank#}2{#/blank#}Together, you and your teen can work out a time-table in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.
Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. It's important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best.{#blank#}3{#/blank#}If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.
{#blank#}4{#/blank#}Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and/or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.
Show a positive attitude.{#blank#}5{#/blank#}Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen's pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.
A. A parent's attitude will dictate their teen's emotions. B. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite. C. They will only make the situation worse. D. Encourage your teen to relax. E. Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly F. The best thing is simply to listen. G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves. |
Taping and bracing ankles
Ankle sprains(踝关节扭伤) are the most common sports-related injuries in the United States. If there was an easy way of decreasing the number and severity of these injuries, that would be great. For this very reason, the practice of taping and bracing ankles was introduced decades ago.
How, then, do taped or braced ankles decrease the incidence and severity of sprains in athletes? One explanation for how it works comes from a study which found that taped athletes had improved proprioception(本体感受), which is the body's ability to know how fast the ankle and foot are moving and if they are starting to roll over or not. When they were compared, the athletes with taped ankles had better proprioception both before and after exercise compared with athletes using no tape. The tape's traction(拉力)or pressure on the skin of the foot and ankle helped improve sensitivity and proprioception, resulting in fewer ankle sprains.
Another common concern often expressed by the public is that lengthened practice of taping or bracing ankles results in weak ankles that then tend to get injured more easily; this would be a strong case against taping or bracing ankles. However, a scientific study looked at the effects of consistent ankle brace use on the peroneus longus muscle. It is an important stabilizer(稳定装置)of the ankle, particularly against inversion, the most common type of ankle injury. This study showed that the peroneus longus muscle's ability to do its job was not changed by the long-term wearing of an ankle brace.
Many studies have been completed to compare taping ankles and bracing ankles to try to determine which one is better. Most have shown that braces are slightly more effective than tape, but that both are better than no support at all. One study found that simply wearing high-top sneakers instead of low-tops prevented some ankle injuries and that high-tops plus tape had more than 50% fewer injuries than low-tops plus tape.
So whether it's on the field or on the court, the tape or brace is an important piece of athletic equipment just like your helmet or mouth guard.
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Introduction |
Taping and bracing ankles have been practised for decades to reduce the {#blank#}1{#/blank#} of ankle sprains. |
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{#blank#}2{#/blank#} about the practice of taping and bracing ankles |
How does this practice work? ● It enables the body to have a better knowledge of the ankle and foot's {#blank#}3{#/blank#}. ● It makes the ankle and foot more {#blank#}4{#/blank#} to the outside stimuli(刺激). |
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Does this practice have side effects? ● Some people assume that the lengthened practice could be {#blank#}5{#/blank#} to the ankles. ● {#blank#}6{#/blank#} on a scientific study with the peroneus longus muscle, the long-term wearing of an ankle brace did not {#blank#}7{#/blank#} its ability. |
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Which is better, taping ankles or bracing ankles? ● They both work well, but the latter works more {#blank#}8{#/blank#}. ● Besides taping ankles, wearing high-top sneakers also makes a {#blank#}9{#/blank#}. |
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Conclusion |
Wherever you do sports, the tape or brace really {#blank#}10{#/blank#}. |
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